• Rewriting SSA. Is This A Chance For GNU/Linux?

    From Farley Flud@21:1/5 to All on Sat Mar 29 09:38:04 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy, comp.os.linux.hardawe

    Elon Musk, the super dumb-fuck retard with a face that resembles
    a horse's ass, wants to rewrite the entire software base of the
    Social Security Administration:

    https://www.wired.com/story/doge-rebuild-social-security-administration-cobol-benefits/

    Could this be a magnificent opportunity for GNU/Linux and FOSS?

    Naw. That ugly dumb-fuck wants to use Java.

    What? No Rust? I already hear the beatniks moaning.

    Heck. I would have recommended Python. It would cut down the
    programming time, and programmers, by 10,000 per cent.

    Who cares if it takes 20 years for the cost-of-living increase
    to process.

    Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha!



    --
    Systemd: made by assholes for assholes.

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  • From c186282@21:1/5 to Farley Flud on Sun Mar 30 03:42:18 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On 3/29/25 5:38 AM, Farley Flud wrote:
    Elon Musk, the super dumb-fuck retard with a face that resembles
    a horse's ass, wants to rewrite the entire software base of the
    Social Security Administration:

    https://www.wired.com/story/doge-rebuild-social-security-administration-cobol-benefits/

    You mean "Elon Musk, the relatively handsome ultra-smart
    person", of course :-)

    As for the SSA (and IRS) ... reports are that they're
    STILL using 1960s computers for certain operations and
    thus really can't integrate anything.

    While I'm all for old hardware that still serves, in
    these cases, well ....... probably all COBOL too.

    The prob with that old COBOL is that most was writ
    by VERY good narrow-tie guys and works perfectly.
    As such any tweak these days represents high
    anxiety - the chance of blowing up What Just Works.

    Trust Gen-Z doing re-writes ???

    Could this be a magnificent opportunity for GNU/Linux and FOSS?

    Naw. That ugly dumb-fuck wants to use Java.

    What? No Rust? I already hear the beatniks moaning.


    Ummmmmmm ... I'd rather use Rust than fuckin' JAVA :-)

    Still not sure why you hate Rust over all else. It is
    an 'unnecessary' lang - not THAT diff from 'C' - but
    it's not evil.

    Hey, maybe Musk will compromise ... how about ERLANG ?

    Oh wait, it's govt ... so BrainFuck instead ! :-)

    Heck. I would have recommended Python. It would cut down the
    programming time, and programmers, by 10,000 per cent.

    Likely.

    Python these days is almost infinitely capable. Not
    everyone likes it, but 'works' means 'WORKS'. Yea yea,
    some things you can do in half the code using 'C', but
    'C' is not nearly as 'readable' and can hide MANY mistakes.
    Even M$ can't get all the bugs out ... find THIS weeks
    list of potential buffer overflow attacks ........

    Who cares if it takes 20 years for the cost-of-living increase
    to process.

    Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha!

    Well, Trump will nix inflation ... so no COLA needed !

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  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to All on Sun Mar 30 17:58:05 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On Sun, 30 Mar 2025 03:42:18 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    As for the SSA (and IRS) ... reports are that they're STILL using
    1960s computers for certain operations and thus really can't
    integrate anything.

    https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2025/03/what-could-possibly-go-wrong- doge-to-rapidly-rebuild-social-security-codebase/

    I've never dealt with SSA other than as a consumer. However I have had to
    deal with the DOI's IMARS (Incident Management Analysis and Reporting
    System) that was deployed around 2012. Great fun!

    Then there is the FBI's NIBRS (National Incident Based Reporting System)
    that is meant to replace the UCR (Uniform Crime Reports) system that went
    back to the 1920s. The format for submitting data is a moving target and
    crime in the US is under-reported since many agencies can't manage to
    submit their data successfully.

    Based on those two, I give the chance of updating the SSA system in less
    than 10 years a very low probability. The US government's attention span
    is more like 10 days than 10 years so good luck. Unlike the other two CFs
    I have a personal interest in continuing to receive my checks every month.

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  • From pothead@21:1/5 to rbowman on Mon Mar 31 03:08:02 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On 2025-03-30, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
    On Sun, 30 Mar 2025 03:42:18 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    As for the SSA (and IRS) ... reports are that they're STILL using
    1960s computers for certain operations and thus really can't
    integrate anything.

    https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2025/03/what-could-possibly-go-wrong- doge-to-rapidly-rebuild-social-security-codebase/

    I've never dealt with SSA other than as a consumer. However I have had to deal with the DOI's IMARS (Incident Management Analysis and Reporting
    System) that was deployed around 2012. Great fun!

    Then there is the FBI's NIBRS (National Incident Based Reporting System)
    that is meant to replace the UCR (Uniform Crime Reports) system that went back to the 1920s. The format for submitting data is a moving target and crime in the US is under-reported since many agencies can't manage to
    submit their data successfully.

    Based on those two, I give the chance of updating the SSA system in less
    than 10 years a very low probability. The US government's attention span
    is more like 10 days than 10 years so good luck. Unlike the other two CFs
    I have a personal interest in continuing to receive my checks every month.

    Financial institutions are still running COBOL as well as other legacy
    systems like TPF.
    They also run Linux on mainframes in logical partitions.
    More recently is the adoption of the MongoDB platform which also runs on
    'old iron' mainframes.
    The once dead mainframe has made a huge comeback due to virtualization and reliability due to being N+1 at a minimum.
    However the big market is in storage devices and programming to support AI.

    the more things change, the more they seem to stay the same.



    --
    pothead
    Liberalism Is A Mental Disease
    Treat it accordingly <https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-14512427/Doctors-reveal-symptoms-Trump-Derangement-Syndrome-tell-youve-got-it.html>

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  • From c186282@21:1/5 to pothead on Mon Mar 31 03:38:52 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On 3/30/25 11:08 PM, pothead wrote:
    On 2025-03-30, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
    On Sun, 30 Mar 2025 03:42:18 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    As for the SSA (and IRS) ... reports are that they're STILL using
    1960s computers for certain operations and thus really can't
    integrate anything.

    https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2025/03/what-could-possibly-go-wrong-
    doge-to-rapidly-rebuild-social-security-codebase/

    Oh, I agree ... trying to "rapidly rebuild" the "Just Works"
    code-base is VERY risky. As said, most of those old COBOL
    apps on those old computers were basically PERFECT - and
    the fallout from being IMperfect is SEVERE - both politically
    and per-individual affected. Extreme caution is advised.

    BUT, on the flip, there ARE significant gains in more modern
    'integration'/linking - makes everything more smooth to the
    agencies, for consumers. Need far fewer govt employees.

    Double-flip ... makes it all the easier for Vlad/Xi/Kim to
    trash EVERYTHING in a single stroke.

    What, you expected ONE easy answer ??? It's never
    THAT easy !!! :-)

    I've never dealt with SSA other than as a consumer. However I have had to
    deal with the DOI's IMARS (Incident Management Analysis and Reporting
    System) that was deployed around 2012. Great fun!

    Then there is the FBI's NIBRS (National Incident Based Reporting System)
    that is meant to replace the UCR (Uniform Crime Reports) system that went
    back to the 1920s. The format for submitting data is a moving target and
    crime in the US is under-reported since many agencies can't manage to
    submit their data successfully.

    Based on those two, I give the chance of updating the SSA system in less
    than 10 years a very low probability. The US government's attention span
    is more like 10 days than 10 years so good luck. Unlike the other two CFs
    I have a personal interest in continuing to receive my checks every month. >>
    Financial institutions are still running COBOL as well as other legacy systems like TPF.
    They also run Linux on mainframes in logical partitions.
    More recently is the adoption of the MongoDB platform which also runs on
    'old iron' mainframes.
    The once dead mainframe has made a huge comeback due to virtualization and reliability due to being N+1 at a minimum.
    However the big market is in storage devices and programming to support AI.

    the more things change, the more they seem to stay the same.

    As said, a LOT of the daily stuff these agencies do
    was originated on 1960s COBOL-fired hardware. The
    narrow-tie programmers back then were DAMNED GOOD
    at a level rarely seen these days (esp at M$).

    But, time and need marches on.

    However the govt/bureaucracy approach is "If it WORKS ...".
    I generally don't disagree, good is good. But yesteryears
    good MAY not meet today's needs/expectations alas.

    SOME people with GOOD/BROAD skills need to go over that
    60s codebase. Maybe NOT trust Gen-Z so much, eh ? Hell,
    they've never seen one line of COBOL and the work ethic
    is, well .... you'd do better with imports from Bangalore.

    Re-Write ... you'll all hate me ... I'm gonna suggest
    PYTHON first and RUST second. Python is infinitely
    capable these days, and readable. Rust is kinda a lot
    like 'C' - but 'C' can TOO easily hide LOTS of problems
    and back-doors and attack vectors (check this weeks M$
    list of buffer-overflow attacks).

    Ada ... umm ... NO. I've done a few 500 line apps in
    that and it's just TORTURE. I understand, but it's
    still just TORTURE. The ultra-anal approach makes
    even the smallest thing drag out FOREVER (which, of
    course, bcrats just LOVE). Programmers immediately
    have to write lots of cheats around its anal typing
    system or they'll go insane - which, of course, will
    defeat the intent.

    DID get a double-linked index list to other double-
    linked lists of dynamic data to work in Ada, but
    well GEEZ !!! Never again !

    Poor lady Lovelace ... what DID they do in your name ?

    The SSA/MEDICARE/IRS replacement code has to have it
    like 99.9% RIGHT the FIRST time - and we need that
    time VERY SOON. Musk isn't wrong ... but I'm not quite
    sure the intellectual MEANS exists anymore. This shit
    is BROAD and DEEP.

    DoD code ... kinda needs to be 100% right off the bat
    OR ELSE. Old enough to remember when Russian systems
    "detected" nuke launches from the USA ... only ONE
    Russian officer called foul - and was DEMOTED. The
    ORDER at the time was "Fire On Warning !". Yep,
    it's THAT bad.

    Maybe 'AI' can help ... but it'll be very hard to
    follow its 'thinking' on stuff, check up behind.

    And that's my take on it all. We NEED to 'move
    forwards', but there ARE some big gotchas.

    "It's time to give your vagina the support it needs"
    - this instant's TV commercial, really :-)

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  • From c186282@21:1/5 to pothead on Mon Mar 31 04:46:11 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On 3/30/25 11:08 PM, pothead wrote:
    On 2025-03-30, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
    On Sun, 30 Mar 2025 03:42:18 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    As for the SSA (and IRS) ... reports are that they're STILL using
    1960s computers for certain operations and thus really can't
    integrate anything.

    https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2025/03/what-could-possibly-go-wrong-
    doge-to-rapidly-rebuild-social-security-codebase/

    I've never dealt with SSA other than as a consumer. However I have had to
    deal with the DOI's IMARS (Incident Management Analysis and Reporting
    System) that was deployed around 2012. Great fun!

    Then there is the FBI's NIBRS (National Incident Based Reporting System)
    that is meant to replace the UCR (Uniform Crime Reports) system that went
    back to the 1920s. The format for submitting data is a moving target and
    crime in the US is under-reported since many agencies can't manage to
    submit their data successfully.

    Based on those two, I give the chance of updating the SSA system in less
    than 10 years a very low probability. The US government's attention span
    is more like 10 days than 10 years so good luck. Unlike the other two CFs
    I have a personal interest in continuing to receive my checks every month. >>
    Financial institutions are still running COBOL as well as other legacy systems like TPF.
    They also run Linux on mainframes in logical partitions.
    More recently is the adoption of the MongoDB platform which also runs on
    'old iron' mainframes.
    The once dead mainframe has made a huge comeback due to virtualization and reliability due to being N+1 at a minimum.
    However the big market is in storage devices and programming to support AI.

    the more things change, the more they seem to stay the same.

    The old COBOL code - writ by narrow-tie 60s geniuses - is
    gonna be HARD to replicate even WITH 'AI' help.

    What works, WORKS ... and bureaucracies will GO with that
    theme for as long as possible and a bit more.

    As I said elsewhere ... Python or RUST ... 'C' is just
    great BUT can too easily hide all kinds of faults and
    vulnerabilities. Check THIS week's list of M$ buffer-
    overflow vulnerabilities ..........

    'Ada' - no, No, NO ... it's a b-crats lang, takes FOREVER
    to produce anything. Just TORTURE.

    Sorry lady Lovelace .............

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    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@21:1/5 to pothead on Mon Mar 31 11:53:50 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On 31/03/2025 04:08, pothead wrote:
    On 2025-03-30, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
    On Sun, 30 Mar 2025 03:42:18 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    As for the SSA (and IRS) ... reports are that they're STILL using
    1960s computers for certain operations and thus really can't
    integrate anything.

    https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2025/03/what-could-possibly-go-wrong-
    doge-to-rapidly-rebuild-social-security-codebase/

    I've never dealt with SSA other than as a consumer. However I have had to
    deal with the DOI's IMARS (Incident Management Analysis and Reporting
    System) that was deployed around 2012. Great fun!

    Then there is the FBI's NIBRS (National Incident Based Reporting System)
    that is meant to replace the UCR (Uniform Crime Reports) system that went
    back to the 1920s. The format for submitting data is a moving target and
    crime in the US is under-reported since many agencies can't manage to
    submit their data successfully.

    Based on those two, I give the chance of updating the SSA system in less
    than 10 years a very low probability. The US government's attention span
    is more like 10 days than 10 years so good luck. Unlike the other two CFs
    I have a personal interest in continuing to receive my checks every month. >>
    Financial institutions are still running COBOL as well as other legacy systems like TPF.

    But probably on PCs running IBMS linux

    They also run Linux on mainframes in logical partitions.
    More recently is the adoption of the MongoDB platform which also runs on
    'old iron' mainframes.
    The once dead mainframe has made a huge comeback due to virtualization and reliability due to being N+1 at a minimum.
    It never went away really. Banks want their data *physically* secure in
    fully uninterruptible data centres.

    However the big market is in storage devices and programming to support AI.

    the more things change, the more they seem to stay the same.

    CPU power on the desk versus somewhere else has always been a compromise between cost and network bandwidth.

    In terms of maintenance of one big corporate program the centralised
    single program scores heavily

    In terms of one man doing CAD or videos editing a desktop with power
    scored every time.Although with gigabit the tradeoffs are changing



    --
    It’s easier to fool people than to convince them that they have been fooled. Mark Twain

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Carlos E.R.@21:1/5 to All on Wed Apr 2 22:46:00 2025
    On 2025-04-02 05:32, c186282 wrote:
    On 4/1/25 11:08 AM, -hh wrote:
    On 4/1/25 10:40, Robert Heller wrote:
    It should be noted that GnuCOBOL actually translates COBOL to C, and
    then
    compiles the C code with GnuC.  In *theory* one could just run the
    whole code
    base through GnuCOBOL and create a C code base, but good luck making
    much
    sense of the generated C code...

    I had to listen to a PMP rant all weekend about how profoundly stupid
    of a plan this is from DOGE,

      Musk's "plan" isn't bad ... per-se. As noted in a
      variety of news, some of those important federal
      agencies are STILL using 60s hardware & programming.

      The TRICK is getting any newer stuff RIGHT before it
      goes mainline. That old COBOL code was GREAT, never
      diss those narrow-tie Dilberts from the day.

      BUT ... as those COBOLs were kinda tweaked for the
      particular old boxes, no modern translation tool is
      gonna work worth a damn. It'll have to be HAND DONE,
      line by line, and done RIGHT. Forget Gen-Z/A2 and AI.

      As I said to be hated - PYTHON !  :-)

    So, to the complexity of handling old code, you add the complexities of translating to another language.

    Keep it simple: use today's COBOL. Less translation effort. Fewer errors.


    --
    Cheers, Carlos.

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  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to Carlos E.R. on Wed Apr 2 22:36:02 2025
    On Wed, 2 Apr 2025 22:46:00 +0200, Carlos E.R. wrote:

    So, to the complexity of handling old code, you add the complexities of translating to another language.

    Keep it simple: use today's COBOL. Less translation effort. Fewer
    errors.

    The problem may be finding competent COBOL programmers. That leads me to another question. Presumably the SSA and other government agencies
    currently employ COBOL programmers. What have they been doing the last
    fifty years?

    A more important question might be what have their managers been doing?
    There is no question a re-write would be very painful and expensive. For a government agency there isn't a market force to improve so what would
    trigger them doing anything to rock the boat?

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  • From David W. Hodgins@21:1/5 to rbowman on Thu Apr 3 02:00:30 2025
    On Wed, 02 Apr 2025 18:36:02 -0400, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:

    On Wed, 2 Apr 2025 22:46:00 +0200, Carlos E.R. wrote:

    So, to the complexity of handling old code, you add the complexities of
    translating to another language.

    Keep it simple: use today's COBOL. Less translation effort. Fewer
    errors.

    The problem may be finding competent COBOL programmers. That leads me to another question. Presumably the SSA and other government agencies
    currently employ COBOL programmers. What have they been doing the last
    fifty years?

    A more important question might be what have their managers been doing?
    There is no question a re-write would be very painful and expensive. For a government agency there isn't a market force to improve so what would
    trigger them doing anything to rock the boat?

    There is a lot more to those systems than just the COBOL programs.

    The data is in EBCDIC, not ASCII. Sequential files can be fixed or variable length.
    For fixed, the length of each record is specified in the file declaration, while for
    variable, the length is in the first bytes of each record. There is no character or
    combination of characters used to represent the end of a record.

    There can be ISAM and VSAM (indexed direct access) files, IMS (heirarchical) databases
    and data comunnication with MFS for the 3270 style screen handling, as well as DB2
    databases all used by those COBOL programs.

    The COBOL programs may have ASM subroutines for the parts that had to be highly optimized.

    The systems are constantly under maintenance due to changes imposed by governements
    regulations or due to interfaces with other systems such as pc or cloud usage.

    Regards, Dave Hodgins

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  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to David W. Hodgins on Thu Apr 3 07:28:07 2025
    On Thu, 03 Apr 2025 02:00:30 -0400, David W. Hodgins wrote:

    The data is in EBCDIC, not ASCII. Sequential files can be fixed or
    variable length. For fixed, the length of each record is specified in
    the file declaration, while for variable, the length is in the first
    bytes of each record. There is no character or combination of characters
    used to represent the end of a record.

    I don't see any of that to be a problem. Until quite recently a mid-
    western US state's criminal justice system used EBCDIC and the IBM
    protocol where the record lengths are specified in a known size hearer.
    When I wrote the interface it converted from ASCII to EBCDIC and vice
    versa on the fly. Lookup tables were necessary. I would hope all the data
    uses the same code page.

    All this is business as usual when dealing with data. Again hopefully they
    have maintained uniformity over the decades and it is not the situation of
    the Obamacare roll-out that had to deal with many companies and agencies
    that march to their own drummer.

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  • From The Natural Philosopher@21:1/5 to rbowman on Thu Apr 3 10:53:24 2025
    On 02/04/2025 23:36, rbowman wrote:
    On Wed, 2 Apr 2025 22:46:00 +0200, Carlos E.R. wrote:

    So, to the complexity of handling old code, you add the complexities of
    translating to another language.

    Keep it simple: use today's COBOL. Less translation effort. Fewer
    errors.

    The problem may be finding competent COBOL programmers. That leads me to another question. Presumably the SSA and other government agencies
    currently employ COBOL programmers. What have they been doing the last
    fifty years?

    A more important question might be what have their managers been doing?
    There is no question a re-write would be very painful and expensive. For a government agency there isn't a market force to improve so what would
    trigger them doing anything to rock the boat?

    The problem is that say 50 years ago someone brought in a COBOL house -
    might have been IBM - to analyse the business and write COBOL.

    Then they left.

    For a few years they paid a maintenance contract and those guys came
    back and fixed every bug and write all the extensions needed.

    The the accountants noticed that no one had called them in for two
    years, and cancelled the maintenance contract.

    And that was 40 years ago.

    And its worked ever since.

    Round wheels still work. Even wooden ones

    --
    There’s a mighty big difference between good, sound reasons and reasons
    that sound good.

    Burton Hillis (William Vaughn, American columnist)

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  • From c186282@21:1/5 to David W. Hodgins on Thu Apr 3 06:11:37 2025
    On 4/3/25 2:00 AM, David W. Hodgins wrote:
    On Wed, 02 Apr 2025 18:36:02 -0400, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:

    On Wed, 2 Apr 2025 22:46:00 +0200, Carlos E.R. wrote:

    So, to the complexity of handling old code, you add the complexities of
    translating to another language.

    Keep it simple: use today's COBOL. Less translation effort. Fewer
    errors.

    The problem may be finding competent COBOL programmers. That leads me to
    another question. Presumably the SSA and other government agencies
    currently employ COBOL programmers. What have they been doing the last
    fifty years?

    A more important question might be what have their managers been doing?
    There is no question a re-write would be very painful and expensive.
    For a
    government agency there isn't a market force to improve so what would
    trigger them doing anything to rock the boat?

    There is a lot more to those systems than just the COBOL programs.

    The data is in EBCDIC, not ASCII. Sequential files can be fixed or
    variable length.
    For fixed, the length of each record is specified in the file
    declaration, while for
    variable, the length is in the first bytes of each record. There is no character or
    combination of characters used to represent the end of a record.

    There can be ISAM and VSAM (indexed direct access) files, IMS
    (heirarchical) databases
    and data comunnication with MFS for the 3270 style screen handling, as
    well as DB2
    databases all used by those COBOL programs.

    The COBOL programs may have ASM subroutines for the parts that had to be highly
    optimized.

    The systems are constantly under maintenance due to changes imposed by governements
    regulations or due to interfaces with other systems such as pc or cloud usage.

    Regards, Dave Hodgins


    You're seeing the True Picture - It's *not* "easy" to
    re-write at all.

    And if you get it wrong there's all hell to pay.

    Which is why bcrats are hyper-conservative in these
    regards. They have good jobs/pensions to protect.

    IMHO, any re-write will HAVE to involve a 'parallel system'
    for awhile ... give it the same data, the same tasks, and
    eval if it's always doing the same thing as the old stuff.
    THEN, in a few years, quietly switch.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Carlos E.R.@21:1/5 to rbowman on Thu Apr 3 13:44:06 2025
    On 2025-04-03 00:36, rbowman wrote:
    On Wed, 2 Apr 2025 22:46:00 +0200, Carlos E.R. wrote:

    So, to the complexity of handling old code, you add the complexities of
    translating to another language.

    Keep it simple: use today's COBOL. Less translation effort. Fewer
    errors.

    The problem may be finding competent COBOL programmers. That leads me to another question. Presumably the SSA and other government agencies
    currently employ COBOL programmers. What have they been doing the last
    fifty years?

    So, train them.

    Think long term, train them, and offer them a long career, with a
    binding contract, so that it is worth their while. Something the current
    USA administration can not offer.

    And do this before the old gazers die and can not teach the recruits
    anymore.


    What have they been doing? Just coping.

    A more important question might be what have their managers been doing?
    There is no question a re-write would be very painful and expensive. For a government agency there isn't a market force to improve so what would
    trigger them doing anything to rock the boat?



    --
    Cheers, Carlos.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From David W. Hodgins@21:1/5 to c186282@nnada.net on Thu Apr 3 11:12:42 2025
    On Thu, 03 Apr 2025 06:11:37 -0400, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:
    <snip>
    You're seeing the True Picture - It's *not* "easy" to
    re-write at all.

    And if you get it wrong there's all hell to pay.

    Which is why bcrats are hyper-conservative in these
    regards. They have good jobs/pensions to protect.

    IMHO, any re-write will HAVE to involve a 'parallel system'
    for awhile ... give it the same data, the same tasks, and
    eval if it's always doing the same thing as the old stuff.
    THEN, in a few years, quietly switch.

    The problem is people come in who do not understand how many parts there are or are willing to spend the time to learn. They look at one small part such as the code
    for the main module, and think it's easy to convert.

    They rush the conversion, and only after they start using the new versions, learn that
    they missed or misunderstood many of the edge cases.

    They then get wrong results, but insist their results are correct!

    There are many languages used, not just COBOL Some of the ones I worked with include
    Fortran, PL/1, RPG III, Mark IV, ADF, ASM (360/370),

    Even simple looking things like MFS code for screen definitions has quirks that are not
    going to be obvious to anyone who has not encountered them.

    For example, in a 3270 style terminal where an input field is restricted to numeric, uppercase
    letters are still allowed.

    It's done that way to allow for signed numeric fields. In EBCDIC, the zoned decimal value for
    minus one and the capital letter D both use the same hexadecimal value. Plus one is "C".

    With edge cases, the problem is that the person doing the conversion doesn't understand that
    they exist, so they don't include them in test data, and don't encounter them during any parallel
    testing. Later, the system fails to handle the edge cases.

    Regards, Dave Hodgins

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  • From David W. Hodgins@21:1/5 to rbowman on Thu Apr 3 10:53:18 2025
    On Thu, 03 Apr 2025 03:28:07 -0400, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:

    On Thu, 03 Apr 2025 02:00:30 -0400, David W. Hodgins wrote:

    The data is in EBCDIC, not ASCII. Sequential files can be fixed or
    variable length. For fixed, the length of each record is specified in
    the file declaration, while for variable, the length is in the first
    bytes of each record. There is no character or combination of characters
    used to represent the end of a record.

    I don't see any of that to be a problem. Until quite recently a mid-
    western US state's criminal justice system used EBCDIC and the IBM
    protocol where the record lengths are specified in a known size hearer.
    When I wrote the interface it converted from ASCII to EBCDIC and vice
    versa on the fly. Lookup tables were necessary. I would hope all the data uses the same code page.

    All this is business as usual when dealing with data. Again hopefully they have maintained uniformity over the decades and it is not the situation of the Obamacare roll-out that had to deal with many companies and agencies
    that march to their own drummer.

    The conversion is easy once you have the data and fully understand the relationship
    between the various files and databases.

    Converting the use forward and reverse chile pointers in an IMS hierarchical database
    to the equivalent in DB2 databases can be done, provided the person doing the conversion understands the purpose and use of the pointers.

    Some of the PL/1 programs I worked on used 15 dimensional tables (the max allowed
    in PL/1).

    Learning the data structures used, both in databases and within programs takes time.
    There are Panvalet (and other) file storage systems in addition to the databases and
    "regular files".

    There are a lot of parts developed over decades that all have to keep working in
    conjunction with each other.

    Regards, Dave Hodgins

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From c186282@21:1/5 to David W. Hodgins on Thu Apr 3 12:20:31 2025
    On 4/3/25 11:12 AM, David W. Hodgins wrote:
    On Thu, 03 Apr 2025 06:11:37 -0400, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:
    <snip>
       You're seeing the True Picture - It's *not* "easy" to
       re-write at all.

       And if you get it wrong there's all hell to pay.

       Which is why bcrats are hyper-conservative in these
       regards. They have good jobs/pensions to protect.

       IMHO, any re-write will HAVE to involve a 'parallel system'
       for awhile ... give it the same data, the same tasks, and
       eval if it's always doing the same thing as the old stuff.
       THEN, in a few years, quietly switch.

    The problem is people come in who do not understand how many parts there
    are or
    are willing to spend the time to learn. They look at one small part such
    as the code
    for the main module, and think it's easy to convert.

    They rush the conversion, and only after they start using the new
    versions, learn that
    they missed or misunderstood many of the edge cases.

    They then get wrong results, but insist their results are correct!

    There are many languages used, not just COBOL Some of the ones I worked
    with include
    Fortran, PL/1, RPG III, Mark IV, ADF, ASM (360/370),

    Even simple looking things like MFS code for screen definitions has
    quirks that are not
    going to be obvious to anyone who has not encountered them.

    For example, in a 3270 style terminal where an input field is restricted
    to numeric, uppercase
    letters are still allowed.

    It's done that way to allow for signed numeric fields. In EBCDIC, the
    zoned decimal value for
    minus one and the capital letter D both use the same hexadecimal value.
    Plus one is "C".

    With edge cases, the problem is that the person doing the conversion
    doesn't understand that
    they exist, so they don't include them in test data, and don't encounter
    them during any parallel
    testing. Later, the system fails to handle the edge cases.

    Regards, Dave Hodgins



    Aww ... just give 'em a copy of "COBOL For Total Idiots"
    and it'll all be just fine :-)

    Anyway, I do see where all those jagged little edges
    can totally confound anybody attempting conversions
    from the original sources.

    A sort of work-around is a functional understanding of
    the original - hardly ever look at the source - and then
    reproduce the function in a 'newer and better' lang/system.

    In short, GM didn't have to reproduce a Model-T, just
    have an idea of what cars were expected to do, what
    some of the parts should look kind-of look like. Then
    their own people could build a relative work-alike.

    Dealing with decades of the old RECORDS ... there's
    a pain regardless.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From David W. Hodgins@21:1/5 to c186282@nnada.net on Thu Apr 3 13:05:17 2025
    On Thu, 03 Apr 2025 12:20:31 -0400, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:
    <snip>
    Dealing with decades of the old RECORDS ... there's
    a pain regardless.

    I remember one of my first tasks in 1979 was converting a file from card storage to disk.

    14 boxes of Hollerith punch cards. One of the boxes, I found a pen in the box laying length
    ways under the middle of the cards. The cards had been punched either in a machine that
    did not have a printer included, or where the ribbon had dried out so the top of the cards
    did not have the printed equivalent of what was punched. I had to duplicate the cards by
    manually reading the punch codes. Had two other people verifying each card I punched.

    That was one of the worst data storage conversion I ever had to deal with.

    Regards, Dave Hodgins

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to All on Thu Apr 3 18:12:24 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On Thu, 3 Apr 2025 06:52:14 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    So yea, I can perfectly believe they're keeping 360s and such alive
    and working ...

    Technically the System/360 was succeeded by the System/370 in 1970. They skipped 380 and went to System/390. However there is a lot of backward compatibility so the Zs can run a lot of the legacy software.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to Carlos E.R. on Thu Apr 3 18:26:20 2025
    On Thu, 3 Apr 2025 13:44:06 +0200, Carlos E.R. wrote:

    Think long term, train them, and offer them a long career, with a
    binding contract, so that it is worth their while. Something the current
    USA administration can not offer.

    Maybe. I doubt you would get the best and brightest but that isn't what
    you would want anyway.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From c186282@21:1/5 to rbowman on Thu Apr 3 17:12:53 2025
    On 4/3/25 2:26 PM, rbowman wrote:
    On Thu, 3 Apr 2025 13:44:06 +0200, Carlos E.R. wrote:

    Think long term, train them, and offer them a long career, with a
    binding contract, so that it is worth their while. Something the current
    USA administration can not offer.

    Maybe. I doubt you would get the best and brightest but that isn't what
    you would want anyway.

    Note a significant SOCIAL shift in the USA as well.
    By the 80s people stopped being so interested in
    "careers" - they'd jump companies often, even jump
    job types.

    It's even worse now, seriously worse. Means nobody
    becomes "experts" in the usual sense of the word.

    Economic factors with corps also played a role -
    lots of mergers and breakups and outsourcing
    escalated in the 80s so even if you WANTED 50
    years with XYZ Inc the company would disappear
    LONG before that. Only the federal govt still
    offered the needed 'stability'.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to All on Fri Apr 4 00:03:14 2025
    On Thu, 3 Apr 2025 17:12:53 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    Note a significant SOCIAL shift in the USA as well.
    By the 80s people stopped being so interested in "careers" - they'd
    jump companies often, even jump job types.

    I never went looking for a career. My eyes would glaze over when potential employers would start talking about pension plans and so forth. It was
    always about the next challenge.

    I slowed down in my 50s, found a place I wanted to stay, and was lucky
    enough to find a job that required frequent new interfaces and gave me the latitude for my skunk works projects.

    It's been interesting but I guess I'm not going to get a gold watch.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to All on Fri Apr 4 00:16:57 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On Thu, 3 Apr 2025 16:38:57 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    The 360/370 boxes WERE really popular, so I'm gonna GUESS there's a
    least one or two still chugging away. Maint cost would be insane
    these days ... but you can kinda bury that in the budget while new
    hardware stands out more and in more places.

    I'm not sure there are any little old ladies left to knit magnetic core.
    The tape drives were fragile when new but they and the disk drives the
    size of a washing machine may have been replaced over the years. My mother
    had a plastic thing to keep layer cakes fresh that I was always reminded
    of by the 2311's removable media.

    https://d1yx3ys82bpsa0.cloudfront.net/groups/ibm-1311-2311.pdf

    7.5 MB!!! What can you ever use that much storage for? I bought a microSD
    last week for another RPi project. It's getting hard to find them less
    than 64 GB.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From c186282@21:1/5 to rbowman on Thu Apr 3 22:50:59 2025
    On 4/3/25 8:03 PM, rbowman wrote:
    On Thu, 3 Apr 2025 17:12:53 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    Note a significant SOCIAL shift in the USA as well.
    By the 80s people stopped being so interested in "careers" - they'd
    jump companies often, even jump job types.

    I never went looking for a career. My eyes would glaze over when potential employers would start talking about pension plans and so forth. It was
    always about the next challenge.

    I slowed down in my 50s, found a place I wanted to stay, and was lucky
    enough to find a job that required frequent new interfaces and gave me the latitude for my skunk works projects.

    It's been interesting but I guess I'm not going to get a gold watch.

    I got lucky and found a smallish but INTERESTING
    concern kinda early on. 40+ years later ....

    The latest boss wasn't interested in 'research'
    or DIY and hated the word "Linux" .... so it was
    time to retire. Just Office365 and Cloud ... like
    ALL the good ordinary places. Then you can't be
    "criticized" ........

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to All on Fri Apr 4 06:00:50 2025
    On Thu, 3 Apr 2025 22:50:59 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    The latest boss wasn't interested in 'research' or DIY and hated the
    word "Linux" .... so it was time to retire. Just Office365 and Cloud
    ... like ALL the good ordinary places. Then you can't be "criticized"
    ........

    The division I worked for retired. A few of the sites are on extended
    support so I pick up a few hours if I have to step in to help the
    remaining support people so I'm not 100% officially retired. I had no
    desire to move to the other division -- completely different culture.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to All on Fri Apr 4 05:54:17 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On Thu, 3 Apr 2025 23:03:09 -0400, c186282 wrote:

    And look REALLY cool in sci-fi movies !

    If you want kool:

    https://www.hackster.io/news/science-art-and-nostalgia-combined-hands-on- with-the-rc2014-mini-ii-picasso-8686eb339d59?mc_cid=fbe60fc614

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From c186282@21:1/5 to The Natural Philosopher on Fri Apr 4 08:30:23 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On 4/4/25 4:38 AM, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 04/04/2025 01:16, rbowman wrote:
    On Thu, 3 Apr 2025 16:38:57 -0400, c186282 wrote:

        The 360/370 boxes WERE really popular, so I'm gonna GUESS there's a >>>     least one or two still chugging away. Maint cost would be insane
        these days ... but you can kinda bury that in the budget while new >>>     hardware stands out more and in more places.

    I'm not sure there are any little old ladies left to knit magnetic core.

    Last time I looked they were little asian ladies wit teeny nimble fingers. Did all the coil winding in that factory.

    Look up "rope memory" :-)

    Hey, it flew us to the moon ...

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Richard Kettlewell@21:1/5 to sc@fiat-linux.fr on Sun Apr 6 10:14:43 2025
    Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> writes:
    Le 03-04-2025, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> a écrit :

    It's even worse now, seriously worse. Means nobody
    becomes "experts" in the usual sense of the word.

    I don't know why it's like that in the entire world, but in France, the reason is obvious. The company refuse to take into account technical
    skills. If you want to increase your salary, you have to switch to management. So, as nobody wants to become the most important guy in the company with the lowest salary, there is no more experts.

    I think the issue is general, and so are the exceptions to it. On the
    one hand I’ve heard similar complaints about UK and US employers. On the other hand when we were owned by a French company they were very clear
    about their grade structure branching into management and technical
    tracks past a certain point, and they did actually implement this; at no
    point did they make the mistake of asking me to do any line management.

    And most importantly, things evolved very fast, so if you become an
    expert on something which disappear, you switch very fast from very
    required guy to useless guy. So, before becoming an expert, you need to
    be sure your skills will stay useful until you retire. Which is
    difficult if you are young.

    Specializing in the wrong thing is certainly a risk. For any given
    technology it’s useful to be able to look past what its boosters (and detractors) say about it to whether it does anything useful in reality.

    --
    https://www.greenend.org.uk/rjk/

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From =?UTF-8?Q?St=C3=A9phane?= CARPENTIE@21:1/5 to All on Sun Apr 6 08:52:37 2025
    Le 03-04-2025, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> a écrit :

    It's even worse now, seriously worse. Means nobody
    becomes "experts" in the usual sense of the word.

    I don't know why it's like that in the entire world, but in France, the
    reason is obvious. The company refuse to take into account technical
    skills. If you want to increase your salary, you have to switch to
    management. So, as nobody wants to become the most important guy in the
    company with the lowest salary, there is no more experts.

    And most importantly, things evolved very fast, so if you become an
    expert on something which disappear, you switch very fast from very
    required guy to useless guy. So, before becoming an expert, you need to
    be sure your skills will stay useful until you retire. Which is
    difficult if you are young.

    --
    Si vous avez du temps à perdre :
    https://scarpet42.gitlab.io

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From =?UTF-8?Q?St=C3=A9phane?= CARPENTIE@21:1/5 to All on Sun Apr 6 11:13:49 2025
    Le 06-04-2025, Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> a écrit :
    Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> writes:
    Le 03-04-2025, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> a écrit :

    It's even worse now, seriously worse. Means nobody
    becomes "experts" in the usual sense of the word.

    I don't know why it's like that in the entire world, but in France, the
    reason is obvious. The company refuse to take into account technical
    skills. If you want to increase your salary, you have to switch to
    management. So, as nobody wants to become the most important guy in the
    company with the lowest salary, there is no more experts.

    I think the issue is general, and so are the exceptions to it. On the
    one hand I’ve heard similar complaints about UK and US employers.

    I'm not well informed on the US employers. I heard one can be a
    programmer in US with a very good salary which is impossible in France.
    I mean compared with a manager, not compared with a low job salary. Now,
    I know that in US the salary are higher than in France. Which is very
    good for a young guy without kid. For someone with kids, the difference
    in salary isn't as good. And for an older guy with health issues, the difference in salary isn't as good, neither.

    So, I don't really know and it's very difficult to compare the salaries
    between France and US because the taxes are very different.

    And most importantly, things evolved very fast, so if you become an
    expert on something which disappear, you switch very fast from very
    required guy to useless guy. So, before becoming an expert, you need to
    be sure your skills will stay useful until you retire. Which is
    difficult if you are young.

    Specializing in the wrong thing is certainly a risk. For any given
    technology it’s useful to be able to look past what its boosters (and detractors) say about it to whether it does anything useful in reality.

    It's very difficult to know how to specialize. And today more than ever
    because of the AI. One can know what AI can do today and what it can't
    do. But one can't know what it will be able to do tomorrow. And one
    can't know how it will be used tomorrow. One can have guesses, but one
    can't know. One thing is sure: some jobs will be impacted. For some jobs
    the impact can be easy to guess, but it remains a guess. Which can be
    proven wrong with AI evolution.

    I'm not saying AI are good or bad. I'm just saying AI will impact jobs.
    And I'm saying the impact is impossible to know for sure. Some can have
    strong opinion about it, it still remain some guess impossible to prove.

    --
    Si vous avez du temps à perdre :
    https://scarpet42.gitlab.io

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From =?UTF-8?Q?St=C3=A9phane?= CARPENTIE@21:1/5 to All on Sun Apr 6 12:17:46 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    [En-tête "Followup-To:" positionné à comp.os.linux.misc.]
    Le 06-04-2025, Farley Flud <ff@linux.rocks> a écrit :
    On 06 Apr 2025 08:59:33 GMT, Stéphane CARPENTIER wrote:

    Le 05-04-2025, Farley Flud <ff@linux.rocks> a écrit :

    No, but we can move to quantum computing, which may become
    a reality before too long.

    I heard about that before I was born.

    In the US, the NIST is already researching algorithms for "post-quantum cryptography:"

    https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/post-quantum-cryptography

    Yes, the algorithms are farther away from the computers. Doesn't that
    ring a bell?

    Quantum computing is definitely going to happen.

    Yes, I know. Soon. Very soon. It's almost there. I heard that before I was born.

    --
    Si vous avez du temps à perdre :
    https://scarpet42.gitlab.io

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to All on Sun Apr 6 16:58:22 2025
    On 06 Apr 2025 08:52:37 GMT, Stéphane CARPENTIER wrote:

    And most importantly, things evolved very fast, so if you become an
    expert on something which disappear, you switch very fast from very
    required guy to useless guy. So, before becoming an expert, you need to
    be sure your skills will stay useful until you retire. Which is
    difficult if you are young.

    You need to become an expert at keeping up.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Richard Kettlewell@21:1/5 to sc@fiat-linux.fr on Sun Apr 6 18:38:19 2025
    Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> writes:
    Le 06-04-2025, Farley Flud <ff@linux.rocks> a écrit :
    On 06 Apr 2025 08:59:33 GMT, Stéphane CARPENTIER wrote:
    Le 05-04-2025, Farley Flud <ff@linux.rocks> a écrit :

    No, but we can move to quantum computing, which may become
    a reality before too long.

    I heard about that before I was born.

    In the US, the NIST is already researching algorithms for "post-quantum
    cryptography:"

    https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/post-quantum-cryptography

    Yes, the algorithms are farther away from the computers. Doesn't that
    ring a bell?

    Not quite sure what the argument is here, but “already researching” is severely behind the times. Multiple PQC algorithms are well past the
    research stage, with finalized standards published in August and a
    couple more on the way. Adaptation of higher-level standards (APIs, PKI,
    etc) and adoption leading to deployment is well underway.

    Quantum computing is definitely going to happen.

    Yes, I know. Soon. Very soon. It's almost there. I heard that before I
    was born.

    I’m not sure anyone thinks quantum computing is “almost there” in the sense of e.g. a quantum computer big enough to break RSA existing this
    year. However the risk is real enough to be worth actively mitigating,
    both because we may not know when the first one is deployed and due to
    the “harvest now, decrypt later” strategy.

    --
    https://www.greenend.org.uk/rjk/

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From =?UTF-8?Q?St=C3=A9phane?= CARPENTIE@21:1/5 to All on Sun Apr 6 20:23:42 2025
    Le 06-04-2025, Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> a écrit :
    Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> writes:
    Le 06-04-2025, Farley Flud <ff@linux.rocks> a écrit :
    On 06 Apr 2025 08:59:33 GMT, Stéphane CARPENTIER wrote:
    Le 05-04-2025, Farley Flud <ff@linux.rocks> a écrit :

    No, but we can move to quantum computing, which may become
    a reality before too long.

    I heard about that before I was born.

    In the US, the NIST is already researching algorithms for "post-quantum
    cryptography:"

    https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/post-quantum-cryptography

    Yes, the algorithms are farther away from the computers. Doesn't that
    ring a bell?

    Not quite sure what the argument is here,

    I mean the algorithms are very well advanced. They just need a computer
    to switch from ready to usable.

    but “already researching” is
    severely behind the times. Multiple PQC algorithms are well past the
    research stage, with finalized standards published in August and a
    couple more on the way. Adaptation of higher-level standards (APIs, PKI,
    etc) and adoption leading to deployment is well underway.

    Yep. The algorithms. For the big computers, it's another story.

    Quantum computing is definitely going to happen.

    Yes, I know. Soon. Very soon. It's almost there. I heard that before I
    was born.

    I’m not sure anyone thinks quantum computing is “almost there” in the sense of e.g. a quantum computer big enough to break RSA existing this
    year.

    The one I was responding to does.

    However the risk is real enough to be worth actively mitigating,
    both because we may not know when the first one is deployed and due to
    the “harvest now, decrypt later” strategy.

    It depends on what you want to protect. Sometimes the information does
    need to be secret only for a short period. You never want anyone to know something, so yes, it's better to consider the quantum computer is
    already there, like that there won't be a surprise later.

    But the quantum computers aren't designed only to break RSA. And on
    other ways to use them, I'm far from sure waiting for them is always the
    best solution.

    --
    Si vous avez du temps à perdre :
    https://scarpet42.gitlab.io

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Richard Kettlewell@21:1/5 to sc@fiat-linux.fr on Sun Apr 6 23:14:16 2025
    Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> writes:
    Le 06-04-2025, Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> a écrit :
    Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> writes:
    Le 06-04-2025, Farley Flud <ff@linux.rocks> a écrit :
    On 06 Apr 2025 08:59:33 GMT, Stéphane CARPENTIER wrote:
    Le 05-04-2025, Farley Flud <ff@linux.rocks> a écrit :
    No, but we can move to quantum computing, which may become
    a reality before too long.

    I heard about that before I was born.

    In the US, the NIST is already researching algorithms for "post-quantum >>>> cryptography:"

    https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/post-quantum-cryptography

    Yes, the algorithms are farther away from the computers. Doesn't that
    ring a bell?

    Not quite sure what the argument is here,

    I mean the algorithms are very well advanced. They just need a computer
    to switch from ready to usable.

    They do not. PQC algorithms run on ordinary computers.

    but “already researching” is severely behind the times. Multiple PQC
    algorithms are well past the research stage, with finalized standards
    published in August and a couple more on the way. Adaptation of
    higher-level standards (APIs, PKI, etc) and adoption leading to
    deployment is well underway.

    Yep. The algorithms. For the big computers, it's another story.

    I suspect you (and perhaps the previous poster) have misunderstood what post-quantum cryptography is.

    --
    https://www.greenend.org.uk/rjk/

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From c186282@21:1/5 to All on Sun Apr 6 21:42:45 2025
    Ummm ... given option ... I'd rewrite SSA/IRS using
    one of the BSDs (maybe a commercial version) as the
    OS base ... not Linux. The BSDs are 'more stable'
    while Linux has a zillion distros/variants and now
    changes fundamental things too often, chasing the
    GUI 'customer base' too zealously.

    Hell, FreeBSD distros don't even COME with a GUI,
    you have to install it afterwards and tweak it in.

    Apple bought a commercial Unix and tweaked that into
    its current OS. RUMORS that M$ is on a similar path,
    albeit step-wise. Big Govt can/should do the same.

    Just sayin' ...

    Well, they could always use Plan-9 ... which ain't
    awful AND designed to link lots of servers and
    such together, kinda wasted on a single box. Saw
    a thing a couple years ago where the team was
    celebrating porting '9' over to those big black
    IBM super-server clusters. Those would run a
    large govt entity with room to spare.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From c186282@21:1/5 to Richard Kettlewell on Sun Apr 6 22:49:53 2025
    On 4/6/25 1:38 PM, Richard Kettlewell wrote:
    Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> writes:
    Le 06-04-2025, Farley Flud <ff@linux.rocks> a écrit :
    On 06 Apr 2025 08:59:33 GMT, Stéphane CARPENTIER wrote:
    Le 05-04-2025, Farley Flud <ff@linux.rocks> a écrit :

    No, but we can move to quantum computing, which may become
    a reality before too long.

    I heard about that before I was born.

    In the US, the NIST is already researching algorithms for "post-quantum
    cryptography:"

    https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/post-quantum-cryptography

    Yes, the algorithms are farther away from the computers. Doesn't that
    ring a bell?

    Not quite sure what the argument is here, but “already researching” is severely behind the times. Multiple PQC algorithms are well past the
    research stage, with finalized standards published in August and a
    couple more on the way. Adaptation of higher-level standards (APIs, PKI,
    etc) and adoption leading to deployment is well underway.

    Quantum computing is definitely going to happen.

    Yes, I know. Soon. Very soon. It's almost there. I heard that before I
    was born.

    I’m not sure anyone thinks quantum computing is “almost there” in the sense of e.g. a quantum computer big enough to break RSA existing this
    year. However the risk is real enough to be worth actively mitigating,
    both because we may not know when the first one is deployed and due to
    the “harvest now, decrypt later” strategy.

    Ok ... WITHIN LIMITS ... quantum DOES work. It IS good
    for breaking some kinds of common encryption (there ARE
    now quantum-resistant crypto algos - but beware spook
    back-doors).

    Alas quantum is VERY iffy and errors are still a huge problem.
    That may NOT be totally solvable, given the indeterminacy
    issue in QM. Wonder if it's possible to leverage one
    kind of indeterminacy against another as compensation ?

    But, as a 'general solution' ... do NOT see quantum
    as a mainstream computing tech. Big corps will RENT
    it, for big $$$, to entities that CAN make good use
    of the technique. Is NOT gonna be running yer laptop
    or phone.

    SSA/IRS ... as said elsewhere, "Linux" is too all over
    the place now. A commercial Unix is the better OS base.
    That's what Apple did, and what Big G should do.

    The replacement CODE ... either Python or, horrors,
    a BASIC with a compiler. Easy, readable, fair base
    of experts. Buy one of those big black IBM mainframe
    clusters and PARTY ON.

    Note that Plan-9 was ported over to those ... and
    it's designed for big/distributed systems.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Rich@21:1/5 to c186282@nnada.net on Mon Apr 7 03:33:43 2025
    c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:
    Ummm ... given option ... I'd rewrite SSA/IRS using
    one of the BSDs (maybe a commercial version) as the

    The problem that will be encountered in "rewriting" SSA or IRS is not
    the software.

    The problem area is the 'rule book' defining what the software is to
    do. The first problem is, there is no single "rule book" with which to
    refer. It is all spread over thousands of statutes that themselves
    have been patched plural (millions?) of times throughout the years both
    SSA and IRS have been around. If one could collect all the 'rules' of
    what should happen given specific inputs together into a single 'rule
    book' and print it out the result would likely be a 6 foot high stack
    of double sided US letter sheets of paper.

    And the rules will be things like (made up, but the actual rules are
    just as arcane):

    Person X receives 4.75% of their total SSA payments over their lifetime
    as pension, unless they are also a veteran, in which case they receive
    6.25%, but if they served in the Airborne rangers from 1975 to 1982
    they get an additional 1.27%, however if they also worked for the NSA
    from 1987 to 1993 they receive 1.87% less. However, for payments from
    1957 to 1962, they receive a 3.2% bonus, but for payments made from
    1967 to 1974 they take a 1.4% penalty. Further, if the payments were
    for self employment income from 1975 to 1986 they get a 3.2% bonus.
    Etc.

    Think about the arcane tax rules for what numbers to put where on the
    tax forms every year, the SSA rules are very much like the tax rules
    (because both have been created, piecemeal, over the course of decades,
    by different politicians getting patches to the statutes through
    congress).

    The problem that will be encountered is that the existing code base has
    been built up over the decades in concert with the politicans making
    changes, so both evolved in concert, and each change was incremental at
    the time. But trying to rewrite it all from the ground up is going to
    quickly hit the quagmire of exponential complexity just to understand
    all the rules about what to do when for some payment Y (or for some tax
    filing Z). The result will be something that either screws up royally
    at every result, or simply omits 95+% of all the arcane, interdependent,
    things the congres folk have added to the statutes over the decades
    (and someone loses their SS payment the statues say they should
    receive).

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From c186282@21:1/5 to Rich on Mon Apr 7 01:04:50 2025
    On 4/6/25 11:33 PM, Rich wrote:
    c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:
    Ummm ... given option ... I'd rewrite SSA/IRS using
    one of the BSDs (maybe a commercial version) as the

    The problem that will be encountered in "rewriting" SSA or IRS is not
    the software.


    Ummmmm ... kinda. It HAS to work, kinda flawlessly
    from the start. The political fallout from errors
    is TOO much.


    The problem area is the 'rule book' defining what the software is to
    do. The first problem is, there is no single "rule book" with which to refer. It is all spread over thousands of statutes that themselves
    have been patched plural (millions?) of times throughout the years both
    SSA and IRS have been around. If one could collect all the 'rules' of
    what should happen given specific inputs together into a single 'rule
    book' and print it out the result would likely be a 6 foot high stack
    of double sided US letter sheets of paper.


    "Federal laws/regs" have been tweaked and re-tweaked
    by politicians since the inception. They respond to
    'pressure groups', the 'squeaky wheel', who want SOME
    special path/exemption. This is Politics-As-Usual.

    The PROB is when you get like a CENTURY of this heaped
    upon itself .......

    How DO you write software for such a MESS ???


    And the rules will be things like (made up, but the actual rules are
    just as arcane):

    Person X receives 4.75% of their total SSA payments over their lifetime
    as pension, unless they are also a veteran, in which case they receive
    6.25%, but if they served in the Airborne rangers from 1975 to 1982
    they get an additional 1.27%, however if they also worked for the NSA
    from 1987 to 1993 they receive 1.87% less. However, for payments from
    1957 to 1962, they receive a 3.2% bonus, but for payments made from
    1967 to 1974 they take a 1.4% penalty. Further, if the payments were
    for self employment income from 1975 to 1986 they get a 3.2% bonus.
    Etc.

    Think about the arcane tax rules for what numbers to put where on the
    tax forms every year, the SSA rules are very much like the tax rules
    (because both have been created, piecemeal, over the course of decades,
    by different politicians getting patches to the statutes through
    congress).

    The problem that will be encountered is that the existing code base has
    been built up over the decades in concert with the politicans making
    changes, so both evolved in concert, and each change was incremental at
    the time. But trying to rewrite it all from the ground up is going to quickly hit the quagmire of exponential complexity just to understand
    all the rules about what to do when for some payment Y (or for some tax filing Z). The result will be something that either screws up royally
    at every result, or simply omits 95+% of all the arcane, interdependent, things the congres folk have added to the statutes over the decades
    (and someone loses their SS payment the statues say they should
    receive).

    The "existing code base" is mostly 60s COBOL so far as
    I can tell.

    It's been tweaked and tweaked and tweaked until it's
    a DISASTER nobody REALLY knows how to deal with.

    Whatever replaces it not only has to accommodate all
    the (oft ridiculous/illogical) tweaks but easily deal
    with any NEW tweaks in a sensible organized fashion.

    NOT easy at all.

    Hey, this is GOVERNMENT stuff ... not NASA calx.
    SUBJECTIVE results are paramount.

    Just one of those big black IBM mainframe clusters
    could run entire govt agencies - indeed even tie them
    together in an organized fashion. BUT, gotta have
    sensible underlying software/systems built on
    comprehensible, expandable, code.

    IS this possible - or did we create a MONSTER
    in the 60s ?

    The never-ending political tweaks ... a rule base
    COULD be implemented. This WILL include from/to/
    situational dates of relevance and such. GOTTA
    be easy to add new/over-riding rules.

    IMHO - I'm still gonna rec a UNIX base OS, then
    Python, maybe even BASIC, as the code base. All
    easy, no BS, no mystery, kinda self-doc. This
    should be good for another 50 years.

    After that ... it's gonna be all 'AI' and humans
    won't "get it" at all. Magic .......

    Anyway, anyone who thinks this is all EASY is
    full of it.

    Oh, valid arg, do you try to re-implement the
    current code base - or instead emulate what
    it DOES ? After consideration I trend towards
    the latter solution. Re-writing all that old
    COBOL would likely NOT yield good results ...
    so instead observe what it DOES - and write
    new code to do the same thing by alt means.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@21:1/5 to All on Mon Apr 7 11:56:10 2025
    On 07/04/2025 03:49, c186282 wrote:
    A commercial Unix is the better OS base.
      That's what Apple did, and what Big G should do.

    IIRC Apple OS/X is based on Free BSD


    --
    In todays liberal progressive conflict-free education system, everyone
    gets full Marx.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From c186282@21:1/5 to The Natural Philosopher on Mon Apr 7 07:08:30 2025
    On 4/7/25 6:56 AM, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 07/04/2025 03:49, c186282 wrote:
    A commercial Unix is the better OS base.
       That's what Apple did, and what Big G should do.

    IIRC Apple OS/X is based on Free BSD

    But a 'commercial' variant - kinda like RHEL is
    a commercial Linux variant. Apple PAID for it.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@21:1/5 to All on Mon Apr 7 12:20:47 2025
    On 07/04/2025 12:08, c186282 wrote:
    On 4/7/25 6:56 AM, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 07/04/2025 03:49, c186282 wrote:
    A commercial Unix is the better OS base.
       That's what Apple did, and what Big G should do.

    IIRC Apple OS/X is based on Free BSD

      But a 'commercial' variant - kinda like RHEL is
      a commercial Linux variant. Apple PAID for it.
    Evidence?

    --
    "If you don’t read the news paper, you are un-informed. If you read the
    news paper, you are mis-informed."

    Mark Twain

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Farley Flud@21:1/5 to All on Tue Apr 8 11:59:33 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    On Mon, 07 Apr 2025 17:59:45 -0400, c186282 wrote:


    Indeed ! However ... probably COULD be done, it's
    a bunch of shifting values - input to some accts,
    calx ops, shift to other accts ....... lots and
    lots of rheostats ........


    How is conditional branching (e.g. an if-then-else statement)
    to be implemented with analog circuits? It cannot be
    done.

    Analog computers are good for modelling systems that are
    described by differential equations. Adders, differentiators,
    and integrators can all be easily implemented with electronic
    circuits. But beyond differential equation sytems analog
    computers are useless.

    The Norden bomb site of WWII wan an electro-mechanical
    computer. It's job was to calculate the trajectory of
    a bomb released by an aircraft and the trajectory is described
    by a differential equation.

    One of my professors told a story about a common "analog"
    practice among engineers of the past. To calculate an integral,
    which can be described as the area under a curve, they would plot
    the curve on well made paper and then cut out (with scissors)
    the plotted area and weigh it (on a lab balance). The ratio
    of the cut-out area with a unit area of paper would be the
    value of the integral. (Multi-dimensional integrals would
    require carving blocks of balsa wood or a similar material.)

    Of course it worked but today integration is easy to perform
    to unlimited accuracy using digital means.


    --
    Hail Linux! Hail FOSS! Hail Stallman!

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Lawrence D'Oliveiro@21:1/5 to All on Fri May 30 07:22:51 2025
    XPost: comp.os.linux.advocacy

    Well, I guess that’s over, now that Elon Musk has left the building.
    That’s the end of DOGE, without “saving” anywhere near the trillion dollars he originally promised.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Bobbie Sellers@21:1/5 to The Natural Philosopher on Sat May 31 14:04:50 2025
    On 5/30/25 16:33, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 30/05/2025 20:21, % wrote:
    Joel wrote:
    John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> wrote:
    On Fri, 30 May 2025 07:22:51 -0000 (UTC)
    Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    Well, I guess that’s over, now that Elon Musk has left the building. >>>>> That’s the end of DOGE, without “saving” anywhere near the trillion >>>>> dollars he originally promised.

    Comes as a *total* shock, lemmetellya.


    Let's say they had cut that much with this DOGE BS (not that it's 100%
    a stupid idea, of course, but they were not approaching very
    rationally), wouldn't the proposed tax breaks offset it?  Wouldn't we
    still be spending a large fortune every year on the damn military?

    no because there would be tariffs that go to trumps pocket

    Military spending is pretty low in reality.

    It is not low but the latest tools are fabulously expensive though as un-piloted aircraft take the load off bombers and fighters whose pilots
    will go to observational planes to check out the accuracy of our unmanned devices.



    And it is a *pragmatic* program, whereas so much is spent on purely
    *moral* initiatives to employ people who think they can therefore tell
    how to run your life better than you can yourself.


    So spending millions then on ineffective equipment was worth it to find out that
    unarmored personal carriers for example waste the lives of trained and
    equipped
    soldiers combined with home built explosive devices.

    Pragmatically we need to return to a world in which civilian contractors are
    extraneous to the missions. Civilian contractors not only who build
    less effective
    weapons and vehicles but who enrich themselves by selling the next
    "great thing"
    to the generals. Civilian contractors who are empowered to ignore the
    military rules
    of engagement and are uncivil to the indigenous populations and persons.

    bliss



    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@21:1/5 to Bobbie Sellers on Sat May 31 22:47:56 2025
    On 31/05/2025 22:04, Bobbie Sellers wrote:


    On 5/30/25 16:33, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 30/05/2025 20:21, % wrote:
    Joel wrote:
    John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> wrote:
    On Fri, 30 May 2025 07:22:51 -0000 (UTC) Lawrence D'Oliveiro
    <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    Well, I guess that’s over, now that Elon Musk has left the
    building. That’s the end of DOGE, without “saving” anywhere
    near the trillion dollars he originally promised.

    Comes as a *total* shock, lemmetellya.


    Let's say they had cut that much with this DOGE BS (not that
    it's 100% a stupid idea, of course, but they were not
    approaching very rationally), wouldn't the proposed tax breaks
    offset it? Wouldn't we still be spending a large fortune every
    year on the damn military?

    no because there would be tariffs that go to trumps pocket

    Military spending is pretty low in reality.

    It is not low but the latest tools are fabulously expensive though
    as un-piloted aircraft take the load off bombers and fighters whose
    pilots will go to observational planes to check out the accuracy of
    our unmanned devices.



    And it is a *pragmatic* program, whereas so much is spent on purely
    *moral* initiatives to employ people who think they can therefore
    tell how to run your life better than you can yourself.


    So spending millions then on ineffective equipment was worth it to
    find out that unarmored personal carriers for example waste the lives
    of trained and equipped soldiers combined with home built explosive
    devices.

    about 90% of *all* government spending is wasted.
    Did you know that in WWII the chief means of German logistics was horses ?

    "Over the course of the war, Germany (2.75 million) and the Soviet Union
    (3.5 million) together employed more than six million horses. "

    Russia has gone back to Donkeys. You can eat donkeys and horses with
    you cant do with a personnell carrier.

    The USA were always dumb fucks who never listened.

    We TOLD them in 43 that B17s would get shot out of the sky in daylight
    raids, but oh no, they thought they had enough defensive armament.

    After Ireland and the IRA we knew pretty much how to protect soldiers
    from IEDS

    Did they listen? Nah.


    Pragmatically we need to return to a world in which civilian
    contractors are extraneous to the missions. Civilian contractors not
    only who build less effective weapons and vehicles but who enrich
    themselves by selling the next "great thing" to the generals.
    Civilian contractors who are empowered to ignore the military rules
    of engagement and are uncivil to the indigenous populations and
    persons.

    The problem is that no one knows what the next war will be like until
    they are in it.
    AS it happens probably the most useful thing right now after the
    homebuilt drones in Ukraine, has been the Bradley fighting vehicle.

    Built by BAE Systems US division.

    The Bushmaster cannon is very effective against Russian armour, which is admittedly crap.

    But for every Bradley, there is a useless Abrams tank, and some useless
    F35s.

    The obsolete ATACMS too has proved extremely useful.

    IN order to get stuff that works, you have to build a lot of stuff, and
    then when war happens you stop building the dogs and throw money at
    stuff that works.

    That's how life works, and especially politics, You just fuck around
    until something actually works, then do more of it an pretend that was
    the idea all along.

    The USA has always wasted money on everything until they found stuff
    that worked. In Europe we haven't got the cash to waste, so we tend to
    plan out how do do more for less.

    The ARM architecture was developed by a bunch of guys in Cambridge some
    of whom I know, who basically wanted something as cheap and simple as a
    6502 because they couldn't afford to fabricate a huge chip, that
    nevertheless would run blindingly fast compared with a z80.

    And they spent ages deciding on what instruction set would fit into a
    tiny architecture and still be flexible and useful.

    INTEL just threw money at making chips with massive instruction sets
    that cost a bloody fortune

    Its just the way you make use of what you have, USA is 10 times the size
    of the UK with population, but 100 times more land area, and 1000 times
    more natural resources. Its hard to avoid being rich in the USA and you
    don't even need to be clever.

    UK has no natural resources left, so it has to be smart instead..






    --
    “Some people like to travel by train because it combines the slowness of
    a car with the cramped public exposure of 
an airplane.”

    Dennis Miller

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Bobbie Sellers@21:1/5 to The Natural Philosopher on Sat May 31 14:54:18 2025
    On 5/31/25 14:47, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 31/05/2025 22:04, Bobbie Sellers wrote:


    On 5/30/25 16:33, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 30/05/2025 20:21, % wrote:
    Joel wrote:
    John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> wrote:
    On Fri, 30 May 2025 07:22:51 -0000 (UTC) Lawrence D'Oliveiro
    <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    Well, I guess that’s over, now that Elon Musk has left the
    building. That’s the end of DOGE, without “saving” anywhere >>>>>>> near the trillion dollars he originally promised.

    Comes as a *total* shock, lemmetellya.


    Let's say they had cut that much with this DOGE BS (not that
    it's 100% a stupid idea, of course, but they were not
    approaching very rationally), wouldn't the proposed tax breaks
    offset it?  Wouldn't we still be spending a large fortune every
    year on the damn military?

    no because there would be tariffs that go to trumps pocket

    Military spending is pretty low in reality.

    It is not low but the latest tools are fabulously expensive though
    as un-piloted aircraft take the load off bombers and fighters whose
    pilots will go to observational planes to check out the accuracy of
    our unmanned devices.



    And it is a *pragmatic* program, whereas so much is spent on purely
     *moral* initiatives to employ people who think they can therefore
    tell how to run your life better than you can yourself.


    So spending millions then on ineffective equipment was worth it to
    find out that unarmored personal carriers for example waste the lives
    of trained and equipped soldiers combined with home built explosive
    devices.

    about 90% of *all* government spending is wasted.

    Balobney and hooey.


    Did you know that in WWII the chief means of German logistics was horses ?

    "Over the course of the war, Germany (2.75 million) and the Soviet Union
    (3.5 million) together employed more than six million horses. "

    Russia has gone back to Donkeys.  You can eat donkeys and horses with
    you cant do with a personnell carrier.

    The USA were always dumb fucks who never listened.

    We TOLD them in 43 that B17s would get shot out of the sky in daylight
    raids, but oh no, they thought they had enough defensive armament.

    After Ireland and the IRA we knew pretty much how to protect soldiers
    from IEDS

    Did they listen? Nah.


    Pragmatically we need to return to a world in which civilian
    contractors are extraneous to the missions.  Civilian contractors not
    only who build less effective weapons and vehicles but who enrich
    themselves by selling the next "great thing" to the generals.
    Civilian contractors who are empowered to ignore the military rules of
    engagement and are uncivil to the indigenous populations and
    persons.

    The problem is that no one knows what the next war will be like until
    they are in it.
    AS it happens probably the most useful thing right now after the
    homebuilt drones in Ukraine, has been the Bradley fighting vehicle.

    Built by BAE Systems US division.

    The Bushmaster cannon is very effective against Russian armour, which is admittedly crap.

    But for every Bradley, there is a useless Abrams tank, and some useless
    F35s.

    The obsolete ATACMS too has proved extremely useful.

    IN order to get stuff that works, you have to build a lot of stuff, and
    then when war happens you stop building the dogs and throw money at
    stuff that works.

     That's how life works, and especially  politics, You just fuck around until something actually works, then do more of it an pretend that was
    the idea all along.

    The USA has always wasted money on everything until they found stuff
    that worked. In Europe we haven't got the cash to waste, so we tend to
    plan out how do do more for less.

    The ARM architecture was developed by a bunch of guys in Cambridge some
    of whom I know, who basically wanted something as cheap and simple as a
    6502 because they couldn't afford to fabricate a huge chip, that
    nevertheless would run blindingly fast compared with a z80.

    And they spent ages deciding on what instruction set would fit into a
    tiny architecture and still be flexible and useful.

    INTEL just threw money at making chips with massive instruction sets
    that cost a bloody fortune

    Its just the way you make use of what you have, USA is 10 times the size
    of the UK with population, but 100 times more land area, and 1000 times
    more natural resources.  Its hard to avoid being rich in the USA and you don't even need to be clever.

    UK has no natural resources left, so it has to be smart instead..

    Brexit was smart?

    I never thought so.

    bliss

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@21:1/5 to Bobbie Sellers on Sat May 31 23:26:32 2025
    On 31/05/2025 22:54, Bobbie Sellers wrote:
    UK has no natural resources left, so it has to be smart instead..

        Brexit was smart?

        I never thought so.

    Well no, you were told it wasn't. YOu certainly didn't 'think' .

    But I'd reserve judgement until we actually *have* it.

    In about 3 years time

    --
    You can get much farther with a kind word and a gun than you can with a
    kind word alone.

    Al Capone

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  • From rbowman@21:1/5 to Bobbie Sellers on Sat May 31 23:08:05 2025
    On Sat, 31 May 2025 14:04:50 -0700, Bobbie Sellers wrote:

    Pragmatically we need to return to a world in which civilian contractors are extraneous to the missions. Civilian contractors not
    only who build less effective weapons and vehicles but who enrich
    themselves by selling the next "great thing"
    to the generals.

    Zumwalt, LCS (both versions), F-35 ...

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