Hubble witnesses shock wave of colliding gases in Running Man Nebula


Date:
November 24, 2021
Source:
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Summary:
Mounded, luminous clouds of gas and dust glow in this Hubble image
of a Herbig-Haro object known as HH 45. Herbig-Haro objects are a
rarely seen type of nebula that occurs when hot gas ejected by a
newborn star collides with the gas and dust around it at hundreds
of miles per second, creating bright shock waves. In this image,
blue indicates ionized oxygen (O II) and purple shows ionized
magnesium (Mg II). Researchers were particularly interested in
these elements because they can be used to identify shocks and
ionization fronts. This object is located in the nebula NGC 1977,
which itself is part of a complex of three nebulae called The
Running Man. NGC 1977 -- like its companions NGC 1975 and NGC
1973 -- is a reflection nebula, which means that it doesn't emit
light on its own, but reflects light from nearby stars, like a
streetlight illuminating fog. Hubble observed this region to look
for stellar jets and planet-forming disks around young stars, and
examine how their environment affects the evolution of such disks.



FULL STORY ==========================================================================
A jet from a newly formed star flares into the shining depths of
reflection nebula NGC 1977 in this Hubble image. The jet (the orange
object at the bottom center of the image) is being emitted by the young
star Parengo 2042, which is embedded in a disk of debris that could
give rise to planets. The star powers a pulsing jet of plasma that
stretches over two light-years through space, bending to the north in
this image. The gas of the jet has been ionized until it glows by the
radiation of a nearby star, 42 Orionis. This makes it particularly
useful to researchers because its outflow remains visible under the
ionizing radiation of nearby stars. Typically the outflow of jets like
this would only be visible as it collided with surrounding material,
creating bright shock waves that vanish as they cool.


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In this image, red and orange colors indicate the jet and glowing gas of related shocks. The glowing blue ripples that seem to be flowing away
from the jet to the right of the image are bow shocks facing the star
42 Orionis (not shown). Bow shocks happen in space when streams of gas
collide, and are named after the crescent-shaped waves made by a ship
as it moves through water.

The bright western lobe of the jet is cocooned in a series of orange arcs
that diminish in size with increasing distance from the star, forming a
cone or spindle shape. These arcs may trace the ionized outer rim of a
disk of debris around the star with a radius of 500 times the distance
between the Sun and Earth and a sizable (170 astronomical units) hole
in the center of the disk.

The spindle-like shape may trace the surface of an outflow of material
away from the disk and is estimated to be losing the mass of approximately
a hundred-million Suns every year.

NGC 1977 is part of a trio of reflection nebulae that make up the Running
Man Nebula in the constellation Orion.

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by
NASA/Goddard_Space_Flight_Center. Note: Content may be edited for style
and length.


========================================================================== Related Multimedia:
* Swift_Stellar_Jet_in_Running_Man_Nebula ==========================================================================


Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/11/211124153846.htm

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