Rye a better choice than wheat for weight loss

Date:
October 12, 2021
Source:
Chalmers University of Technology
Summary:
Eating whole grain rye products instead of refined wheat
alternatives can offer worthwhile health benefits. Researchers
recently published a study showing that people who ate high-fiber
products made from whole grain rye lost more body fat and overall
weight than those who ate corresponding products made from refined
wheat.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Eating whole grain rye products instead of refined wheat alternatives can
offer worthwhile health benefits. Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, recently published a study showing that people who
ate high-fibre products made from whole grain rye lost more body fat
and overall weight than those who ate corresponding products made from
refined wheat.


==========================================================================
The new results have been published in the scientific journal Clinical Nutrition. It is the largest study yet designed to evaluate the effects
of particular types of grains on body weight and body fat, as well as
the first study to focus specifically on rye.

The study included 242 overweight men and women between the ages of 30
and 70 who were randomly assigned carefully adjusted daily amounts of
refined wheat or whole grain rye products with the same energy value. All participants also received the same general advice on healthy eating from
a dietitian. The participants were examined at the start of the study,
halfway through, and at twelve weeks, when the study ended.

"The results were clear - the participants who received rye products lost
more weight overall, and their levels of body fat decreased compared to
those who received wheat products," says Kia No/hr Iversen, researcher
at the Division of Food and Nutrition Science at Chalmers University
of Technology, and lead author of the study, which forms part of her
recently presented doctoral dissertation.

Although both the rye and wheat groups lost weight during the study,
those who ate rye products lost an average of one kilogram more than those
who ate wheat products, with the difference attributable to fat loss.

Opening up for more individualised diets Different people can react
to the same foods in different ways, depending on, for example, the
particular bacteria present in the gut, and the way they break down. At
the Division of Food and Nutrition Science at Chalmers University of Technology, research is underway into how diet can be better adapted to
the individual level, providing precision nutritional advice to yield
greater health benefits. The new study offers unique data that can be
used to further research in this area.



========================================================================== "Although we saw an overall difference in weight loss between the rye and
the wheat group, there was also very large variation within those groups.

Increasing our understanding of why different people respond differently
to the same foods can pave the way for more specifically tailored diets
based on individual needs. We are currently investigating whether certain specific bacteria in the intestine might be the explanation behind why
some people lost more weight than others who were also on the rye diet,"
says Rikard Landberg, Professor of Food and Health at Chalmers University
of Technology.

Link to appetite not established Obesity and excess weight are among
the biggest health challenges in the world and require many different
measures. One idea is to develop foods that contribute to an increased
feeling of fullness and have positive effects on metabolism.

Previous studies have observed that those who eat rye, which has a very
high content of dietary fibre, feel more full than those who eat the corresponding amount of energy in the form of refined wheat. One of the purposes of this study was therefore to investigate this potential link
between increased intake of rye and weight loss.

"But surprisingly, in this study, we actually never observed any
difference in appetite. We think this may be simply because the method
we used to measure appetite was not good enough. We are therefore working
on evaluating and developing the method further," says Kia No/hr Iversen.



==========================================================================
In order for a food to be marketed with specific health claims, a series
of rigorous studies must be carried out to prove the effect. These
studies are costly and represent a barrier to obtaining the scientific
evidence needed, making it less attractive in turn for food producers
to develop and market products that could contribute to reducing excess
weight and obesity.

Simple advice for consumers "A particularly positive aspect of our
study is that the rye products we used are easily attainable in normal supermarkets in Scandinavia and most of Europe.

Consumers can therefore act on the new results immediately. It does not
require particular effort or dedication to have a diet rich in whole
grain rye," says Kia No/hr Iversen.

The researchers caution that there is more work needed before they can
show in detail exactly what mechanisms determine why whole grain rye is
good for weight loss at the individual level. But the results of the new
study already demonstrate a causal link between rye intake and weight
loss through fat reduction, and studies to determine the mechanisms
behind this link are already under way.

"As we continue to look for the exact reasons why, our advice is to choose
the rye bread instead of the sifted wheat bread," says Kia No/hr Iversen.

More detailed info about the research
* The scientific article 'A hypocaloric diet rich in high fibre
rye foods
causes greater reduction in body weight and body fat than a diet
rich in refined wheat: A parallel randomized controlled trial
in adults with overweight and obesity (the RyeWeight study)'
has been published in Clinical Nutrition. It was written by Kia
No/hr Iversen, Frida Carlsson, Agneta Andersson, Ulf Rise'rus,
Per M. Hellstro"m and Rikard Landberg.

The researchers are active at Chalmers University of Technology
and Uppsala University.

* 242 males and females classified as overweight or obese, aged 30-70
years, were randomised to consume high-fibre products made from
whole grain rye or refined wheat products for 12 weeks, while
adhering to a hypocaloric diet. They were examined at week 0,
week 6 and week 12, with measurements taken including body weight
and body composition, collection of blood samples and evaluation
of subjective appetite.

* After 12 weeks the participants in the rye group had lost 1.08
kilo body
weight and 0.54 per cent body fat more than the wheat group. There
were no consistent group differences on subjective appetite.

* The main funder of the research project is Formas. Two companies
have
contributed with products and support for certain analysis.

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by
Chalmers_University_of_Technology. Note: Content may be edited for style
and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Kia No/hr Iversen, Frida Carlsson, Agneta Andersson, Karl
Michae"lsson,
Maud Langton, Ulf Rise'rus, Per M. Hellstro"m, Rikard Landberg. A
hypocaloric diet rich in high fiber rye foods causes greater
reduction in body weight and body fat than a diet rich in refined
wheat: A parallel randomized controlled trial in adults with
overweight and obesity (the RyeWeight study). Clinical Nutrition
ESPEN, 2021; 45: 155 DOI: 10.1016/ j.clnesp.2021.07.007 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/10/211012102703.htm

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