Rapid rise of decarbonization potentials of rooftop PV plus EVs in
residential houses

Date:
December 9, 2021
Source:
National Institute for Environmental Studies
Summary:
Cities are responsible for 60-70% of energy-related CO2
emissions. As the world is increasingly urbanized, it is crucial to
identify cost-effective pathways to decarbonize. Here, we propose
a 'SolarEV City' concept, in which integrated systems of cities'
roof-top PVs with EVs as batteries can supply affordable and
dispatchable CO2-free electricity for citie's dwellers, which
can reduce CO2 emission by 54-95% with 26-41% of potential cost
savings by 2030.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Cities are responsible for 60-70% of energy-related CO2 emissions. As the
world is increasingly urbanized, it is crucial to identify cost-effective pathways to decarbonize. Here, we propose a 'SolarEV City' concept, in
which integrated systems of cities' roof-top PVs with EVs as batteries
can supply affordable and dispatchable CO2-free electricity for citie's dwellers, which can reduce CO2 emission by 54-95% with 26-41% of potential
cost savings by 2030.


========================================================================== Rooftop photovoltaics (PVs) integrated with electric vehicles (EVs)
has the potential to deeply decarbonize urban energy systems in a cost-effective way.

The SolarEV City Concept suggested that the rooftop PV plus EV systems
can supply 54-95% of electricity demand within cities in Japan, reducing
CO2 emission 54-95% (Kobashi et al., Environmental Research Letters,
16, 024042,2021). However, it was not clear which district in city
could consume, generate, and store the PV electricity, as each district
has different load patterns, building structures, and number of parked
cars. Therefore, we performed techno-economic analyses on rooftop PV
systems integrated with stand- alone batteries or EVs in residential
and commercial districts in Japan from 2020 to 2040.

We found that rooftop PV systems in 2020 are already cost competitive
relative to existing energy systems in Japan. However, "PV + EV" systems
in residential houses rapidly increases its economic advantage over
commercial districts due to greater rooftop space and higher number of available vehicles towards 2030.

Moreover, energy sharing in the districts significantly improved the decarbonization potential. By 2025, energy cost savings, payback periods,
and internal rate of return (IRR) of residential "PV + EV" systems
respectively reached 23%, 9 years, and 11%, and continued improving in subsequent years. CO2 emissions from electricity and gasoline consumption
was reduced by 88%, and the system was capable to supplying 89% of
electricity demand.

The results indicate that residential "PV + EV" systems are a potential
source for significant renewable energy generation and storage that
can also produce increasingly dispatchable electricity. Policy makers, industries, and communities should prepare to establish these systems
through regulatory reform and demonstration projects to scale-up after
2025.

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by National_Institute_for_Environmental_Studies. Note: Content may be edited
for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Takuro Kobashi, Younghun Choi, Yujiro Hirano, Yoshiki Yamagata,
Kelvin
Say. Rapid rise of decarbonization potentials of photovoltaics plus
electric vehicles in residential houses over commercial districts.

Applied Energy, 2022; 306: 118142 DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118142 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/12/211209082614.htm

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