• TeX and METAFONT

    From Stefan Ram@21:1/5 to All on Wed Aug 13 21:58:22 2025
    1 IN the beginning Donald E. Knuth created TeX and METAFONT.

    2 And the world of letters was without order, and void;
    and the pages were filled with crooked spacing and poor kerning.

    3 And the Spirit of DEK moved upon the face of the manuscripts.

    4 And DEK said, Let there be typesetting with precision surpassing
    the craft of men: and it was so.

    5 And DEK saw the line-breaking, that it was good: and he divided
    the words with the algorithm of goodly paragraph shapes.

    6 ¶ And DEK made \def, whereby a scribe might declare a new command,
    binding tokens to expansion according to the will of the author.

    7 And \def was the first covenant of macro-making, and it came to
    pass that men used also \edef, and \gdef, and \xdef, each according
    unto their manner: \edef to expand with zeal, \gdef to make the
    decree endure unto all groups, and \xdef to do both mightily.

    8 And DEK gave unto them \expandafter, that the order of
    expansion might be altered, and \noexpand, that a token might
    be spared from expansion in the time of expansion.

    9 And it came to pass that there was also \the, which brought
    forth the value of registers; and \csname, which created the
    name of a command from letters gathered at run-time, and so
    made dynamic the word of TeX.

    10 And he ordained boxes: \hbox for the setting of words in one line,
    and \vbox for the stacking of lines; and he spake also of glue and
    kerns, and of leaders that march across the width of the page.

    11 ¶ And DEK created the math mode, wherein letters and symbols
    abide in rule and harmony, with \over for fractions, \sqrt for
    roots, and \mathchardef for the binding of symbols to numbers.

    12 And he made \halign, that tables might be set well; and \parshape,
    that the edges of paragraphs might follow strange and wondrous forms.

    13 And DEK saw that the letters were fair, but the shapes of
    fonts were wanting in order, for in those days the casting
    of metal gave way to raster displays.

    14 Therefore he made METAFONT, to describe glyphs not by mere
    images but by the measures of pens and strokes.

    15 ¶ And in METAFONT he caused the command beginchar to be the dawn
    of each letter; and endchar to be its setting into the font.

    16 And there was penstroke, that a path might be clothed with
    the thickness of a pen’s shape; and there were cycles and
    tensions, controls and directions, whereby the scribe could
    bid the curve bend thus and not otherwise.

    17 And a glyph in METAFONT was not fixed, but brought to
    life by variables: x1..x7, y1..y7, points upon the plain,
    each obeying equations and constraints.

    18 And DEK made pickup, that a pen might be taken up for use;
    and draw, that a path might be made visible; and fill, that
    a region might be covered in black.

    19 And he separated the modes: proof mode to render at high
    resolution upon the scroll, and lowres mode for raster to
    be made into bitmaps for ancient printers.

    20 ¶ And DEK set forth the TeX and METAFONT ecosystem, and the
    scribes multiplied it.

    21 And from TeX came plain TeX, and in later days LaTeX was
    made by Lamport, bringing document classes and environments,
    whereby authors might declare \section and \tableofcontents,
    and need not dwell upon lengths and boxes.

    22 And in the generations thereafter, was born pdfTeX,
    which brought forth PDF directly from TeX, with support for
    micro-typography, protrusion, and expansion of glyphs.

    23 Then rose XeTeX, that knew the tongues of Unicode and could call
    upon system fonts; and LuaTeX, that gave unto the scribe the Lua
    language, whereby he might script and alter the engine at will.

    24 And the faithful made expl3, the foundation of LaTeX,
    with tokens of the form \tl_set:Nn, \seq_map_inline:Nn, and
    \prop_get:NnN; and there was a syntax of colons and underscores,
    for the ordering of names and arguments.

    25 ¶ And packages were made in abundance: TikZ for the drawing
    of diagrams, siunitx for the rendering of numbers and units,
    fontspec to bind system fonts in XeTeX and LuaTeX, hyperref for
    the making of links, and polyglossia to speak in many tongues.

    26 And the scribes laboured with babel, cleveref, amsmath,
    and mathtools, each after its own manner, that the documents
    might be fair and rightly spaced.

    27 And the kingdom of fonts increased also: OpenType and TrueType
    were tamed; virtual fonts were devised; and encodings such as
    OT1, T1, and TU ordered the mapping from characters to glyphs.

    28 ¶ And the house of METAFONT begat METAPOST, which output not
    bitmaps but vector drawings, and it was joined unto scripting
    for diagrams in the style of Knuth.

    29 And lo, the earth was filled with typeset works of clarity
    and stability, for TeX's outputs changed not between the days,
    but endured, and the engines of DEK were as a rock in the
    shifting sands of technology.

    30 And the scholars beheld the work of DEK, and it was very good.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Annada Behera@21:1/5 to All on Thu Aug 14 13:26:44 2025
    Beautiful. Love it :)

    -----Original Message-----
    From: Stefan Ram <ram@zedat.fu-berlin.de>
    Subject: TeX and METAFONT
    Date: 08/14/2025 03:28:22 AM
    Newsgroups: comp.text.tex

      1 IN the beginning Donald E. Knuth created TeX and METAFONT.

      2 And the world of letters was without order, and void;
       and the pages were filled with crooked spacing and poor kerning.

      3 And the Spirit of DEK moved upon the face of the manuscripts.

      4 And DEK said, Let there be typesetting with precision surpassing
      the craft of men: and it was so.

      5 And DEK saw the line-breaking, that it was good: and he divided
      the words with the algorithm of goodly paragraph shapes.

      6 ¶ And DEK made \def, whereby a scribe might declare a new command,
      binding tokens to expansion according to the will of the author.

      7 And \def was the first covenant of macro-making, and it came to
      pass that men used also \edef, and \gdef, and \xdef, each according
      unto their manner: \edef to expand with zeal, \gdef to make the
      decree endure unto all groups, and \xdef to do both mightily.

      8 And DEK gave unto them \expandafter, that the order of
      expansion might be altered, and \noexpand, that a token might
      be spared from expansion in the time of expansion.

      9 And it came to pass that there was also \the, which brought
      forth the value of registers; and \csname, which created the
      name of a command from letters gathered at run-time, and so
      made dynamic the word of TeX.

      10 And he ordained boxes: \hbox for the setting of words in one line,
      and \vbox for the stacking of lines; and he spake also of glue and
      kerns, and of leaders that march across the width of the page.

      11 ¶ And DEK created the math mode, wherein letters and symbols
      abide in rule and harmony, with \over for fractions, \sqrt for
      roots, and \mathchardef for the binding of symbols to numbers.

      12 And he made \halign, that tables might be set well; and \parshape,
      that the edges of paragraphs might follow strange and wondrous forms.

      13 And DEK saw that the letters were fair, but the shapes of
      fonts were wanting in order, for in those days the casting
      of metal gave way to raster displays.

      14 Therefore he made METAFONT, to describe glyphs not by mere
      images but by the measures of pens and strokes.

      15 ¶ And in METAFONT he caused the command beginchar to be the dawn
      of each letter; and endchar to be its setting into the font.

      16 And there was penstroke, that a path might be clothed with
      the thickness of a pen’s shape; and there were cycles and
      tensions, controls and directions, whereby the scribe could
      bid the curve bend thus and not otherwise.

      17 And a glyph in METAFONT was not fixed, but brought to
      life by variables: x1..x7, y1..y7, points upon the plain,
      each obeying equations and constraints.

      18 And DEK made pickup, that a pen might be taken up for use;
      and draw, that a path might be made visible; and fill, that
      a region might be covered in black.

      19 And he separated the modes: proof mode to render at high
      resolution upon the scroll, and lowres mode for raster to
      be made into bitmaps for ancient printers.

      20 ¶ And DEK set forth the TeX and METAFONT ecosystem, and the
      scribes multiplied it.

      21 And from TeX came plain TeX, and in later days LaTeX was
      made by Lamport, bringing document classes and environments,
      whereby authors might declare \section and \tableofcontents,
      and need not dwell upon lengths and boxes.

      22 And in the generations thereafter, was born pdfTeX,
      which brought forth PDF directly from TeX, with support for
      micro-typography, protrusion, and expansion of glyphs.

      23 Then rose XeTeX, that knew the tongues of Unicode and could call
      upon system fonts; and LuaTeX, that gave unto the scribe the Lua
      language, whereby he might script and alter the engine at will.

      24 And the faithful made expl3, the foundation of LaTeX,
      with tokens of the form \tl_set:Nn, \seq_map_inline:Nn, and
      \prop_get:NnN; and there was a syntax of colons and underscores,
      for the ordering of names and arguments.

      25 ¶ And packages were made in abundance: TikZ for the drawing
      of diagrams, siunitx for the rendering of numbers and units,
      fontspec to bind system fonts in XeTeX and LuaTeX, hyperref for
      the making of links, and polyglossia to speak in many tongues.

      26 And the scribes laboured with babel, cleveref, amsmath,
      and mathtools, each after its own manner, that the documents
      might be fair and rightly spaced.

      27 And the kingdom of fonts increased also: OpenType and TrueType
      were tamed; virtual fonts were devised; and encodings such as
      OT1, T1, and TU ordered the mapping from characters to glyphs.

      28 ¶ And the house of METAFONT begat METAPOST, which output not
      bitmaps but vector drawings, and it was joined unto scripting
      for diagrams in the style of Knuth.

      29 And lo, the earth was filled with typeset works of clarity
      and stability, for TeX's outputs changed not between the days,
      but endured, and the engines of DEK were as a rock in the
      shifting sands of technology.

      30 And the scholars beheld the work of DEK, and it was very good.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)