Eating protein from a greater variety of sources may lower risk of high
blood pressure

Date:
March 10, 2022
Source:
American Heart Association
Summary:
In a study of nearly 12,200 adults in China, eating protein from
a greater variety of sources was associated with a lower risk of
developing high blood pressure. This suggests that consuming a
balanced diet with a moderate amount of protein from diverse food
sources may help prevent new-onset hypertension.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Eating a balanced diet including protein from a greater variety of
sources may help adults lower the risk of developing high blood pressure, according to new research published today in Hypertension, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Heart Association.


========================================================================== Nearly half of the U.S. population has hypertension, or high
blood pressure - - one of the leading contributors to cardiovascular
disease. When left untreated, high blood pressure damages the circulatory system and is a significant contributing factor to heart attack, stroke
and other health conditions.

"Nutrition may be an easily accessible and effective measure to fight
against hypertension. Along with fat and carbohydrates, protein is one
of the three basic macronutrients," said study author Xianhui Qin, M.D.,
of the National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease at Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China.

There is a strong association between poor diet quality and increased risk
of cardiovascular disease and death from cardiovascular disease. In its
2021 dietary guidance to improve cardiovascular health, the American Heart Association advises people eat healthy sources of protein, mostly from
plants and may include seafood and low-fat or fat-free dairy products,
and, if desired, lean cuts and unprocessed forms of meat or poultry. The American Heart Association recommends eating one to two servings, or
5.5 ounces, of protein daily.

The study authors analyzed health information for nearly 12,200 adults
living in China who were part of at least 2 out of 7 rounds of the
China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1997 to 2015 (surveys taken every
2-4 years).

Participants' initial survey was used as a baseline, while data from their
last round was used as a follow-up for comparison. Participants were an
average age of 41 years, and 47% were men. The survey measured dietary
intake in three consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls and a household food inventory. A trained interviewer collected 24-hour dietary information
over 3 days in the same week during each round of the survey.

Participants were given a protein "variety score" based on the number
of different sources of protein eaten out of 8 reported: whole grains,
refined grains, processed red meat, unprocessed red meat, poultry, fish,
egg and legumes. One point was given for each source of protein, with a
maximum variety score of 8. The researchers then evaluated the association
for new onset hypertension in relation to the protein variety score.

New-onset hypertension was defined as systolic (top number) blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic (bottom number) blood pressure greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg, taking blood pressure-lowering medicine, or self-reporting that a physician diagnosed high blood pressure since their last survey visit. Average time to follow-up was 6 years.

The analysis found:
* More than 35% of the nearly 12,200 participants developed new-onset
high
hypertension during follow-up.

* Compared to participants with the lowest variety score for protein
intake
(less than 2), those with the highest variety score (4 or higher)
had a 66% lower risk of developing high blood pressure.

* For each of the 8 protein types, there was a window of consumption
amount
where the risk of hypertension was lower. Researchers described
this as the appropriate level of consumption.

* When total quantity of protein intake was considered, the amount
consumed
was divided into five categories (quintiles), from least to
most intake.

People who ate the least amount of total protein and those who
ate most protein had the highest risk for new onset of hypertension.

"The heart health message is that consuming a balanced diet with proteins
from various different sources, rather than focusing on a single source
of dietary protein, may help to prevent the development of high blood pressure," Qin said.

A limitation of the study is its observational design. Because researchers
used prior health information, they could not definitively prove protein
intake of any kind or quantity caused or prevented new-onset hypertension.

The study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Outstanding Youths Development Scheme of Nanfang Hospital, Clinical
Research Program of Nanfang Hospital and Southern Medical University.


========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by American_Heart_Association. Note:
Content may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Chun Zhou, Qimeng Wu, Ziliang Ye, Mengyi Liu, Zhuxian Zhang,
Yuanyuan
Zhang, Huan Li, Panpan He, Qinqin Li, Chengzhang Liu, Xianhui Qin.

Inverse Association Between Variety of Proteins With
Appropriate Quantity From Different Food Sources
and New-Onset Hypertension. Hypertension, 2022; DOI:
10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18222 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/03/220310095958.htm

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