• RQFTCINO13 Game 7, Rounds 7-8: best novels, psychologists

    From Mark Brader@21:1/5 to All on Thu Dec 1 05:10:16 2022
    These questions were written to be asked in Toronto on 2013-03-18,
    and should be interpreted accordingly. All questions were written
    by members of the Night Owls, but have been reformatted and may
    have been retyped and/or edited by me. I will reveal the correct
    answers in about 3 days.

    For further information, including an explanation of the """
    notation that may appear in these rounds, see my 2022-09-09
    companion posting on "Reposted Questions from the Canadian
    Inquisition (RQFTCI*)".


    * Game 7, Round 7 - Literature - Best 100 Novels

    The works in this round are taken from the list of "100 Best Novels
    of the 20th Century" (meaning 1900-98) according to a Modern Library
    poll of readers. We give you the name of the novel and its position
    on the list; you give the author.

    1. #99, "The Cunning Man".
    2. #92, "The Sheltering Sky".
    3. #85, "V".
    4. #76, "At Swim-Two-Birds".
    5. #73, "Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance".
    6. #72, "The Door into Summer".
    7. #71, "The Magus".
    8. #52, "The Heart is a Lonely Hunter".
    9. #39, "Under the Volcano".
    10. #17, "A Town Like Alice".


    * Game 7, Round 8 - Science - Psychologists

    This is a round on famous psychologists and psychiatrists who made
    significant contributions to psychology. In each case, name the
    person described. Please note that Freud will not be an answer
    to any question in this round.

    1. This German-American psychologist and psychoanalyst lived
    1902-94. He proposed an eight-stage theory of life and
    personality development. His writings include the books
    "Childhood and Society" and "Identity: Youth and Crisis".
    He might be best known for coining the phrase "identity crisis".

    2. This American psychologist lived 1908-70. His writings included
    the books "A Theory of Human Motivation" and "Motivation and
    Personality". He is best known for his theory on the hierarchy
    of needs.

    3. This Swiss psychotherapist and psychiatrist lived 1875-1961.
    He is considered the founder of analytical psychology.
    He developed concepts such as extraversion and introversion,
    archetypes, and the collective unconscious. The Myers-Briggs
    Type Indicator test is based on his theories.

    4. This American psychologist and behaviorist lived 1904-90.
    He developed the theory of operant conditioning -- the idea
    that behavior is determined by its consequences, be they
    reinforcements or punishments, which make it more or less likely
    that the behavior will occur again. He believed that the only
    scientific approach to psychology was one that studied behaviors,
    not internal mental processes.

    5. This Austrian doctor and psychotherapist lived 1870-1937.
    He is one of the cofounders of the psychoanalytic movement,
    alongside Freud. He is the founder of the school of individual
    psychology. His major contribution to psychology was his theory
    of the inferiority complex.

    6. This Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist lived 1905-97.
    He is the founder of logotherapy, which is a form of
    existential analysis. He is best known for his book "Man's
    Search for Meaning", which chronicles his experiences as
    a concentration-camp inmate. This led him to discover the
    importance of finding meaning in all forms of existence, and
    thus a reason to continue living.

    7. This Swiss-American psychiatrist lived 1926-2004. She was
    a pioneer in near-death studies. Her major work was the book
    "On Death and Dying", where she introduced her theory of the
    five stages of grief.

    8. This American psychologist and educator was born in 1942.
    He """is""" considered one of the founders of the school of
    positive psychology. He """is""" best known for his work on
    learned helplessness and learned optimism.

    9. This French psychologist lived 1857-1911. He invented the
    first usable intelligence test, which is still in existence
    today in modified form.

    10. This Swiss developmental psychologist lived 1896-1980. He is
    best known for concepts such as assimilation and accommodation
    and the theory of stages of cognitive development for children
    (which included the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete
    operational, and formal operational stages).

    --
    Mark Brader "You can't [compare] computer memory and recall
    Toronto with human memory and recall. It's comparing msb@vex.net apples and bicycles." -- Ed Knowles

    My text in this article is in the public domain.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Joshua Kreitzer@21:1/5 to Mark Brader on Wed Nov 30 22:16:38 2022
    On Wednesday, November 30, 2022 at 11:10:23 PM UTC-6, Mark Brader wrote:

    * Game 7, Round 7 - Literature - Best 100 Novels

    The works in this round are taken from the list of "100 Best Novels
    of the 20th Century" (meaning 1900-98) according to a Modern Library
    poll of readers. We give you the name of the novel and its position
    on the list; you give the author.

    2. #92, "The Sheltering Sky".

    Bowles

    3. #85, "V".

    Pynchon

    5. #73, "Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance".

    Pirsig

    7. #71, "The Magus".

    Fowles

    8. #52, "The Heart is a Lonely Hunter".

    McCullers

    9. #39, "Under the Volcano".

    Lowry

    * Game 7, Round 8 - Science - Psychologists

    This is a round on famous psychologists and psychiatrists who made significant contributions to psychology. In each case, name the
    person described. Please note that Freud will not be an answer
    to any question in this round.

    1. This German-American psychologist and psychoanalyst lived
    1902-94. He proposed an eight-stage theory of life and
    personality development. His writings include the books
    "Childhood and Society" and "Identity: Youth and Crisis".
    He might be best known for coining the phrase "identity crisis".

    Bettelheim

    2. This American psychologist lived 1908-70. His writings included
    the books "A Theory of Human Motivation" and "Motivation and
    Personality". He is best known for his theory on the hierarchy
    of needs.

    Maslow

    3. This Swiss psychotherapist and psychiatrist lived 1875-1961.
    He is considered the founder of analytical psychology.
    He developed concepts such as extraversion and introversion,
    archetypes, and the collective unconscious. The Myers-Briggs
    Type Indicator test is based on his theories.

    Jung

    5. This Austrian doctor and psychotherapist lived 1870-1937.
    He is one of the cofounders of the psychoanalytic movement,
    alongside Freud. He is the founder of the school of individual
    psychology. His major contribution to psychology was his theory
    of the inferiority complex.

    Adler

    9. This French psychologist lived 1857-1911. He invented the
    first usable intelligence test, which is still in existence
    today in modified form.

    Binet

    10. This Swiss developmental psychologist lived 1896-1980. He is
    best known for concepts such as assimilation and accommodation
    and the theory of stages of cognitive development for children
    (which included the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete
    operational, and formal operational stages).

    Piaget

    --
    Joshua Kreitzer
    gromit82@hotmail.com

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  • From Dan Blum@21:1/5 to Mark Brader on Fri Dec 2 01:06:31 2022
    Mark Brader <msb@vex.net> wrote:

    * Game 7, Round 7 - Literature - Best 100 Novels

    3. #85, "V".

    Pynchon

    4. #76, "At Swim-Two-Birds".

    O'Brien

    5. #73, "Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance".

    Pirsig

    6. #72, "The Door into Summer".

    Heinlein

    7. #71, "The Magus".

    Fowles

    8. #52, "The Heart is a Lonely Hunter".

    McCullers


    * Game 7, Round 8 - Science - Psychologists

    1. This German-American psychologist and psychoanalyst lived
    1902-94. He proposed an eight-stage theory of life and
    personality development. His writings include the books
    "Childhood and Society" and "Identity: Youth and Crisis".
    He might be best known for coining the phrase "identity crisis".

    Bettelheim

    2. This American psychologist lived 1908-70. His writings included
    the books "A Theory of Human Motivation" and "Motivation and
    Personality". He is best known for his theory on the hierarchy
    of needs.

    Maslow

    3. This Swiss psychotherapist and psychiatrist lived 1875-1961.
    He is considered the founder of analytical psychology.
    He developed concepts such as extraversion and introversion,
    archetypes, and the collective unconscious. The Myers-Briggs
    Type Indicator test is based on his theories.

    Jung

    4. This American psychologist and behaviorist lived 1904-90.
    He developed the theory of operant conditioning -- the idea
    that behavior is determined by its consequences, be they
    reinforcements or punishments, which make it more or less likely
    that the behavior will occur again. He believed that the only
    scientific approach to psychology was one that studied behaviors,
    not internal mental processes.

    Skinner

    5. This Austrian doctor and psychotherapist lived 1870-1937.
    He is one of the cofounders of the psychoanalytic movement,
    alongside Freud. He is the founder of the school of individual
    psychology. His major contribution to psychology was his theory
    of the inferiority complex.

    Adler

    9. This French psychologist lived 1857-1911. He invented the
    first usable intelligence test, which is still in existence
    today in modified form.

    Binet

    10. This Swiss developmental psychologist lived 1896-1980. He is
    best known for concepts such as assimilation and accommodation
    and the theory of stages of cognitive development for children
    (which included the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete
    operational, and formal operational stages).

    Piaget

    --
    _______________________________________________________________________
    Dan Blum tool@panix.com
    "I wouldn't have believed it myself if I hadn't just made it up."

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Dan Tilque@21:1/5 to Mark Brader on Fri Dec 2 13:28:38 2022
    On 11/30/22 21:10, Mark Brader wrote:

    * Game 7, Round 7 - Literature - Best 100 Novels

    The works in this round are taken from the list of "100 Best Novels
    of the 20th Century" (meaning 1900-98) according to a Modern Library
    poll of readers. We give you the name of the novel and its position
    on the list; you give the author.

    1. #99, "The Cunning Man".
    2. #92, "The Sheltering Sky".
    3. #85, "V".
    4. #76, "At Swim-Two-Birds".
    5. #73, "Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance".
    6. #72, "The Door into Summer".

    Robert Heinlein

    7. #71, "The Magus".
    8. #52, "The Heart is a Lonely Hunter".
    9. #39, "Under the Volcano".
    10. #17, "A Town Like Alice".


    * Game 7, Round 8 - Science - Psychologists

    This is a round on famous psychologists and psychiatrists who made significant contributions to psychology. In each case, name the
    person described. Please note that Freud will not be an answer
    to any question in this round.

    1. This German-American psychologist and psychoanalyst lived
    1902-94. He proposed an eight-stage theory of life and
    personality development. His writings include the books
    "Childhood and Society" and "Identity: Youth and Crisis".
    He might be best known for coining the phrase "identity crisis".

    2. This American psychologist lived 1908-70. His writings included
    the books "A Theory of Human Motivation" and "Motivation and
    Personality". He is best known for his theory on the hierarchy
    of needs.

    3. This Swiss psychotherapist and psychiatrist lived 1875-1961.
    He is considered the founder of analytical psychology.
    He developed concepts such as extraversion and introversion,
    archetypes, and the collective unconscious. The Myers-Briggs
    Type Indicator test is based on his theories.

    Jung


    4. This American psychologist and behaviorist lived 1904-90.
    He developed the theory of operant conditioning -- the idea
    that behavior is determined by its consequences, be they
    reinforcements or punishments, which make it more or less likely
    that the behavior will occur again. He believed that the only
    scientific approach to psychology was one that studied behaviors,
    not internal mental processes.

    5. This Austrian doctor and psychotherapist lived 1870-1937.
    He is one of the cofounders of the psychoanalytic movement,
    alongside Freud. He is the founder of the school of individual
    psychology. His major contribution to psychology was his theory
    of the inferiority complex.

    6. This Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist lived 1905-97.
    He is the founder of logotherapy, which is a form of
    existential analysis. He is best known for his book "Man's
    Search for Meaning", which chronicles his experiences as
    a concentration-camp inmate. This led him to discover the
    importance of finding meaning in all forms of existence, and
    thus a reason to continue living.

    7. This Swiss-American psychiatrist lived 1926-2004. She was
    a pioneer in near-death studies. Her major work was the book
    "On Death and Dying", where she introduced her theory of the
    five stages of grief.

    8. This American psychologist and educator was born in 1942.
    He """is""" considered one of the founders of the school of
    positive psychology. He """is""" best known for his work on
    learned helplessness and learned optimism.

    9. This French psychologist lived 1857-1911. He invented the
    first usable intelligence test, which is still in existence
    today in modified form.

    10. This Swiss developmental psychologist lived 1896-1980. He is
    best known for concepts such as assimilation and accommodation
    and the theory of stages of cognitive development for children
    (which included the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete
    operational, and formal operational stages).


    --
    Dan Tilque

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From swp@21:1/5 to Mark Brader on Sat Dec 3 07:25:33 2022
    On Thursday, December 1, 2022 at 12:10:23 AM UTC-5, Mark Brader wrote:
    These questions were written to be asked in Toronto on 2013-03-18,
    and should be interpreted accordingly. All questions were written
    by members of the Night Owls, but have been reformatted and may
    have been retyped and/or edited by me. I will reveal the correct
    answers in about 3 days.

    For further information, including an explanation of the """
    notation that may appear in these rounds, see my 2022-09-09
    companion posting on "Reposted Questions from the Canadian
    Inquisition (RQFTCI*)".


    * Game 7, Round 7 - Literature - Best 100 Novels

    The works in this round are taken from the list of "100 Best Novels
    of the 20th Century" (meaning 1900-98) according to a Modern Library
    poll of readers. We give you the name of the novel and its position
    on the list; you give the author.

    1. #99, "The Cunning Man".

    r davies

    2. #92, "The Sheltering Sky".

    paul bowles

    3. #85, "V".

    thomas pynchon

    4. #76, "At Swim-Two-Birds".

    flann o'brien

    5. #73, "Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance".

    rob pirsig

    6. #72, "The Door into Summer".

    robert a heinlein

    7. #71, "The Magus".

    john fowles

    8. #52, "The Heart is a Lonely Hunter".

    carson mccullers

    9. #39, "Under the Volcano".

    malcolm lowry

    10. #17, "A Town Like Alice".

    nevil shute



    * Game 7, Round 8 - Science - Psychologists

    This is a round on famous psychologists and psychiatrists who made significant contributions to psychology. In each case, name the
    person described. Please note that Freud will not be an answer
    to any question in this round.

    1. This German-American psychologist and psychoanalyst lived
    1902-94. He proposed an eight-stage theory of life and
    personality development. His writings include the books
    "Childhood and Society" and "Identity: Youth and Crisis".
    He might be best known for coining the phrase "identity crisis".

    erik erikson

    2. This American psychologist lived 1908-70. His writings included
    the books "A Theory of Human Motivation" and "Motivation and
    Personality". He is best known for his theory on the hierarchy
    of needs.

    maslow

    3. This Swiss psychotherapist and psychiatrist lived 1875-1961.
    He is considered the founder of analytical psychology.
    He developed concepts such as extraversion and introversion,
    archetypes, and the collective unconscious. The Myers-Briggs
    Type Indicator test is based on his theories.

    carl jung

    4. This American psychologist and behaviorist lived 1904-90.
    He developed the theory of operant conditioning -- the idea
    that behavior is determined by its consequences, be they
    reinforcements or punishments, which make it more or less likely
    that the behavior will occur again. He believed that the only
    scientific approach to psychology was one that studied behaviors,
    not internal mental processes.

    skinner

    5. This Austrian doctor and psychotherapist lived 1870-1937.
    He is one of the cofounders of the psychoanalytic movement,
    alongside Freud. He is the founder of the school of individual
    psychology. His major contribution to psychology was his theory
    of the inferiority complex.

    adler

    6. This Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist lived 1905-97.
    He is the founder of logotherapy, which is a form of
    existential analysis. He is best known for his book "Man's
    Search for Meaning", which chronicles his experiences as
    a concentration-camp inmate. This led him to discover the
    importance of finding meaning in all forms of existence, and
    thus a reason to continue living.

    victor frankl

    7. This Swiss-American psychiatrist lived 1926-2004. She was
    a pioneer in near-death studies. Her major work was the book
    "On Death and Dying", where she introduced her theory of the
    five stages of grief.

    kubler-ross

    8. This American psychologist and educator was born in 1942.
    He """is""" considered one of the founders of the school of
    positive psychology. He """is""" best known for his work on
    learned helplessness and learned optimism.

    tony robbins

    9. This French psychologist lived 1857-1911. He invented the
    first usable intelligence test, which is still in existence
    today in modified form.

    binet

    10. This Swiss developmental psychologist lived 1896-1980. He is
    best known for concepts such as assimilation and accommodation
    and the theory of stages of cognitive development for children
    (which included the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete
    operational, and formal operational stages).

    piaget

    --
    Mark Brader "You can't [compare] computer memory and recall
    Toronto with human memory and recall. It's comparing
    m...@vex.net apples and bicycles." -- Ed Knowles

    My text in this article is in the public domain.

    swp

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Pete Gayde@21:1/5 to Mark Brader on Sat Dec 3 13:57:34 2022
    Mark Brader wrote:
    These questions were written to be asked in Toronto on 2013-03-18,
    and should be interpreted accordingly. All questions were written
    by members of the Night Owls, but have been reformatted and may
    have been retyped and/or edited by me. I will reveal the correct
    answers in about 3 days.

    For further information, including an explanation of the """
    notation that may appear in these rounds, see my 2022-09-09
    companion posting on "Reposted Questions from the Canadian
    Inquisition (RQFTCI*)".


    * Game 7, Round 7 - Literature - Best 100 Novels

    The works in this round are taken from the list of "100 Best Novels
    of the 20th Century" (meaning 1900-98) according to a Modern Library
    poll of readers. We give you the name of the novel and its position
    on the list; you give the author.

    1. #99, "The Cunning Man".
    2. #92, "The Sheltering Sky".
    3. #85, "V".
    4. #76, "At Swim-Two-Birds".
    5. #73, "Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance".

    Adams

    6. #72, "The Door into Summer".
    7. #71, "The Magus".
    8. #52, "The Heart is a Lonely Hunter".
    9. #39, "Under the Volcano".
    10. #17, "A Town Like Alice".


    * Game 7, Round 8 - Science - Psychologists

    This is a round on famous psychologists and psychiatrists who made significant contributions to psychology. In each case, name the
    person described. Please note that Freud will not be an answer
    to any question in this round.

    1. This German-American psychologist and psychoanalyst lived
    1902-94. He proposed an eight-stage theory of life and
    personality development. His writings include the books
    "Childhood and Society" and "Identity: Youth and Crisis".
    He might be best known for coining the phrase "identity crisis".

    2. This American psychologist lived 1908-70. His writings included
    the books "A Theory of Human Motivation" and "Motivation and
    Personality". He is best known for his theory on the hierarchy
    of needs.

    3. This Swiss psychotherapist and psychiatrist lived 1875-1961.
    He is considered the founder of analytical psychology.
    He developed concepts such as extraversion and introversion,
    archetypes, and the collective unconscious. The Myers-Briggs
    Type Indicator test is based on his theories.

    Jung


    4. This American psychologist and behaviorist lived 1904-90.
    He developed the theory of operant conditioning -- the idea
    that behavior is determined by its consequences, be they
    reinforcements or punishments, which make it more or less likely
    that the behavior will occur again. He believed that the only
    scientific approach to psychology was one that studied behaviors,
    not internal mental processes.

    5. This Austrian doctor and psychotherapist lived 1870-1937.
    He is one of the cofounders of the psychoanalytic movement,
    alongside Freud. He is the founder of the school of individual
    psychology. His major contribution to psychology was his theory
    of the inferiority complex.

    Jung


    6. This Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist lived 1905-97.
    He is the founder of logotherapy, which is a form of
    existential analysis. He is best known for his book "Man's
    Search for Meaning", which chronicles his experiences as
    a concentration-camp inmate. This led him to discover the
    importance of finding meaning in all forms of existence, and
    thus a reason to continue living.

    7. This Swiss-American psychiatrist lived 1926-2004. She was
    a pioneer in near-death studies. Her major work was the book
    "On Death and Dying", where she introduced her theory of the
    five stages of grief.

    Kubler-Ross


    8. This American psychologist and educator was born in 1942.
    He """is""" considered one of the founders of the school of
    positive psychology. He """is""" best known for his work on
    learned helplessness and learned optimism.

    9. This French psychologist lived 1857-1911. He invented the
    first usable intelligence test, which is still in existence
    today in modified form.

    Rohrschach


    10. This Swiss developmental psychologist lived 1896-1980. He is
    best known for concepts such as assimilation and accommodation
    and the theory of stages of cognitive development for children
    (which included the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete
    operational, and formal operational stages).


    Pete Gayde

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Mark Brader@21:1/5 to All on Sun Dec 4 06:05:31 2022
    Mark Brader:
    These questions were written to be asked in Toronto on 2013-03-18,
    and should be interpreted accordingly... For further information...
    see my 2022-09-09 companion posting on "Reposted Questions from the
    Canadian Inquisition (RQFTCI*)".


    * Game 7, Round 7 - Literature - Best 100 Novels

    The works in this round are taken from the list of "100 Best Novels
    of the 20th Century" (meaning 1900-98) according to a Modern Library
    poll of readers. We give you the name of the novel and its position
    on the list; you give the author.

    This was the hardest round in the original game.

    1. #99, "The Cunning Man".

    Robertson Davies. 4 for Stephen.

    2. #92, "The Sheltering Sky".

    Paul Bowles. 4 for Joshua and Stephen.

    3. #85, "V".

    Thomas Pynchon. 4 for Joshua, Dan Blum, and Stephen.

    4. #76, "At Swim-Two-Birds".

    Flann O'Brien. 4 for Dan Blum and Stephen.

    5. #73, "Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance".

    Robert Pirsig. 4 for Joshua, Dan Blum, and Stephen.

    6. #72, "The Door into Summer".

    Robert Heinlein. 4 for Dan Blum, Dan Tilque, and Stephen.

    7. #71, "The Magus".

    John Fowles. 4 for Joshua, Dan Blum, and Stephen.

    8. #52, "The Heart is a Lonely Hunter".

    Carson McCullers. 4 for Joshua, Dan Blum, and Stephen.

    9. #39, "Under the Volcano".

    Malcolm Lowry. 4 for Joshua and Stephen.

    10. #17, "A Town Like Alice".

    Nevil Shute. 4 for Stephen.

    When this round was originally written, the question-setters added a
    comment that the list was determined in an "obviously non-scientific
    manner". But if you search for the list today, you'll most likely
    find this one:

    http://www.modernlibrary.com/top-100/100-best-novels/

    which has only 4 authors in common with the questions on this round.
    In the other list, the titles appearing in this round are:

    #11, "Under the Volcano", Malcolm Lowry
    #17, "The Heart is a Lonely Hunter", Carson McCullers
    #93, "The Magus", John Fowles
    #97, "The Sheltering Sky", Paul Bowles

    The explanation turns out to be that Modern Library -- that's a
    publishing imprint -- produced *two* "Top 100 Novels" lists that year.
    One was based on 217,520 responses to their Internet poll, but the
    results were obviously hugely biased by multiple entries from fan
    groups for certain authors: no less than 22 of the 100 novels are by
    either Robert Heinlein, Charles de Lint, Ayn Rand, or L. Ron Hubbard,
    with all 4 of Rand's novels appearing among the top 10 positions.

    But this, such as it is, is the list that the round was based on.

    Perhaps in response to that result, Modern Library also polled their
    own editorial board and produced a separate list -- the one that I
    linked above. The two lists are referred to as the "Readers' List"
    and the "Board's List", but most sources I could find only list one or
    the other, usually the Board's List. Modern Library itself seems to
    have been embarrassed by the affair and tries to obfuscate the story,
    but here is one site that tells it, and includes the Readers' List.

    http://lettersrepublic.wordpress.com/mlr/

    The Board's List was also criticized as being seriously biased,
    but that's another story.


    * Game 7, Round 8 - Science - Psychologists

    This is a round on famous psychologists and psychiatrists who made significant contributions to psychology. In each case, name the
    person described. Please note that Freud will not be an answer
    to any question in this round.

    1. This German-American psychologist and psychoanalyst lived
    1902-94. He proposed an eight-stage theory of life and
    personality development. His writings include the books
    "Childhood and Society" and "Identity: Youth and Crisis".
    He might be best known for coining the phrase "identity crisis".

    Erik Erikson. 4 for Stephen.

    2. This American psychologist lived 1908-70. His writings included
    the books "A Theory of Human Motivation" and "Motivation and
    Personality". He is best known for his theory on the hierarchy
    of needs.

    Abraham Maslow. 4 for Joshua, Dan Blum, and Stephen.

    3. This Swiss psychotherapist and psychiatrist lived 1875-1961.
    He is considered the founder of analytical psychology.
    He developed concepts such as extraversion and introversion,
    archetypes, and the collective unconscious. The Myers-Briggs
    Type Indicator test is based on his theories.

    Carl Jung. 4 for everyone -- Joshua, Dan Blum, Dan Tilque, Stephen,
    and Pete.

    4. This American psychologist and behaviorist lived 1904-90.
    He developed the theory of operant conditioning -- the idea
    that behavior is determined by its consequences, be they
    reinforcements or punishments, which make it more or less likely
    that the behavior will occur again. He believed that the only
    scientific approach to psychology was one that studied behaviors,
    not internal mental processes.

    B.F. Skinner. 4 for Dan Blum and Stephen.

    5. This Austrian doctor and psychotherapist lived 1870-1937.
    He is one of the cofounders of the psychoanalytic movement,
    alongside Freud. He is the founder of the school of individual
    psychology. His major contribution to psychology was his theory
    of the inferiority complex.

    Alfred Adler. 4 for Joshua, Dan Blum, and Stephen.

    6. This Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist lived 1905-97.
    He is the founder of logotherapy, which is a form of
    existential analysis. He is best known for his book "Man's
    Search for Meaning", which chronicles his experiences as
    a concentration-camp inmate. This led him to discover the
    importance of finding meaning in all forms of existence, and
    thus a reason to continue living.

    Victor Frankl. 4 for Stephen.

    7. This Swiss-American psychiatrist lived 1926-2004. She was
    a pioneer in near-death studies. Her major work was the book
    "On Death and Dying", where she introduced her theory of the
    five stages of grief.

    Elizabeth Kubler-Ross. 4 for Stephen and Pete.

    8. This American psychologist and educator was born in 1942.
    He """is""" considered one of the founders of the school of
    positive psychology. He """is""" best known for his work on
    learned helplessness and learned optimism.

    Martin Seligman. (Still alive.)

    9. This French psychologist lived 1857-1911. He invented the
    first usable intelligence test, which is still in existence
    today in modified form.

    Alfred Binet. 4 for Joshua, Dan Blum, and Stephen.

    10. This Swiss developmental psychologist lived 1896-1980. He is
    best known for concepts such as assimilation and accommodation
    and the theory of stages of cognitive development for children
    (which included the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete
    operational, and formal operational stages).

    Jean Piaget. 4 for Joshua, Dan Blum, and Stephen.


    Scores, if there are no errors:

    GAME 7 ROUNDS-> 2 3 4 6 7 8 BEST
    TOPICS-> Ent Geo His Spo Lit Sci FOUR
    Stephen Perry -- -- 40 40 40 36 156
    Joshua Kreitzer 36 34 40 36 24 20 146
    Dan Blum -- -- 24 4 24 24 76
    Dan Tilque 4 24 12 16 4 4 56
    Pete Gayde 8 16 -- -- 0 8 32
    Erland Sommarskog 0 20 0 12 -- -- 32

    --
    Mark Brader, Toronto "Infinity is not a big number." msb@vex.net --Matt Parker

    My text in this article is in the public domain.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)