Before I (finally) get around to commissioning any of my
RPis, 1, 2, 3 & 4 (Yes, really. All in untouched in their
original boxes!) to replace my ageing Microsoft-programmed
laptop, does Raspbian have support for network printers, in
my case an Epson WF-2510?

I am increasingly dis-chuffed by Microsoft software and
wish to be Linuxised, having used Linux in a number of
employments.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 11/03/2022 14:21, gareth evans wrote:

Before I (finally) get around to commissioning any of my
RPis, 1, 2, 3 & 4 (Yes, really. All in untouched in their
original boxes!) to replace my ageing Microsoft-programmed
laptop, does Raspbian have support for network printers, in
my case an Epson WF-2510?

I am increasingly dis-chuffed by Microsoft software and
wish to be Linuxised, having used Linux in a number of
employments.

I tend to go for programs first, then choose the OS to suit the software I want to run. Ageing hardware may be more suited to Linux, I agree.

--
Cheers,
David
Web: http://www.satsignal.eu

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

"gareth evans" <headstone255@yahoo.com> wrote in message news:t0flu7$o1k$1@dont-email.me...

Before I (finally) get around to commissioning any of my
RPis, 1, 2, 3 & 4 (Yes, really. All in untouched in their
original boxes!) to replace my ageing Microsoft-programmed
laptop, does Raspbian have support for network printers, in
my case an Epson WF-2510?

I am increasingly dis-chuffed by Microsoft software and
wish to be Linuxised, having used Linux in a number of
employments.

It certainly has support for network-connected printers. It automatically
found my HP Laserjet 283 (once I'd told it I was connected by LAN rather
than USB) and even found the correct driver for ir. You should be OK with an Epson printer.

This is using Raspbian on a Pi3 and a Pi4. Is there a list within Raspbian
(and other flavours of Unix) of the printers that are supported? I suppose there must be for CUPS (printing service) to offer a drop-down list of
printers when you set one up manually if the auto-detection fails.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 11/03/2022 15:03, NY wrote:

"gareth evans" <headstone255@yahoo.com> wrote in message news:t0flu7$o1k$1@dont-email.me...

Before I (finally) get around to commissioning any of my
RPis, 1, 2, 3 & 4 (Yes, really. All in untouched in their
original boxes!) to replace my ageing Microsoft-programmed
laptop, does Raspbian have support for network printers, in
my case an Epson WF-2510?

I am increasingly dis-chuffed by Microsoft software and
wish to be Linuxised, having used Linux in a number of
employments.

It certainly has support for network-connected printers. It
automatically found my HP Laserjet 283 (once I'd told it I was connected
by LAN rather than USB) and even found the correct driver for ir. You
should be OK with an Epson printer.

This is using Raspbian on a Pi3 and a Pi4. Is there a list within
Raspbian (and other flavours of Unix) of the printers that are
supported? I suppose there must be for CUPS (printing service) to offer
a drop-down list of printers when you set one up manually if the auto-detection fails.

On 11/03/2022 16:32, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

https://www.openprinting.org/printer/Epson/Epson-WF-2510_Series

"works perfectly"

Thank-you both gentlemen.

As it happens, I was on the verge recently of unpacking the
RPi400 that I got last June 2021, and had cleared a space for it,
when unexpectedly an Eddystone EA12 communications receiver became
available just for the asking and it is now sitting in that
cleared space whilst I find somewhere else to put it! :-)

(I am a Radio Ham in addition to other interests)

I have been studying the ARMv8 instruction set, off and on, for
some months now in anticipation of an assembly language project
that had its genesis nearly 50 years ago when working for the
CEGB in Portishead

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 11/03/2022 14:21, gareth evans wrote:

Epson WF-2510

https://www.openprinting.org/printer/Epson/Epson-WF-2510_Series

"works perfectly"

--
Canada is all right really, though not for the whole weekend.

"Saki"

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On Fri, 11 Mar 2022 16:32:21 +0000, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

On 11/03/2022 14:21, gareth evans wrote:

Epson WF-2510

https://www.openprinting.org/printer/Epson/Epson-WF-2510_Series

"works perfectly"

Its worth knowing that the Epson and HP printer ranges have always
remained backward compatible: as new printers have got new features, the
codes needed to use them were simply added to the command set and ,AFAIK, nothing was ever removed, so a program written for say, an Epson MX80 (9-
pin dot matrix) will print correctly if any more recent Epson printer is
used instead of the original or the program, which might have been
written in an old 4GL, such as dBase or Sculptor, is being being run on a
more modern computer with a modern printer.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

NY <me@privacy.invalid> wrote:

This is using Raspbian on a Pi3 and a Pi4. Is there a list within Raspbian (and other flavours of Unix) of the printers that are supported? I suppose there must be for CUPS (printing service) to offer a drop-down list of printers when you set one up manually if the auto-detection fails.

If it supports PostScript or PCL, it almost certainly will be picked up by CUPS, possibly with as little needed as a .ppd file. Some printers use
other control languages and will need some sort of filter; I have an Epson ET-3760 that falls into this category. I haven't tried setting up a
Raspberry Pi to print to it, but I have a workstation running Gentoo Linux
that talks to it with no trouble. Since you can also run Gentoo on a
Raspberry Pi nowadays, I'm reasonably confident in saying that's at least
one way I could get it working.

(The driver I'm using appears to have binary blobs within the downloaded archive: one each for x86, amd64, armhf, and aarch64...another hopeful sign
for getting it working.)

--
_/_
/ v \ Scott Alfter (remove the obvious to send mail)
(IIGS( https://alfter.us/ Top-posting!
\_^_/ >What's the most annoying thing on Usenet?

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 11/03/2022 16:32, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

https://www.openprinting.org/printer/Epson/Epson-WF-2510_Series

"works perfectly"

Thank-you both gentlemen.

Quoting from that page...

Epson WF-2510 Series

Color inkjet printer, max. 5760x1440 dpi, works Perfectly
Recommended Driver: epson-201211w (Home page, Driver packages: x86 32
bit: 1.0.0 (RPM for LSB 3.2) (Signed), 1.0.0 (DEB for LSB 3.2)
(Signed), x86 64 bit: 1.0.0 (RPM for LSB 3.2) (Signed), 1.0.0 (DEB for
LSB 3.2) (Signed) (How to install))

The recommended drivers are epson provided and x86 32/64 bit. It doesn't mention arm versions.

As it happens, I was on the verge recently of unpacking the
RPi400 that I got last June 2021, and had cleared a space for it,
when unexpectedly an Eddystone EA12 communications receiver became
available just for the asking and it is now sitting in that
cleared space whilst I find somewhere else to put it! :-)

(I am a Radio Ham in addition to other interests)

I have been studying the ARMv8 instruction set, off and on, for
some months now in anticipation of an assembly language project
that had its genesis nearly 50 years ago when working for the
CEGB in Portishead

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 11/03/2022 20:05, Jim Jackson wrote:

On 11/03/2022 16:32, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

https://www.openprinting.org/printer/Epson/Epson-WF-2510_Series

"works perfectly"

Thank-you both gentlemen.

Quoting from that page...

Epson WF-2510 Series

Color inkjet printer, max. 5760x1440 dpi, works Perfectly
Recommended Driver: epson-201211w (Home page, Driver packages: x86 32
bit: 1.0.0 (RPM for LSB 3.2) (Signed), 1.0.0 (DEB for LSB 3.2)
(Signed), x86 64 bit: 1.0.0 (RPM for LSB 3.2) (Signed), 1.0.0 (DEB for
LSB 3.2) (Signed) (How to install))

The recommended drivers are epson provided and x86 32/64 bit. It doesn't mention arm versions.

Yes, my bad, I forgot it was a Pi, but the PPD file is available as a
text file and it looks like the CUPS filter file exists too as an ARM
binary .deb package.

See my earlier post.


--
Karl Marx said religion is the opium of the people.
But Marxism is the crack cocaine.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 11/03/2022 17:02, gareth evans wrote:

On 11/03/2022 15:03, NY wrote:

"gareth evans" <headstone255@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:t0flu7$o1k$1@dont-email.me...

Before I (finally) get around to commissioning any of my
RPis, 1, 2, 3 & 4 (Yes, really. All in untouched in their
original boxes!) to replace my ageing Microsoft-programmed
laptop, does Raspbian have support for network printers, in
my case an Epson WF-2510?

I am increasingly dis-chuffed by Microsoft software and
wish to be Linuxised, having used Linux in a number of
employments.

It certainly has support for network-connected printers. It
automatically found my HP Laserjet 283 (once I'd told it I was connected
by LAN rather than USB) and even found the correct driver for ir. You
should be OK with an Epson printer.

This is using Raspbian on a Pi3 and a Pi4. Is there a list within
Raspbian (and other flavours of Unix) of the printers that are
supported? I suppose there must be for CUPS (printing service) to offer
a drop-down list of printers when you set one up manually if the
auto-detection fails.

On 11/03/2022 16:32, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

https://www.openprinting.org/printer/Epson/Epson-WF-2510_Series

"works perfectly"

Thank-you both gentlemen.

Don't thank me too soon. I note that is *86 only, and does not include
an ARM binary, or source.

HOWEVER when you install CUPS you may find that there is a close
alternative, or ot may be that the *86 package includes a PPD file,
which is a text level description of yet printer capabilities and
commands to invoke them.

In general to access a network printer you need tow elements to be
defined - the actual network level protocol, and a CUPS PPD file.

Most printers will respond to the HP jet direct protocol on port 9000.
And most printers have an inbuilt web server that you can access to set
up protocols and IP addresses and so on.

The best thing with linux is to switch everything smart off, set the
printer on a fixed IP address and use ONE protocol. 'Raw socket or IPP '
is a good one.

Then use the standard printer install dialogue and tell CUPS/LINUX that
the printer is on that IP address using that protocol. CUPS will then
give you the chance to select what the printer is from a list. Pick the
neatest epson you can find, install it, and then edit the installed PPD
file if there are more features you want to enable.

Oh, look what I found..


https://github.com/liberodark/Print-PPD/raw/master/Epson/Epson-WF-2510_Series-epson-inkjet-printer-escpr.ppd.gz

A full PPD for that printer.

Unfortunately you still need a 'CUPS FILTER' file and that us *86 binary.

Hmm. THAT may well be available too.

$ sudo dpkg -i epson-inkjet-printer-escpr2_1.1.24_armhf.deb

etc...

Look I don't have time to delve further, but with a filter and a PPD you
should be there,




--
"I am inclined to tell the truth and dislike people who lie consistently.
This makes me unfit for the company of people of a Left persuasion, and
all women"

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

"The Natural Philosopher" <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote in message news:t0icad$4b5$1@dont-email.me...

The best thing with linux is to switch everything smart off, set the
printer on a fixed IP address and use ONE protocol. 'Raw socket or IPP '
is a good one.

And if I need to give anything a static IP address, I use the "reserved address" feature of most modern routers (when a device with a given MAC
address requests an IP, always give it this one) rather than setting it as static IP at the printer etc. This means that if I temporarily connect the printer to a different network, I won't run the risk of a) an IP in the
wrong subnet => no communication, or b) an IP which conflicts with one that
the different network's router is quite correctly handing out to something
else => neither device will work.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 13/03/2022 18:17, NY wrote:

"The Natural Philosopher" <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote in message news:t0icad$4b5$1@dont-email.me...

The best thing with linux is to switch everything smart off, set the
printer on a fixed IP address and use ONE protocol. 'Raw socket or IPP
' is a good one.

And if I need to give anything a static IP address, I use the "reserved address" feature of most modern routers (when a device with a given MAC address requests an IP, always give it this one) rather than setting it
as static IP at the printer etc. This means that if I temporarily
connect the printer to a different network, I won't run the risk of a)
an IP in the wrong subnet => no communication, or b) an IP which
conflicts with one that the different network's router is quite
correctly handing out to something else => neither device will work.

I often thought about that but, having grown up with static IP addresses
know how to do that easily enough, I have a reserved range for them set
up in the router.

--
"I guess a rattlesnake ain't risponsible fer bein' a rattlesnake, but ah
puts mah heel on um jess the same if'n I catches him around mah chillun".

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

"The Natural Philosopher" <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote in message news:t0n0fg$alq$2@dont-email.me...

On 13/03/2022 18:17, NY wrote:

"The Natural Philosopher" <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote in message
news:t0icad$4b5$1@dont-email.me...

The best thing with linux is to switch everything smart off, set the
printer on a fixed IP address and use ONE protocol. 'Raw socket or IPP ' >>> is a good one.

And if I need to give anything a static IP address, I use the "reserved
address" feature of most modern routers (when a device with a given MAC
address requests an IP, always give it this one) rather than setting it
as static IP at the printer etc. This means that if I temporarily connect
the printer to a different network, I won't run the risk of a) an IP in
the wrong subnet => no communication, or b) an IP which conflicts with
one that the different network's router is quite correctly handing out to
something else => neither device will work.

I often thought about that but, having grown up with static IP addresses
know how to do that easily enough, I have a reserved range for them set up
in the router.

I can remember the days before DHCP when every computer on a network had to
be given a unique IP address by configuring a static IP on that computer.
And if you wanted to communicate with another using its name, you needed a hosts file with a list of IPs and corresponding names. At work, each floor
of the building was given its own subnet - so floor 1 was 123.234.1.x, floor
2 was 123.234.2.x, etc (fictitious figures), and someone on each floor maintained the master hosts file for the floor. When a new computer was
added, everyone who wanted to use it had to update their own hosts file with the master one. There was a great temptation, if you needed to add a
computer temporarily and the hosts file owner was busy, to choose an address
in the same subnet that did not appear in the list - only to discover that someone else had done the same thing and had already nabbed that address.

DHCP (and an associated DNS for name-to-address mapping) was a great step forward, though there were problems if you needed to access a computer for
some traffic that didn't use DNS (eg a computer running a web server, or a printer), and those *were* configured with static IPs, using a part of the subnet which was not in the DHCP scope, as you say.

Now that most routers can reserve IP addresses, I leave all computers set to use DHCP, but I reserve specific addresses for certain devices. Security cameras are in one range, because I need a fixed IP for those so I can set
up port-forwarding rules in the router (forward 123.234.1.30:81 -> 192.168.1.3:80, 123.234.1.30:82 -> 192.168.1.4:80, 123.234.1.30:83 -> 192.168.1.5:80 etc, where 123.234.1.30 is the WAN address - which may
change, so DDNS is needed to map mydomain.com to the current WAN address
that the ISP has allocated). PCs go in another range, tablets/phones in another. No need for a lot of that, but it keeps thing organised!

I've been bitten too many times with IP address clashes to use static IP (configured at the computer) unless there is no alternative. About the only time I've needed to set a static IP is when configuring a device such as a security camera which comes pre-configured to use 192.168.10.1, when my
router uses 192.168.1.x, so I need to find spare network switch, connect
just the camera and my PC (which I give a static IP 192.168.10.2), access
the camera's web interface to change its IP to "use DHCP", likewise for my
PC, and then connect everything back to the router. Tedious, but there's no
way round it.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

Am 11.03.2022 um 15:21 schrieb gareth evans:

Before I (finally) get around to commissioning any of my RPis, 1, 2,
3 & 4 (Yes, really. All in untouched in their original boxes!) to
replace my ageing Microsoft-programmed laptop, does Raspbian have
support for network printers, in my case an Epson WF-2510?

I own exactly this printer and have no problems.

FW

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On a sunny day (Mon, 14 Mar 2022 09:49:06 -0000) it happened "NY" <me@privacy.invalid> wrote in <t0n33i$37h$1@dont-email.me>:

I've been bitten too many times with IP address clashes to use static IP >(configured at the computer) unless there is no alternative. About the only >time I've needed to set a static IP is when configuring a device such as a >security camera which comes pre-configured to use 192.168.10.1, when my >router uses 192.168.1.x, so I need to find spare network switch, connect
just the camera and my PC (which I give a static IP 192.168.10.2), access
the camera's web interface to change its IP to "use DHCP", likewise for my >PC, and then connect everything back to the router. Tedious, but there's no >way round it.

FYI I only use static IP adresses on my local network.
Killing dhcpd is in my start up scripts, that stuff is s nuisance.

Just imagine everybody's phone number changing al the time....
:-)

I have many scripts that send data to other computers (raspis, light controllor,
servers, what not) some even use netcat.
Why make things complicated that can be done simple.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 2022-03-14, Jan Panteltje <pNaonStpealmtje@yahoo.com> wrote:

On a sunny day (Mon, 14 Mar 2022 09:49:06 -0000) it happened "NY"
<me@privacy.invalid> wrote in <t0n33i$37h$1@dont-email.me>:

I've been bitten too many times with IP address clashes to use static IP >>(configured at the computer) unless there is no alternative. About the only >>time I've needed to set a static IP is when configuring a device such as a >>security camera which comes pre-configured to use 192.168.10.1, when my >>router uses 192.168.1.x, so I need to find spare network switch, connect >>just the camera and my PC (which I give a static IP 192.168.10.2), access >>the camera's web interface to change its IP to "use DHCP", likewise for my >>PC, and then connect everything back to the router. Tedious, but there's no >>way round it.

FYI I only use static IP adresses on my local network.
Killing dhcpd is in my start up scripts, that stuff is s nuisance.

Me too. Ethernet wired machines configured with a fixed IP, or for mobile wireless devices I configure my dhcp server to server them up a fixed
IP address. There is a use for dhcp :-)

Just imagine everybody's phone number changing al the time....
:-)

Indeed

I have many scripts that send data to other computers (raspis, light controllor,
servers, what not) some even use netcat.
Why make things complicated that can be done simple.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

"Jan Panteltje" <pNaonStpealmtje@yahoo.com> wrote in message news:t0nbm5$l6t$1@dont-email.me...

On a sunny day (Mon, 14 Mar 2022 09:49:06 -0000) it happened "NY" <me@privacy.invalid> wrote in <t0n33i$37h$1@dont-email.me>:

I've been bitten too many times with IP address clashes to use static IP >>(configured at the computer) unless there is no alternative. About the
only
time I've needed to set a static IP is when configuring a device such as a >>security camera which comes pre-configured to use 192.168.10.1, when my >>router uses 192.168.1.x, so I need to find spare network switch, connect >>just the camera and my PC (which I give a static IP 192.168.10.2), access >>the camera's web interface to change its IP to "use DHCP", likewise for my >>PC, and then connect everything back to the router. Tedious, but there's
no
way round it.

FYI I only use static IP adresses on my local network.
Killing dhcpd is in my start up scripts, that stuff is s nuisance.

Just imagine everybody's phone number changing al the time....
:-)

I have many scripts that send data to other computers (raspis, light controllor,
servers, what not) some even use netcat.
Why make things complicated that can be done simple.

I agree with giving some computers reserved addresses if you may need to
access them by IP rather than by computer name because the name service
won't resolve for all types of computer than may need to access them.
Windows PCs seem to be able to access by name even after a router is
rebooted and/or its DNS cache is cleared. But other operating systems such
as Android and iPad often can't resolve by name so if I need to access an
HTTP web interface for software on my Pis, I usually configure everything to use http://128.168.1.x:9981 etc rather than http://martin-pi4:9981.

If one computer doesn't need to access another one, or if the name service
is sufficient for it to work, then it doesn't matter what IP a computer has today. It's only servers that need fixed IP addresses.

But I prefer to achieve this reserving of IP addresses at the router rather than at each device. In particular, a portable device such as a phone,
tablet or laptop will almost certainly need to be used on networks other
than the one in your home, so you can't fix its IP address for its wifi interface. AFAIK, an IP is fixed for the interface, not for the specific
SSID of the network, so you can't fix the IP when connected to your home
SSID but allow it to get the IP by DHCP for any other SSID.

The other week I had to change my network fairly radically which required changing from 10.120.1.x to 192.168.1.x, for reasons which are fairly complicated but boil down to wanting one DHCP/DNS rather than two cascaded
(one on Linksys Velop and one on VDSL router) in the hope that it would cure
an obscure problem (*). It would have been a right pain if I've had to
change the static IP on every single computer on the network. Instead I
copied the address reservations from 10.120.1.x to 192.120.1.x (I kept the
same "x" for a given computer because I'd learned that 72 and 73 were my two Pis etc).

To use your telephone analogy, the allocation of phone numbers is done at
the exchange by allocating a given number to a given line-pair. If the
number had to be changed (eg adding a new prefix digit such as changing 0532 671xxx to 0113 2671xxx on PhONEday) it is done centrally at the exchange:
you don't have to go round to everyone's house to change a phone number allocation on the phone.


(*) It didn't: after about a month of flawless service, I'm back to certain Adnroid and iPad devices not being able to access one specific web site,
which isn't cured by rebooting router or phone/tablet, or clearing browser caches. Why it only affects some devices, one specific (public) web server
and my VDSL connection (but not my phone's mobile internet) is still a
mystery.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On Mon, 14 Mar 2022 12:15:10 +0000, Jan Panteltje wrote:

FYI I only use static IP adresses on my local network.
Killing dhcpd is in my start up scripts, that stuff is s nuisance.

I effectively use static addresses on my LAN because I also find moving addresses to be a nuisance, but do it by running a private DNS (named) on
my house server, alongside my main MTA (postfix) and spamtrap
(spamassassin).

named was easy enough to install and set up. Adding or removing addresses
as the population of devices on my LAN changes is equally simple. I
prefer to name everything on my LAN and the named configuration is a
convenient central repository for that stuff.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On a sunny day (Mon, 14 Mar 2022 13:24:54 -0000) it happened "NY" <me@privacy.invalid> wrote in <t0nfoc$bun$1@dont-email.me>:

"Jan Panteltje" <pNaonStpealmtje@yahoo.com> wrote in message >news:t0nbm5$l6t$1@dont-email.me...

On a sunny day (Mon, 14 Mar 2022 09:49:06 -0000) it happened "NY"
<me@privacy.invalid> wrote in <t0n33i$37h$1@dont-email.me>:

I've been bitten too many times with IP address clashes to use static IP >>>(configured at the computer) unless there is no alternative. About the >>>only
time I've needed to set a static IP is when configuring a device such as a >>>security camera which comes pre-configured to use 192.168.10.1, when my >>>router uses 192.168.1.x, so I need to find spare network switch, connect >>>just the camera and my PC (which I give a static IP 192.168.10.2), access >>>the camera's web interface to change its IP to "use DHCP", likewise for my >>>PC, and then connect everything back to the router. Tedious, but there's >>>no
way round it.

FYI I only use static IP adresses on my local network.
Killing dhcpd is in my start up scripts, that stuff is s nuisance.

Just imagine everybody's phone number changing al the time....
:-)

I have many scripts that send data to other computers (raspis, light
controllor,
servers, what not) some even use netcat.
Why make things complicated that can be done simple.

I agree with giving some computers reserved addresses if you may need to >access them by IP rather than by computer name because the name service
won't resolve for all types of computer than may need to access them.
Windows PCs seem to be able to access by name even after a router is
rebooted and/or its DNS cache is cleared. But other operating systems such
as Android and iPad often can't resolve by name so if I need to access an >HTTP web interface for software on my Pis, I usually configure everything to >use http://128.168.1.x:9981 etc rather than http://martin-pi4:9981.

Sure, I admit to sometimes starting dhcpd when I connect my Android to the Linksys WiFi modem I have
to the LAN.
Last time was last year I think...
Wifi was one hacked here I think, because strange things happened, now everything is wired.
Hacking WiFi is something any kid can download scripts for.

For remote control of things I have one remote keyboard like this:
https://www.ebay.com/itm/165257677105
Just leave the mosue in an xterm, and give any command.
Normaly I have a script running in that xterm that allows me set set volume and select music that way.
Raspi recognizes it just like a an other keyboard.
Mine has al the function keys too.. older model.

If one computer doesn't need to access another one, or if the name service
is sufficient for it to work, then it doesn't matter what IP a computer has >today. It's only servers that need fixed IP addresses.

But I prefer to achieve this reserving of IP addresses at the router rather >than at each device. In particular, a portable device such as a phone,
tablet or laptop will almost certainly need to be used on networks other
than the one in your home, so you can't fix its IP address for its wifi >interface. AFAIK, an IP is fixed for the interface, not for the specific
SSID of the network, so you can't fix the IP when connected to your home
SSID but allow it to get the IP by DHCP for any other SSID.

The other week I had to change my network fairly radically which required >changing from 10.120.1.x to 192.168.1.x, for reasons which are fairly >complicated but boil down to wanting one DHCP/DNS rather than two cascaded >(one on Linksys Velop and one on VDSL router) in the hope that it would cure >an obscure problem (*). It would have been a right pain if I've had to
change the static IP on every single computer on the network. Instead I >copied the address reservations from 10.120.1.x to 192.120.1.x (I kept the >same "x" for a given computer because I'd learned that 72 and 73 were my two >Pis etc).

To use your telephone analogy, the allocation of phone numbers is done at
the exchange by allocating a given number to a given line-pair. If the
number had to be changed (eg adding a new prefix digit such as changing 0532 >671xxx to 0113 2671xxx on PhONEday) it is done centrally at the exchange:
you don't have to go round to everyone's house to change a phone number >allocation on the phone.

(*) It didn't: after about a month of flawless service, I'm back to certain >Adnroid and iPad devices not being able to access one specific web site, >which isn't cured by rebooting router or phone/tablet, or clearing browser >caches. Why it only affects some devices, one specific (public) web server >and my VDSL connection (but not my phone's mobile internet) is still a >mystery.

I was trying to access rt.com (Russia English website) from my laptop this morning
and got 'browser refused'.
Then I tried Chromium or a Rp4 and it worked.
May have been temporary, worked yesterday.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On Sun, 13 Mar 2022 18:17:45 -0000
"NY" <me@privacy.invalid> wrote:

And if I need to give anything a static IP address, I use the "reserved address" feature of most modern routers (when a device with a given MAC address requests an IP, always give it this one)

I've running dnsmasq to handle my LAN DHCP and DNS needs since the
days when my router was a 256MB Raspberry Pi B - these days it's a second
hand ex-office PC (gigabit fibre needs a fast router) but it still runs
dnsmasq to dole out the static and dynamic IP addresses on the LAN. Only the router itself and the service jails have static IPs. For the jails it's set
in the jail configuration rather than being handed out by DHCP because
they all use the same NIC, but I have names for them all in dnsmasq (well hosts.d/lan.hosts).

I *really* don't miss editing zone files.

--
Steve O'Hara-Smith
Odds and Ends at http://www.sohara.org/

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

Re: Re: Printer support?
By: Jan Panteltje to me@privacy.invalid on Mon Mar 14 2022 12:15 pm

FYI I only use static IP adresses on my local network.
Killing dhcpd is in my start up scripts, that stuff is s nuisance.

Just imagine everybody's phone number changing al the time....
:-)

I have many scripts that send data to other computers (raspis, light controllor,
servers, what not) some even use netcat.
Why make things complicated that can be done simple.

I also like everything keeping the same IP if possible.

Suffices to say that, at home, I have a LAN segment just for myself in which every device uses static IPs and static ARP. The rest of the family may have all the DHCP they want :-)

When I want to manage a moderate ammount of computers at job I find it easier to use static DHCP leases.

--
gopher://gopher.richardfalken.com/1/richardfalken
--- SBBSecho 3.15-Linux
* Origin: Palantir * palantirbbs.ddns.net * Pensacola, FL * (1:123/115)

On 14/03/2022 10:23, F. W. wrote:

Am 11.03.2022 um 15:21 schrieb gareth evans:

Before I (finally) get around to commissioning any of my RPis, 1, 2,
3 & 4 (Yes, really. All in untouched in their original boxes!) to
replace my ageing Microsoft-programmed laptop, does Raspbian have
support for network printers, in my case an Epson WF-2510?

I own exactly this printer and have no problems.

FW

And you also access it from an ARM based Pi?

--
Karl Marx said religion is the opium of the people.
But Marxism is the crack cocaine.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 14/03/2022 09:49, NY wrote:

About the only time I've needed to set a static IP is when configuring a device such as a security camera which comes pre-configured to use 192.168.10.1, when my router uses 192.168.1.x, so I need to find spare network switch, connect just the camera and my PC (which I give a static
IP 192.168.10.2), access the camera's web interface to change its IP to
"use DHCP", likewise for my PC, and then connect everything back to the router. Tedious, but there's no way round it.

Actually, with Linux (And Unix) , there absolutely *is*.

Adding a second IP address to an Ethernet port is trivial, especially if
you don't want it to persist after a reboot.

It used to be something like (sudo) ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.27/24 up

I think today its more like (sudo) ip addr add 192.168.20.27/24 dev eth0

Anyway this allows you to add a (static) address temporarily to the same network the offending device is on, and use a browser to talk to it



--
Climate Change: Socialism wearing a lab coat.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 14/03/2022 12:15, Jan Panteltje wrote:

On a sunny day (Mon, 14 Mar 2022 09:49:06 -0000) it happened "NY" <me@privacy.invalid> wrote in <t0n33i$37h$1@dont-email.me>:

I've been bitten too many times with IP address clashes to use static IP
(configured at the computer) unless there is no alternative. About the only >> time I've needed to set a static IP is when configuring a device such as a >> security camera which comes pre-configured to use 192.168.10.1, when my
router uses 192.168.1.x, so I need to find spare network switch, connect
just the camera and my PC (which I give a static IP 192.168.10.2), access
the camera's web interface to change its IP to "use DHCP", likewise for my >> PC, and then connect everything back to the router. Tedious, but there's no >> way round it.

FYI I only use static IP adresses on my local network.
Killing dhcpd is in my start up scripts, that stuff is s nuisance.

Just imagine everybody's phone number changing al the time....
:-)

Perfectly fine if you never have to phone them ! :-)

I leave DHCP running so that 'guests' can simply log into to the wifi or
plug into the Ethernet and they are up and away:
Servers and printers and routers/wifipoints live in the 'static space' I
have configured on the router DHCP.


So random desktops laptops phones TVs and suchlike are all on DHCP
somewhere between 192.168.0.0 and 192.168.0.99

Routes and wifi points are all static and above 192.168.0.240

servers and printers live in the space between 192.168.0.100 and
192.168.0.240

I don't run a local DNS any more as the network is pretty simple these
days - I went through a conscious 'box reduction' exercise a few years
back. I just use host files or simply the iP addresses.

I have many scripts that send data to other computers (raspis, light controllor,
servers, what not) some even use netcat.
Why make things complicated that can be done simple.

Well what is simple depends on what you are doing.

My network is there to allow me to have a central data and media server
- just the one - and one printer. These are the only 'servers' on the
network.

Bridges switches and routers are also staticed, but everything else is a client. Why make things difficult expecting e.g. a visitor with a laptop
set up a static IP.






--
Karl Marx said religion is the opium of the people.
But Marxism is the crack cocaine.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 15/03/2022 10:34, Axel Berger wrote:

The Natural Philosopher wrote:

These are the only 'servers' on the network.

I want to be able to access any file on any machine from whatever screen
and keyboard I happen to be sitting in front of at the moment.

Why? There are no files on any machines of any interest at all -
everything is on the server!


But never

mind, my router offers a "always give this MAC the same IP every time" setting. Guests and their phones may vary, but the number of my own
machines at home is pretty constant, so no need to come back to that
setting often. I have to do it once anyway, because the groups
"standard" and "my computers" have different filters and use of
blacklist.

The argument between 'set machines up statically' and 'assign fixed
addresses by DHCP' is almost totally balanced.

- the end result is identical
- the amount of configuration required is very similar .
- neither gets rid of the need for host files or DNS.
- the DHCP case is slightly more complicated if you change a network
card or motherboard.

In my case I don't change what has worked historically since really
before I had internet at all - when access was via a dial up modem on a
windows PC. And then ISDN on a Cisco router

Back then DHCP was almost unheard of. So a static home network was de
rigeur.
Then I progressed to a static home network with DHCP clients when
broadband appeared.





--
"What do you think about Gay Marriage?"
"I don't."
"Don't what?"
"Think about Gay Marriage."

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On a sunny day (Tue, 15 Mar 2022 10:04:42 +0000) it happened The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote in <t0pobr$hkm$1@dont-email.me>:

On 14/03/2022 09:49, NY wrote:

About the only time I've needed to set a static IP is when configuring a
device such as a security camera which comes pre-configured to use
192.168.10.1, when my router uses 192.168.1.x, so I need to find spare
network switch, connect just the camera and my PC (which I give a static
IP 192.168.10.2), access the camera's web interface to change its IP to
"use DHCP", likewise for my PC, and then connect everything back to the
router. Tedious, but there's no way round it.

Actually, with Linux (And Unix) , there absolutely *is*.

Adding a second IP address to an Ethernet port is trivial, especially if
you don't want it to persist after a reboot.

It used to be something like (sudo) ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.27/24 up

Works perfectly here on RPi 4 8 GB:
raspi99: ~ # ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.178.100 up

raspi99: ~ # ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.178.99 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.178.255
ether dc:a6:32:f0:59:83 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 634271758 bytes 2275137581 (2.1 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 19 overruns 0 frame 4
TX packets 1066050593 bytes 3516943975 (3.2 GiB)
TX errors 165 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

eth0:1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.178.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.178.255
ether dc:a6:32:f0:59:83 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

raspi99: ~ # ifconfig eth0:1 down

raspi99: ~ # ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.178.99 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.178.255
ether dc:a6:32:f0:59:83 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 634282048 bytes 2289296890 (2.1 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 19 overruns 0 frame 4
TX packets 1066056032 bytes 3517249525 (3.2 GiB)
TX errors 165 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

I think today its more like (sudo) ip addr add 192.168.20.27/24 dev eth0

I am always root...
:-)

Anyway this allows you to add a (static) address temporarily to the same >network the offending device is on, and use a browser to talk to it

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

The Natural Philosopher wrote:

These are the only 'servers' on the network.

I want to be able to access any file on any machine from whatever screen
and keyboard I happen to be sitting in front of at the moment. But never
mind, my router offers a "always give this MAC the same IP every time"
setting. Guests and their phones may vary, but the number of my own
machines at home is pretty constant, so no need to come back to that
setting often. I have to do it once anyway, because the groups
"standard" and "my computers" have different filters and use of
blacklist.


--
/�\ No | Dipl.-Ing. F. Axel Berger Tel: +49/ 221/ 7771 8067
\ / HTML | Roald-Amundsen-Stra�e 2a Fax: +49/ 221/ 7771 8069
�X in | D-50829 K�ln-Ossendorf http://berger-odenthal.de
/ \ Mail | -- No unannounced, large, binary attachments, please! --

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

Am 15.03.2022 um 11:05 schrieb The Natural Philosopher:

On 14/03/2022 10:23, F. W. wrote:

Am 11.03.2022 um 15:21 schrieb gareth evans:

Before I (finally) get around to commissioning any of my RPis, 1, 2,
3 & 4 (Yes, really. All in untouched in their original boxes!) to
replace my ageing Microsoft-programmed laptop, does Raspbian have
support for network printers, in my case an Epson WF-2510?

I own exactly this printer and have no problems.

FW

And you also access it from an ARM based Pi?

Yes from my 400. The new Zero WH do not work correctly.

FW

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On Tue, 15 Mar 2022 10:04:42 +0000
The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote:

It used to be something like (sudo) ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.27/24 up

Still is with ifconfig installed.

I think today its more like (sudo) ip addr add 192.168.20.27/24 dev eth0

I have never understood this game of replacing standard commands
used across many operating systems with "ooh shiny new syntax".

--
Steve O'Hara-Smith
Odds and Ends at http://www.sohara.org/

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 15/03/2022 13:48, Ahem A Rivet's Shot wrote:

On Tue, 15 Mar 2022 10:04:42 +0000
The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote:

It used to be something like (sudo) ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.27/24 up

Still is with ifconfig installed.

I think today its more like (sudo) ip addr add 192.168.20.27/24 dev eth0

I have never understood this game of replacing standard commands
used across many operating systems with "ooh shiny new syntax".

Don't let Poettering hear you say that!


"NEW shiny thing make everything all better, say clever science man
yesterday.

Science man say shiny thing is telly and books. And good for seeing
photos of you and everyone, and also naked people who do mucky things.

Science man say shiny thing ‘changes game’ and now all the other science men must go away and be sad.

Science man say: “All things everyone have are rubbish. Look! Telly and books! That will be £900 please thank you.”

Nikki, a girl who has had 27 birthdays and works in a big building, say: “Oooooooooh. It do telly. I will see telly on it and make it help me buy
nice hats.

“And look! It fit in bag where I have keys and little talkie box and red
goo I put on face.”

Tom, all grown-up man from busy place, say: “I very busy man who need
see telly on big metal tube that take me to busy job. But look! It also
play game! I play noisy game on metal tube and be happy.”

And Bill, really, really old man who sits in chair all day, say: “It
make words happen by pointing at it. Oooooooooh. I will make it help me
say clever words to newspaper about gypsies and Pakistan.

“AND IT DO TELLY!”

HTT the Daily Mash. 11 years ago....when smart phones were a novelty

All Hail New Shiny Thing!


--
There’s a mighty big difference between good, sound reasons and reasons
that sound good.

Burton Hillis (William Vaughn, American columnist)

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

But never

mind, my router offers a "always give this MAC the same IP every time" setting. Guests and their phones may vary, but the number of my own machines at home is pretty constant, so no need to come back to that setting often. I have to do it once anyway, because the groups
"standard" and "my computers" have different filters and use of
blacklist.

The argument between 'set machines up statically' and 'assign fixed
addresses by DHCP' is almost totally balanced.

- the end result is identical
- the amount of configuration required is very similar .
- neither gets rid of the need for host files or DNS.
- the DHCP case is slightly more complicated if you change a network
card or motherboard.

I have a laptop that sometimes goes on the road. On the road, it gets
whatever IP someone's DHCP server assigns. At home, I want it to have a
static IP so I can connect to/from it locally (usually by name). Having
the (static, local) IP set on my DHCP server makes transition from home
to on-the-road seamless.

The laptop has a configuration option that allows me to manually switch
from a home to a travelling profile. I always used to get reminded of
that the hard way.

Tom

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 16-03-2022 11:32, NY wrote:

"The Natural Philosopher" <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote:

Adding a second IP address to an Ethernet port is trivial, especially
if you don't want it to persist after a reboot.

It used to be something like (sudo) ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.27/24 up

I think today its more like (sudo) ip addr add 192.168.20.27/24 dev eth0

Anyway this allows you to add a (static) address temporarily to the
same network the offending device is on, and use a browser to talk to it

Well I never knew that. Does it just configure the OS to listen for *incoming* connections on the temporary IP? Does traffic from the PC to
an external device just get sent with the permanent IP, except in the
special case where it is in response to incoming traffic addressed to
the temporary IP? In other words, is Unix applying a bit on intelligence here?

Depends on the mask. The two interfaces/networks are completely
equivalent but they can't have overlapping "IP masks" or "DNS masks".
The network software knows where to route and what address to use by
checking the address and seeing in which mask it fits. Hence the "/24"
which means it's a network where the first three parts of the IPv4
address are always the same, because 3x 8 = 24 (because one part takes
up 8 bits).

There may be subtleties wrong with this explanation but that's the gist.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

"The Natural Philosopher" <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote in message news:t0pobr$hkm$1@dont-email.me...

On 14/03/2022 09:49, NY wrote:

About the only time I've needed to set a static IP is when configuring a
device such as a security camera which comes pre-configured to use
192.168.10.1, when my router uses 192.168.1.x, so I need to find spare
network switch, connect just the camera and my PC (which I give a static
IP 192.168.10.2), access the camera's web interface to change its IP to
"use DHCP", likewise for my PC, and then connect everything back to the
router. Tedious, but there's no way round it.

Actually, with Linux (And Unix) , there absolutely *is*.

Adding a second IP address to an Ethernet port is trivial, especially if
you don't want it to persist after a reboot.

It used to be something like (sudo) ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.27/24 up

I think today its more like (sudo) ip addr add 192.168.20.27/24 dev eth0

Anyway this allows you to add a (static) address temporarily to the same network the offending device is on, and use a browser to talk to it

Well I never knew that. Does it just configure the OS to listen for
*incoming* connections on the temporary IP? Does traffic from the PC to an external device just get sent with the permanent IP, except in the special
case where it is in response to incoming traffic addressed to the temporary
IP? In other words, is Unix applying a bit on intelligence here?

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 10:32:13 -0000
"NY" <me@privacy.invalid> wrote:

Well I never knew that. Does it just configure the OS to listen for *incoming* connections on the temporary IP? Does traffic from the PC to
an external device just get sent with the permanent IP, except in the

The two (or more) IP configurations are just that multiple configurations and should be to non overlapping subnets or to individual
hosts /32 so that the kernel can work out from the destination which local
IP address to use when assembling the initial packet (using a /32 for
multiple hosts in the same subnet is a bit of a hack - no outgoing packet
will match that network so only reply packets will go out carrying it as
the local address).

--
Steve O'Hara-Smith
Odds and Ends at http://www.sohara.org/

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 16/03/2022 10:32, NY wrote:

"The Natural Philosopher" <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote in message news:t0pobr$hkm$1@dont-email.me...

On 14/03/2022 09:49, NY wrote:

About the only time I've needed to set a static IP is when
configuring a device such as a security camera which comes
pre-configured to use 192.168.10.1, when my router uses 192.168.1.x,
so I need to find spare network switch, connect just the camera and
my PC (which I give a static IP 192.168.10.2), access the camera's
web interface to change its IP to "use DHCP", likewise for my PC, and
then connect everything back to the router. Tedious, but there's no
way round it.

Actually, with Linux (And Unix) , there absolutely *is*.

Adding a second IP address to an Ethernet port is trivial, especially
if you don't want it to persist after a reboot.

It used to be something like (sudo) ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.27/24 up

I think today its more like (sudo) ip addr add 192.168.20.27/24 dev eth0

Anyway this allows you to add a (static) address temporarily to the
same network the offending device is on, and use a browser to talk to it

Well I never knew that. Does it just configure the OS to listen for *incoming* connections on the temporary IP? Does traffic from the PC to
an external device just get sent with the permanent IP, except in the
special case where it is in response to incoming traffic addressed to
the temporary IP? In other words, is Unix applying a bit on intelligence here?

The point to understand here is that it is a fully functional network
address than can access any address in that class C 255 address wide network

BUT since the commuters default route is still pointing at presumably
your router, all other traffic will go that way instead.

In short the computer OS selects which return address to put in the
packet depending on its target address]

IF destination is new private network THEN mark packet as from new
private IP address

ELSE use default IP address in from address

Packets from both networks are received and vectored to whichever
process is bound to them.


--
In todays liberal progressive conflict-free education system, everyone
gets full Marx.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: Agency HUB, Dunedin - New Zealand | Fido<>Usenet Gateway (3:770/3)

On 16/03/2022 11:33, Ahem A Rivet's Shot wrote:

On Wed, 16 Mar 2022 10:32:13 -0000
"NY" <me@privacy.invalid> wrote:

Well I never knew that. Does it just configure the OS to listen for
*incoming* connections on the temporary IP? Does traffic from the PC to
an external device just get sent with the permanent IP, except in the

The two (or more) IP configurations are just that multiple configurations and should be to non overlapping subnets or to individual hosts /32 so that the kernel can work out from the destination which local
IP address to use when assembling the initial packet (using a /32 for multiple hosts in the same subnet is a bit of a hack - no outgoing packet will match that network so only reply packets will go out carrying it as
the local address).

It occurred to me that a small explanation of IP addressing and routing
might make things clearer. Those who know how to suck eggs please accept
my apologies.

Every IP packet carries a source destination and a target destination.
This comprises (in IPV4 land) a four octet (32 bit) IP address usually expressed as a dotted quad, and a similarly sized *port* address.
Unless subject to address translation, these are preserved across an end
to end connection.

The target IP address, however, is used at every router the packet
transits, to select the next hop destination.

Any routing interface that receives a packet whose destination is
unknown to it, either directly, or via a 'next hop' will return a
'destination unreachable' packet to the sender.

In the case of local networks, in the 192.168.*.* space, which is
reserved as a *private* space for up to 256 class C (256 sized)
networks, these packets are not route-able on the internet, and if you
send a packet with this address to the internet - your upstream ISP -
you will (should!) get a destination unreachable response.

IN a 256 sized network, two addresses have special meaning. So e.g.
192.168.0.0 refers not to a specific machine but to the *whole network*,
and e.g/ 192.168.0.255 is a *broadcast address* that will be sent to
every single machine on the network.

So in the context of a small private network with up to 253 machines on
it, the standard configurations will be one of these class Cs, with one
of the address being that of a router which connects it to the internet.

Ignoring the complexities of net masks, every machine will have, or be
assigned an IP address , a net mask, and a default route, and that
default route will be the internet router, so that every device on the
network when trying to send to an address not in the network, will send
it to the router, as the 'next hop'. In return the router will know on
which Ethernet address any given IP address is to be found, so can
accurately return packets from remote hosts to the correct machine.

If you wish to add another network, one way to do it is to put an extra interface on the router. The router then 'knows' where that network is,
and can route packets to it.

But the issue here was simply to access a piece of kit that happened to
be on a different network address - there is no need to reconfigure the
router - but to simply add a volatile interface to a single machine.

It works because *all* IP stacks understand more than one interface card
and more than one interface address and have a basic (static) routing
function built in to them, so that e.g. a packet for a given network
will always be routed via the interface (physical or virtual) that has
that network address bound to it, just as packets for every unknown
network (one that the system does NOT have an interface bound to) will
be sent to the next hop defined in the static default route.

Multiple interfaces will have different processes bound to them, if a
packet for a wrong interface or IP address is recieved, it will be
discarded, if it arrives on a physical interface that has more than one
IP address bound to it, it will be sent to the process which is both
bound to it, and whose port is bound to the destination port of the
incoming packet.

So the incoming packet algorithm is to look for a combination of IP
address and IP port that corresponds to the incoming packets
destination. If a process matching those exists, the packet will be
passed to it. If not it will be bounced or silently discarded.

The outgoing algorithm is to select an interface that has either the
default route for the packet destination address, or the interface that
matches the network of the destination address.

Now consider the situation one of my engineers once encountered when
two interfaces were present and *each one* of them had a default route
attached to it.

Gotta love Windows NT .....not!

The exactly 50% packet loss was a but of a giveaway. ...

--
When plunder becomes a way of life for a group of men in a society, over
the course of time they create for themselves a legal system that
authorizes it and a moral code that glorifies it.

Frédéric Bastiat

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