Hi there!
A big joint release today. Mostly security fixes but we also have the final release candidate of 3.13 so let’s start with that!
Python 3.13.0RC2

Final opportunity to test and find any show-stopper bugs before we bless and release 3.13.0 final on October 1st.

Get it here: Python Release Python 3.13.0rc2 | Python.org <https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-3130rc2/>
Call to action

We strongly encourage maintainers of third-party Python projects to prepare their projects for 3.13 compatibilities during this phase, and where necessary publish Python 3.13 wheels on PyPI to be ready for the final release of 3.13.0. Any binary wheels
built against Python 3.13.0rc2 will work with future versions of Python 3.13. As always, report any issues to the Python bug tracker <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues>.

Please keep in mind that this is a preview release and while it’s as close to the final release as we can get it, its use is notrecommended for production environments.

Core developers: time to work on documentation now

Are all your changes properly documented?
Are they mentioned in What’s New <https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html>?
Did you notice other changes you know of to have insufficient documentation?
As a reminder, until the final release of 3.13.0, the 3.13 branch is set up so that the Release Manager (@thomas <https://discuss.python.org/u/thomas>) has to merge the changes. Please add him (@Yhg1s on GitHub) to any changes you think should go into 3.
13.0. At this point, unless something critical comes up, it should really be documentation only. Other changes (including tests) will be pushed to 3.13.1.

New features in Python 3.13

A new and improved interactive interpreter <https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#a-better-interactive-interpreter>, based on PyPy <https://pypy.org/>’s, featuring multi-line editing and color support, as well as colorized exception
tracebacks <https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#improved-error-messages>.
An experimental free-threaded build mode <https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#free-threaded-cpython>, which disables the Global Interpreter Lock, allowing threads to run more concurrently. The build mode is available as an experimental
feature in the Windows and macOS installers as well.
A preliminary, experimental JIT <https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#experimental-jit-compiler>, providing the ground work for significant performance improvements.
The locals() builtin function (and its C equivalent) now has well-defined semantics when mutating the returned mapping <https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#defined-mutation-semantics-for-locals>, which allows debuggers to operate more
consistently.
The (cyclic) garbage collector is now incremental <https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#incremental-garbage-collection>, which should mean shorter pauses for collection in programs with a lot of objects.
A modified version of mimalloc <https://github.com/microsoft/mimalloc> is now included, optional but enabled by default if supported by the platform, and required for the free-threaded build mode.
Docstrings now have their leading indentation stripped <https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#other-language-changes>, reducing memory use and the size of .pyc files. (Most tools handling docstrings already strip leading indentation.)
The dbm module <https://docs.python.org/3.13/library/dbm.html> has a new dbm.sqlite3 backend <https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#dbm> that is used by default when creating new files.
The minimum supported macOS version was changed from 10.9 to 10.13 (High Sierra). Older macOS versions will not be supported going forward.
WASI is now a Tier 2 supported platform <https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/#tier-2>. Emscripten is no longer an officially supported platform <https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/#no-longer-supported-platforms> (but Pyodide <https://pyodide.org/>continues to
support Emscripten).
iOS is now a Tier 3 supported platform <https://peps.python.org/pep-0730/>, with Android on the way as well <https://peps.python.org/pep-0738/>.
Python 3.12.6

This is an expedited release for 3.12 due to security content. The schedule returns back to regular programming in October.

One notable change for macOS users: as mentioned in the previous release of 3.12, this release drops support for macOS versions 10.9 through 10.12. Versions of macOS older than 10.13 haven’t been supported by Apple since 2019, and maintaining support
for them has become too difficult. (All versions of Python 3.13 have already dropped support for them.)

Get it here: Python Release Python 3.12.6 | Python.org <https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-3126/>
92 commits.

Python 3.11.10

Python 3.11 joins the elite club of security-only versions with no binary installers.

Get it here: Python Release Python 3.11.10 | Python.org <https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-31110/>
28 commits.

Python 3.10.15

Get it here: Python Release Python 3.10.15 | Python.org <https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-31015/>
24 commits.

Python 3.9.20

Get it here: Python Release Python 3.9.20 | Python.org <https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-3920/>
22 commits.

Python 3.8.20

Python 3.8 is very close to End of Life (see the Release Schedule <https://peps.python.org/pep-0569/>). Will this be the last release of 3.8 ever? We’ll see… but now I think I jinxed it.

Get it here: Python Release Python 3.8.20 | Python.org <https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-3820/>
22 commits.

Security content in today’s releases

gh-123678 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/123678> and gh-116741 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/116741>: Upgrade bundled libexpat to 2.6.3 to fix CVE-2024-28757 <https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ch5v-h69f-mxc8>, CVE-2024-45490 <
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4hvh-m426-wv8w>, CVE-2024-45491 <https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-784x-7qm2-gp97> and CVE-2024-45492 <https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-5qxm-qvmj-8v79>.
gh-118486 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118486>: os.mkdir() <https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#os.mkdir> on Windows now accepts mode of 0o700 to restrict the new directory to the current user. This fixes CVE-2024-4030 affecting
tempfile.mkdtemp() <https://docs.python.org/3/library/tempfile.html#tempfile.mkdtemp> in scenarios where the base temporary directory is more permissive than the default.
gh-123067 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/123067>: Fix quadratic complexity in parsing "-quoted cookie values with backslashes by http.cookies <https://docs.python.org/3/library/http.cookies.html#module-http.cookies>. Fixes CVE-2024-7592.
gh-113171 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113171>: Fixed various false positives and false negatives in IPv4Address.is_private, IPv4Address.is_global, IPv6Address.is_private, IPv6Address.is_global. Fixes CVE-2024-4032.
gh-67693 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/67693>: Fix urllib.parse.urlunparse() <https://docs.python.org/3/library/urllib.parse.html#urllib.parse.urlunparse> and urllib.parse.urlunsplit() <https://docs.python.org/3/library/urllib.parse.html#
urllib.parse.urlunsplit> for URIs with path starting with multiple slashes and no authority. Fixes CVE-2015-2104.
gh-121957 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/121957>: Fixed missing audit events around interactive use of Python, now also properly firing for python -i, as well as for python -m asyncio. The event in question is cpython.run_stdin.
gh-122133 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/122133>: Authenticate the socket connection for the socket.socketpair() fallback on platforms where AF_UNIXis not available like Windows.
gh-121285 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/121285>: Remove backtracking from tarfile header parsing for hdrcharset, PAX, and GNU sparse headers. That’s CVE-2024-6232.
gh-114572 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/114572>: ssl.SSLContext.cert_store_stats() <https://docs.python.org/3/library/ssl.html#ssl.SSLContext.cert_store_stats> and ssl.SSLContext.get_ca_certs() <https://docs.python.org/3/library/ssl.html#ssl.
SSLContext.get_ca_certs> now correctly lock access to the certificate store, when the ssl.SSLContext <https://docs.python.org/3/library/ssl.html#ssl.SSLContext> is shared across multiple threads.
gh-102988 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/102988>: email.utils.getaddresses() <https://docs.python.org/3/library/email.utils.html#email.utils.getaddresses> and email.utils.parseaddr() <https://docs.python.org/3/library/email.utils.html#email.
utils.parseaddr> now return ('', '') 2-tuples in more situations where invalid email addresses are encountered instead of potentially inaccurate values. Add optional strict parameter to these two functions: use strict=False to get the old behavior,
accept malformed inputs. getattr(email.utils, 'supports_strict_parsing', False) can be use to check if the strict paramater is available. This improves the CVE-2023-27043 fix.
gh-123270 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/123270>: Sanitize names in zipfile.Path <https://docs.python.org/3/library/zipfile.html#zipfile.Path> to avoid infinite loops (gh-122905 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/122905>) without
breaking contents using legitimate characters. That’s CVE-2024-8088. gh-121650 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/121650>: email <https://docs.python.org/3/library/email.html#module-email> headers with embedded newlines are now quoted on output. The generator <https://docs.python.org/3/library/email.generator.html#
module-email.generator> will now refuse to serialize (write) headers that are unsafely folded or delimited; see verify_generated_headers <https://docs.python.org/3/library/email.policy.html#email.policy.Policy.verify_generated_headers>. That’s CVE-2024-
6923.
gh-119690 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/119690>: Fixes data type confusion in audit events raised by _winapi.CreateFile and _winapi.CreateNamedPipe.
gh-116773 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/116773>: Fix instances of <_overlapped.Overlapped object at 0xXXX> still has pending operation at deallocation, the process may crash.
gh-112275 <https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112275>: A deadlock involving pystate.c’s HEAD_LOCK in posixmodule.c at fork is now fixed.
Stay safe and upgrade!

Upgrading is highly recommended to all users of affected versions.

Thank you for your support

Thanks to all of the many volunteers who help make Python Development and these releases possible! Please consider supporting our efforts by volunteering yourself or through organization contributions to the Python Software Foundation.

--
Łukasz Langa @ambv <https://discuss.python.org/u/ambv>
on behalf of your friendly release team,

Ned Deily @nad <https://discuss.python.org/u/nad>
Steve Dower @steve.dower <https://discuss.python.org/u/steve.dower>
Pablo Galindo Salgado @pablogsal <https://discuss.python.org/u/pablogsal> Łukasz Langa @ambv <https://discuss.python.org/u/ambv>
Thomas Wouters @thomas <https://discuss.python.org/u/thomas>
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