Will this new superpower molecule revolutionize science?

Date:
January 10, 2022
Source:
University of Southern Denmark
Summary:
Researchers report the creation of an artificial molecule with
superpowers. It has the potential to revolutionize nanotechnology
-- and it also explains one of Nature's intriguing enigmas; why
do we have a right hand and a left hand? The researchers describe
their supermolecule as a marriage between DNA and peptides.



FULL STORY ==========================================================================
When scientists discovered DNA and learned how to control it, not only
science but society was revolutionized. Today researchers and the medical industry routinely create artificial DNA structures for many purposes, including diagnosis and treatment of diseases.


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Now an international research team reports to have created a powerful supermolecule with the potential to further revolutionize science.

The work is published in Nature Communications. Authors are from
University of Southern Denmark (Denmark), Kent State University (USA), Copenhagen University (Denmark), Oxford University (UK) and ATDBio
(UK). Lead authors are Chenguang Lou, associate professor, University
of Southern Denmark and Hanbin Mao, professor, Kent State University, USA.

Next generation of nanotechnology The researchers describe their
supermolecule as a marriage between DNA and peptides.

DNA is one of the most important biomolecules, and so are peptides;
peptide structures are used, among other things, to create artificial
proteins and various nanostructures.



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"If you combine these two, as we have, you get a very powerful molecular
tool, that may lead to the next generation of nanotechnology; it may
allow us to make more advanced nanostructures, for example, for detecting diseases," says corresponding author Chenguang Lou, associate professor
at Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark.

The cause of Alzheimer's According to the researchers, another example is
that this marriage of peptides to DNA can be used to create artificial proteins, which will be more stable and thus more reliable to work
with than natural proteins, which are vulnerable to heat, UV, chemical reagents, etc.

"Our next step will be to investigate whether it can be used to explain
the cause of Alzheimer's disease in which malfunctional peptides are
culprits," says the other corresponding author, Hanbin Mao, professor
at Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University.

The research work reports the mechanical properties of a new structure
composed of three-stranded DNA structures and three-stranded peptide structures. It may sound simple, but it is far from.



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Left and right in nature It is rare in Nature that DNA and peptide
structures are chemically linked like this new structure is.

In Nature, they often behave like cats and dogs, though some key
interactions are essential to any living organisms. One possible reason
for this is their so-called chirality -- sometimes also described as handedness.

All biological structures, from molecules to the human body, have a fixed chirality; think of our heart, which is always positioned in the left
side of our body. DNA is always right-handed and peptides are always left-handed, so trying to combine them is a highly challenging task.

Changing left to right "Imagine you want to stack your two hands by
matching each finger while both palms face the same direction. You will
find out it is impossible to do it. You can only do this if you can
trick your two hands into having the same chirality," says Hanbin Mao.

This is what the research team has done; tricked the chirality. They
have changed the peptide chirality from left to right, so it fits with
the chirality of the DNA and works with it instead of repelling it.

"This is the first study to show that the chirality of DNA and peptide structures can communicate and interact, when their handedness is
changed," says Chenguang Lou.

So why do we have a left and a right hand? The researchers report to be
the first to provide an answer to why the biological world is chiral:
"The answer is energy: the chiral world requires the lowest energy to
maintain, therefore it is most stable," says Hanbin Mao.

In other words: Nature will always seek to spend as little energy as
possible.

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by
University_of_Southern_Denmark. Original written by Birgitte
Svennevig. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Shankar Pandey, Shankar Mandal, Mathias Bogetoft Danielsen,
Asha Brown,
Changpeng Hu, Niels Johan Christensen, Alina Vitaliyivna Kulakova,
Shixi Song, Tom Brown, Knud J. Jensen, Jesper Wengel, Chenguang Lou,
Hanbin Mao. Chirality transmission in macromolecular domains. Nature
Communications, 2022; 13 (1) DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27708-4 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/01/220110103257.htm
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