Warmer soil stores less carbon

Date:
November 18, 2021
Source:
University of Exeter
Summary:
Global warming will cause the world's soil to release carbon,
new research shows.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Global warming will cause the world's soil to release carbon, new
research shows.


========================================================================== Scientists used data on more than 9,000 soil samples from around the
world, and found that carbon storage "declines strongly" as average temperatures increase.

This is an example of a "positive feedback," where global warming causes
more carbon to be released into the atmosphere, further accelerating
climate change.

Importantly, the amount of carbon that could be released depends on the
soil type, with coarse-textured (low-clay) soils losing three times as
much carbon as fine-textured (clay-rich) soils.

The researchers, from the University of Exeter and Stockholm University,
say their findings help to identify vulnerable carbon stocks and provide
an opportunity to improve Earth System Models (ESMs) that simulate future climate change.

"Because there is more carbon stored in soils than there is in the
atmosphere and all the trees on the planet combined, releasing even a
small percentage could have a significant impact on our climate," said Professor Iain Hartley of Exeter's College of Life and Environmental
Sciences.



==========================================================================
"Our analysis identified the carbon stores in coarse-textured soils at
high- latitudes (far from the Equator) as likely to be the most vulnerable
to climate change.

"Such stores, therefore, may require particular attention given the high
rates of warming taking place in cooler regions.

"In contrast, we found carbon stores in fine-textured soils in tropical
areas to be less vulnerable to climate warming." The data on the 9,300
soil profiles came from the World Soil Information database, with the
study focusing on the top 50cm of soil.

By comparing carbon storage in places with different average temperatures,
the researchers estimated the likely impact of global warming.



==========================================================================
For every 10DEGC of increase in temperature, average carbon storage
(across all soils) fell by more than 25%.

"Even bleak forecasts do not anticipate this level of warming, but we used
this scale to give us confidence that the effects we observed were caused
by temperature rather than other variables," Professor Hartley said.

"Our results make it clear that, as temperatures rise, more and more
carbon is release from soil.

"It's important to note that our study did not examine the timescales
involved, and further research is needed to investigate how much carbon
could be released this century." The researchers found that their
results could not be represented by an established ESM.

"This suggests that there is an opportunity to use the patterns we
have observed to improve how models represent soils, and further reduce uncertainty in their projections," Professor Hartley said.

The differences in carbon storage based on soil texture occur because
finer soils provide more mineral surface area for carbon-based organic
material to bond to, reducing the ability of microbes to access and
decompose it.

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by University_of_Exeter. Note: Content
may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Iain P. Hartley, Tim C. Hill, Sarah E. Chadburn & Gustaf Hugelius.

Temperature effects on carbon storage are controlled by soil
stabilisation capacities. Nature Communications, 2021 DOI: 10.1038/
s41467-021-27101-1 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/11/211118061541.htm

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