• Blitz versus prime cube action

    From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Tue Mar 22 09:08:39 2022
    XGID=a-BACBBC--Aa-----bcbb-bAb-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    X:Player 2 O:Player 1
    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | O O | | O O O X O |
    | O O | | O O O O |
    | O | | |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | X | | X |
    | X | | X X X X |
    | O X X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 95 O: 106 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Thu Mar 24 09:25:47 2022
    XGID=a-BACBBC--Aa-----bcbb-bAb-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    X:Player 2 O:Player 1
    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | O O | | O O O X O |
    | O O | | O O O O |
    | O | | |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | X | | X |
    | X | | X X X X |
    | O X X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 95 O: 106 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    Cube decisions like this one are treacherous. I dropped this one, but
    XG says it's an easy take. With more ways to cover the blot, this could
    turn into a drop or something close to a drop (see variant).

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 66.08% (G:23.53% B:0.33%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 33.92% (G:6.44% B:0.20%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 66.51% (G:23.47% B:0.34%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 33.49% (G:6.57% B:0.20%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.635 (-0.130)
    Double/Take: +0.764
    Double/Pass: +1.000 (+0.236)

    Best Cube action: Double / Take

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.008 (+0.627..+0.642)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.012 (+0.752..+0.777)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.207.pre-release

    -------
    Variant
    -------

    XGID=a-BACBCB--Aa-----bcbb-bAb-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    X:Player 2 O:Player 1
    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | O O | | O O O X O |
    | O O | | O O O O |
    | O | | |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X |
    | X | | X X X X |
    | O X X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 94 O: 106 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 69.13% (G:26.57% B:0.38%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 30.87% (G:4.92% B:0.19%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 69.50% (G:26.36% B:0.37%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 30.50% (G:5.10% B:0.21%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.785 (-0.194)
    Double/Take: +0.978
    Double/Pass: +1.000 (+0.022)

    Best Cube action: Double / Take

    Rollout:
    5184 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.004 (+0.781..+0.789)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.006 (+0.972..+0.985)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.207.pre-release

    ---
    Tim Chow

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Sat Dec 31 10:30:55 2022
    XGID=a--aBBDAA---aB-a-bbcbBb-A-:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X O X |
    | X O O | | O O X O |
    | | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | X |
    | | | X | +---+
    | | | X X X | | 2 |
    | O X X | | X X X O | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 149 O: 134 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From ah....Clem@21:1/5 to Timothy Chow on Sat Dec 31 15:33:22 2022
    On 12/31/2022 10:30 AM, Timothy Chow wrote:
    XGID=a--aBBDAA---aB-a-bbcbBb-A-:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
     +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
     | X     O     O  O |   | O  O  X  O     X |
     | X           O  O |   | O  O  X  O       |
     |                  |   | O                |
     |                  |   |                  |
     |                  |   |                  |
     |                  |BAR|                  |
     |                  | O |                  |
     |                  |   | X                |
     |                  |   | X                | +---+
     |                  |   | X  X  X          | | 2 |
     | O           X  X |   | X  X  X  O       | +---+
     +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count  X: 149  O: 134 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    X is behind in the race, with position about even and an advantage in
    threats. That usually implies ND/T.

    Are there enough market losers to justify shipping it now? Fourteen POH
    rolls, plus several that send a second checker to the roof, so I think so.

    RD/T.

    --
    Ah....Clem
    The future is fun, the future is fair.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From pepstein5@gmail.com@21:1/5 to ah....Clem on Sat Dec 31 14:39:58 2022
    On Saturday, December 31, 2022 at 8:33:23 PM UTC, ah....Clem wrote:
    On 12/31/2022 10:30 AM, Timothy Chow wrote:
    XGID=a--aBBDAA---aB-a-bbcbBb-A-:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X O X |
    | X O O | | O O X O |
    | | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | X |
    | | | X | +---+
    | | | X X X | | 2 |
    | O X X | | X X X O | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 149 O: 134 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action
    X is behind in the race, with position about even and an advantage in threats. That usually implies ND/T.

    Are there enough market losers to justify shipping it now? Fourteen POH rolls, plus several that send a second checker to the roof, so I think so.

    RD/T.

    I see this as a big pass with 6, 3, and 1 to hit. I don't think the opponent can withstand this blitz.
    Clearly not TG.
    RD/P.

    Paul

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Tue Jan 3 08:36:09 2023
    XGID=a--aBBDAA---aB-a-bbcbBb-A-:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X O X |
    | X O O | | O O X O |
    | | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | X |
    | | | X | +---+
    | | | X X X | | 2 |
    | O X X | | X X X O | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 149 O: 134 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    Paul is right that X has so many hitting rolls that O has to pass.
    In fact, the bot hits with *every single roll*. O's only defense
    is her prime, but it's only a four-prime (or maybe a broken
    five-prime, if you consider X's straggler).

    If we move O's blot on her 10pt back a pip to her 11pt, however,
    then the XG rollout below indicates that O has a close take.

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No redouble
    Player Winning Chances: 69.57% (G:39.68% B:4.99%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 30.43% (G:8.74% B:0.75%)
    Redouble/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 69.72% (G:41.02% B:5.35%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 30.28% (G:8.95% B:0.88%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No redouble: +0.934 (-0.066)
    Redouble/Take: +1.277 (+0.277)
    Redouble/Pass: +1.000

    Best Cube action: Redouble / Pass

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.011 (+0.923..+0.944)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.019 (+1.258..+1.296)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    -------
    Variant
    -------

    XGID=a--aBBDAA---aBa--bbcbBb-A-:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X O X |
    | X O O | | O O X O |
    | | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | X |
    | | | X | +---+
    | | | X X X | | 2 |
    | O X X | | X X X O | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 149 O: 135 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No redouble
    Player Winning Chances: 65.24% (G:34.68% B:4.06%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 34.76% (G:10.63% B:0.98%)
    Redouble/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 65.59% (G:36.55% B:4.57%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 34.41% (G:10.97% B:1.08%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No redouble: +0.797 (-0.151)
    Redouble/Take: +0.948
    Redouble/Pass: +1.000 (+0.052)

    Best Cube action: Redouble / Take

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.009 (+0.787..+0.806)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.020 (+0.928..+0.967)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    ---
    Tim Chow

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Fri Mar 3 23:44:40 2023
    XGID=aBBCCC--------A-bbbddA----:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X |
    | O O O | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X X | +---+
    | | | X X X X X | | 2 |
    | | | X X X X X | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 77 O: 117 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Robert Zimmerman@21:1/5 to Timothy Chow on Sun Mar 5 10:37:05 2023
    On Friday, March 3, 2023 at 11:44:42 PM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    XGID=aBBCCC--------A-bbbddA----:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X |
    | O O O | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X X | +---+
    | | | X X X X X | | 2 |
    | | | X X X X X | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 77 O: 117 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow

    With the cube in the center this should be a double by O'Hagan's rule: 11/36 get X over the prime and in good shape. 11/36 then get O in and maybe 1/3 of the time after that X will wind up being hit and back behind the prime. So 11/36 (1-(11/36 * 1/3)) =
    27% would be my crude guess for O's winning chances. What I don't know is how much cube ownership is worth in a situation like this that can remain volatile. I'm guessing that it's valuable enough to hang onto the cube and not redouble.

    Bob

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From pepstein5@gmail.com@21:1/5 to Robert Zimmerman on Sun Mar 5 11:06:21 2023
    On Sunday, March 5, 2023 at 6:37:06 PM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Friday, March 3, 2023 at 11:44:42 PM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    XGID=aBBCCC--------A-bbbddA----:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X |
    | O O O | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X X | +---+
    | | | X X X X X | | 2 |
    | | | X X X X X | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 77 O: 117 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow
    With the cube in the center this should be a double by O'Hagan's rule: 11/36 get X over the prime and in good shape. 11/36 then get O in and maybe 1/3 of the time after that X will wind up being hit and back behind the prime. So 11/36 (1-(11/36 * 1/3))
    = 27% would be my crude guess for O's winning chances. What I don't know is how much cube ownership is worth in a situation like this that can remain volatile. I'm guessing that it's valuable enough to hang onto the cube and not redouble.

    You have to consider the gammons, too.

    D/T for me, with a fair amount of confidence but I can't be bothered to justify it.

    Paul

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From pepstein5@gmail.com@21:1/5 to Robert Zimmerman on Sun Mar 5 11:12:59 2023
    On Sunday, March 5, 2023 at 6:37:06 PM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Friday, March 3, 2023 at 11:44:42 PM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    XGID=aBBCCC--------A-bbbddA----:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X |
    | O O O | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X X | +---+
    | | | X X X X X | | 2 |
    | | | X X X X X | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 77 O: 117 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow
    With the cube in the center this should be a double by O'Hagan's rule: 11/36 get X over the prime and in good shape. 11/36 then get O in and maybe 1/3 of the time after that X will wind up being hit and back behind the prime. So 11/36 (1-(11/36 * 1/3))
    = 27% would be my crude guess for O's winning chances. What I don't know is how much cube ownership is worth in a situation like this that can remain volatile. I'm guessing that it's valuable enough to hang onto the cube and not redouble.

    I don't think estimating the winning chances is practical here.
    It's clear to me that it's a huge double.
    Having said that, plenty of things that are "clear to me" are in fact false -- I'm not saying "you're wrong", just explaining my thought processes.

    One thing is that our sixes seem to win us quite a few gammons bearing in mind the
    extra six crossovers in addition to the checker at the bar.
    Superficially, it seems there's a kind of symmetry. Whoever gets the first six has a great
    position. But our sixes are far stronger than the opponent's sixes. If our opponent enters first,
    our straggler will be difficult to contain without us getting shots.


    Paul

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Robert Zimmerman@21:1/5 to peps...@gmail.com on Sun Mar 5 17:51:21 2023
    On Sunday, March 5, 2023 at 2:13:00 PM UTC-5, peps...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Sunday, March 5, 2023 at 6:37:06 PM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Friday, March 3, 2023 at 11:44:42 PM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    XGID=aBBCCC--------A-bbbddA----:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X |
    | O O O | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X X | +---+
    | | | X X X X X | | 2 |
    | | | X X X X X | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 77 O: 117 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow
    With the cube in the center this should be a double by O'Hagan's rule: 11/36 get X over the prime and in good shape. 11/36 then get O in and maybe 1/3 of the time after that X will wind up being hit and back behind the prime. So 11/36 (1-(11/36 * 1/3)
    ) = 27% would be my crude guess for O's winning chances. What I don't know is how much cube ownership is worth in a situation like this that can remain volatile. I'm guessing that it's valuable enough to hang onto the cube and not redouble.
    I don't think estimating the winning chances is practical here.
    It's clear to me that it's a huge double.
    Having said that, plenty of things that are "clear to me" are in fact false --
    I'm not saying "you're wrong", just explaining my thought processes.

    One thing is that our sixes seem to win us quite a few gammons bearing in mind the
    extra six crossovers in addition to the checker at the bar.
    Superficially, it seems there's a kind of symmetry. Whoever gets the first six has a great
    position. But our sixes are far stronger than the opponent's sixes. If our opponent enters first,
    our straggler will be difficult to contain without us getting shots.


    Paul

    Yeah, I can see your point about trying to calculate winning chances, and gammons for that matter. Maybe approaching futility without a reference position?
    O'Hagan's rule (would love to know how it was derived) says double from a centered cube when you have 9 out of 36 market losing sequences, provided you still have a good game going if you don't roll one of those market losers. It applies to situations
    that are a challenge to evaluate by position, race, threats. This is definitely a double from the center by those criteria. But any ideas on how to adjust for cube ownership? It seems intuitive to hold onto the cube when you think some volatility will
    persist for another sequence or two or three. Is that correct?
    Thanks,
    Bob

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Mon Mar 6 00:12:18 2023
    XGID=aBBCCC--------A-bbbddA----:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X |
    | O O O | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X X | +---+
    | | | X X X X X | | 2 |
    | | | X X X X X | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 77 O: 117 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    Bob mentioned O'Hagan's law, and I think this is a pretty good
    example of it. (By the way, I don't think that O'Hagan "derived"
    it; I believe it's just a rule of thumb that he came up with by
    experimental observation.) Any 6 is a huge market loser, and even
    if X doesn't roll an immediate 6, he's still doing okay. Even if
    O enters and hits loose, X gets a return shot.

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No redouble
    Player Winning Chances: 67.71% (G:11.93% B:0.03%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 32.29% (G:2.30% B:0.05%)
    Redouble/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 68.35% (G:12.31% B:0.03%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 31.65% (G:2.14% B:0.04%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No redouble: +0.593 (-0.082)
    Redouble/Take: +0.675
    Redouble/Pass: +1.000 (+0.325)

    Best Cube action: Redouble / Take

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.010 (+0.583..+0.603)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.012 (+0.663..+0.687)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    ---
    Tim Chow

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From pepstein5@gmail.com@21:1/5 to Robert Zimmerman on Mon Mar 6 02:41:32 2023
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 1:51:23 AM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Sunday, March 5, 2023 at 2:13:00 PM UTC-5, peps...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Sunday, March 5, 2023 at 6:37:06 PM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Friday, March 3, 2023 at 11:44:42 PM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    XGID=aBBCCC--------A-bbbddA----:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X |
    | O O O | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X X | +---+
    | | | X X X X X | | 2 |
    | | | X X X X X | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 77 O: 117 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow
    With the cube in the center this should be a double by O'Hagan's rule: 11/36 get X over the prime and in good shape. 11/36 then get O in and maybe 1/3 of the time after that X will wind up being hit and back behind the prime. So 11/36 (1-(11/36 * 1/
    3)) = 27% would be my crude guess for O's winning chances. What I don't know is how much cube ownership is worth in a situation like this that can remain volatile. I'm guessing that it's valuable enough to hang onto the cube and not redouble.
    I don't think estimating the winning chances is practical here.
    It's clear to me that it's a huge double.
    Having said that, plenty of things that are "clear to me" are in fact false --
    I'm not saying "you're wrong", just explaining my thought processes.

    One thing is that our sixes seem to win us quite a few gammons bearing in mind the
    extra six crossovers in addition to the checker at the bar.
    Superficially, it seems there's a kind of symmetry. Whoever gets the first six has a great
    position. But our sixes are far stronger than the opponent's sixes. If our opponent enters first,
    our straggler will be difficult to contain without us getting shots.


    Paul
    Yeah, I can see your point about trying to calculate winning chances, and gammons for that matter. Maybe approaching futility without a reference position?
    O'Hagan's rule (would love to know how it was derived) says double from a centered cube when you have 9 out of 36 market losing sequences, provided you still have a good game going if you don't roll one of those market losers. It applies to situations
    that are a challenge to evaluate by position, race, threats. This is definitely a double from the center by those criteria. But any ideas on how to adjust for cube ownership? It seems intuitive to hold onto the cube when you think some volatility will
    persist for another sequence or two or three. Is that correct?
    Thanks,
    Bob

    It's not an enormous double -- only 0.08 equity is lost by holding which isn't huge by normal non-expert
    standards of cube play.

    What mistakes may you have made by holding? Well, the fact that the opponent has those ugly 4 stacks on the 6 and 5,
    compromising their ability to attack our blot is a highly significant and unusual feature of the position.
    More usual positions would be easier to evaluate. So I would suggest mentally improving the opponent's position by
    taking one each off the 6 and 5 and smoothing by putting them on the 7 and 8. If your conclusion is that this new standardised position is "almost a double but not quite" then clearly the position in
    the thread becomes a double because the position in the thread greatly improves on the standardised variant.

    I would guess that your mistake is not to pay enough attention to the ugly non-smooth nature of the opponent's prime.
    And variantization with more standard positions is a great technique. Tim is a world-class master at constructing
    variantizations and I'm sure it serves his backgammon well.

    Paul

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  • From Robert Zimmerman@21:1/5 to peps...@gmail.com on Mon Mar 6 05:09:29 2023
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 5:41:34 AM UTC-5, peps...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 1:51:23 AM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Sunday, March 5, 2023 at 2:13:00 PM UTC-5, peps...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Sunday, March 5, 2023 at 6:37:06 PM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Friday, March 3, 2023 at 11:44:42 PM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    XGID=aBBCCC--------A-bbbddA----:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O O | | O O X |
    | O O O | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | O O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X X | +---+
    | | | X X X X X | | 2 |
    | | | X X X X X | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 77 O: 117 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow
    With the cube in the center this should be a double by O'Hagan's rule: 11/36 get X over the prime and in good shape. 11/36 then get O in and maybe 1/3 of the time after that X will wind up being hit and back behind the prime. So 11/36 (1-(11/36 *
    1/3)) = 27% would be my crude guess for O's winning chances. What I don't know is how much cube ownership is worth in a situation like this that can remain volatile. I'm guessing that it's valuable enough to hang onto the cube and not redouble.
    I don't think estimating the winning chances is practical here.
    It's clear to me that it's a huge double.
    Having said that, plenty of things that are "clear to me" are in fact false --
    I'm not saying "you're wrong", just explaining my thought processes.

    One thing is that our sixes seem to win us quite a few gammons bearing in mind the
    extra six crossovers in addition to the checker at the bar. Superficially, it seems there's a kind of symmetry. Whoever gets the first six has a great
    position. But our sixes are far stronger than the opponent's sixes. If our opponent enters first,
    our straggler will be difficult to contain without us getting shots.


    Paul
    Yeah, I can see your point about trying to calculate winning chances, and gammons for that matter. Maybe approaching futility without a reference position?
    O'Hagan's rule (would love to know how it was derived) says double from a centered cube when you have 9 out of 36 market losing sequences, provided you still have a good game going if you don't roll one of those market losers. It applies to
    situations that are a challenge to evaluate by position, race, threats. This is definitely a double from the center by those criteria. But any ideas on how to adjust for cube ownership? It seems intuitive to hold onto the cube when you think some
    volatility will persist for another sequence or two or three. Is that correct?
    Thanks,
    Bob
    It's not an enormous double -- only 0.08 equity is lost by holding which isn't huge by normal non-expert
    standards of cube play.

    What mistakes may you have made by holding? Well, the fact that the opponent has those ugly 4 stacks on the 6 and 5,
    compromising their ability to attack our blot is a highly significant and unusual feature of the position.
    More usual positions would be easier to evaluate. So I would suggest mentally improving the opponent's position by
    taking one each off the 6 and 5 and smoothing by putting them on the 7 and 8.
    If your conclusion is that this new standardised position is "almost a double but not quite" then clearly the position in
    the thread becomes a double because the position in the thread greatly improves on the standardised variant.

    I would guess that your mistake is not to pay enough attention to the ugly non-smooth nature of the opponent's prime.
    And variantization with more standard positions is a great technique. Tim is a world-class master at constructing
    variantizations and I'm sure it serves his backgammon well.

    Paul

    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X is not so
    valuable we should hold onto the cube.

    Bob

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  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to Robert Zimmerman on Mon Mar 6 08:50:36 2023
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X is not so
    valuable we should hold onto the cube.

    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and
    large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth
    trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer
    thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow

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  • From pepstein5@gmail.com@21:1/5 to Timothy Chow on Mon Mar 6 16:45:41 2023
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 1:50:38 PM UTC, Timothy Chow wrote:
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X is not
    so valuable we should hold onto the cube.
    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and
    large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth
    trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer
    thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow

    My laptop with XG doesn't work so I can't try this myself.
    But how about this one from the opening?
    I run with an opening 64. You roll 55 and I dance.
    If you already had the cube, shouldn't you hold?

    Paul

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  • From Stick Rice@21:1/5 to Timothy Chow on Mon Mar 6 18:30:45 2023
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 8:50:38 AM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X is not
    so valuable we should hold onto the cube.
    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and
    large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth
    trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer
    thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow

    There is no shortage of positions of all types where it's an initial cube but not a recube for unlimited play. Fairly common.

    Stick

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  • From Robert Zimmerman@21:1/5 to Stick Rice on Mon Mar 6 19:15:25 2023
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 9:30:46 PM UTC-5, Stick Rice wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 8:50:38 AM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X is
    not so valuable we should hold onto the cube.
    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and
    large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth
    trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer
    thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow
    There is no shortage of positions of all types where it's an initial cube but not a recube for unlimited play. Fairly common.

    Stick

    Why is the original position not one of those?
    Bob

    Lohengrin: Prelude to Act I, Claudio Abbado, Chor der Winer Staatsoper & Vienna Philharmonic

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  • From pepstein5@gmail.com@21:1/5 to Stick Rice on Tue Mar 7 01:42:35 2023
    On Tuesday, March 7, 2023 at 2:30:46 AM UTC, Stick Rice wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 8:50:38 AM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X is
    not so valuable we should hold onto the cube.
    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and
    large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth
    trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer
    thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow
    There is no shortage of positions of all types where it's an initial cube but not a recube for unlimited play. Fairly common.

    That's what I thought, too.

    Paul

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  • From pepstein5@gmail.com@21:1/5 to Robert Zimmerman on Tue Mar 7 01:39:25 2023
    On Tuesday, March 7, 2023 at 3:15:26 AM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 9:30:46 PM UTC-5, Stick Rice wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 8:50:38 AM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X is
    not so valuable we should hold onto the cube.
    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and
    large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer
    thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow
    There is no shortage of positions of all types where it's an initial cube but not a recube for unlimited play. Fairly common.

    Stick
    Why is the original position not one of those?

    I don't understand why you're asking this question. A huge number of justifications have
    already been given on this thread for doubling.
    Your reasoning should lead you to conclude that holding initially is a greater mistake
    than holding when you own the cube, but your reasoning does nothing to indicate that holding when you own the cube is correct.

    Paul

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  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to Stick Rice on Tue Mar 7 08:44:04 2023
    On 3/6/2023 9:30 PM, Stick Rice wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 8:50:38 AM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X is not
    so valuable we should hold onto the cube.
    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and
    large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth
    trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer
    thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow

    There is no shortage of positions of all types where it's an initial cube but not a recube for unlimited play. Fairly common.

    I don't disagree. This doesn't contradict what I said.

    ---
    Tim Chow

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  • From Robert Zimmerman@21:1/5 to peps...@gmail.com on Tue Mar 7 06:39:43 2023
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 7:45:42 PM UTC-5, peps...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 1:50:38 PM UTC, Timothy Chow wrote:
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X is
    not so valuable we should hold onto the cube.
    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and
    large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth
    trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer
    thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow
    My laptop with XG doesn't work so I can't try this myself.
    But how about this one from the opening?
    I run with an opening 64. You roll 55 and I dance.
    If you already had the cube, shouldn't you hold?

    Paul

    Here's your answer.

    XGID=aB-B--C-A--aeE---c-e----B-:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O | | O X |
    | X O | | O X |
    | X O | | O |
    | X | | O |
    | X | | O |
    | |BAR| |
    | O | O | |
    | O | | |
    | O | | X | +---+
    | O | | X X X | | 2 |
    | O O X | | X X X | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 147 O: 158 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No redouble
    Player Winning Chances: 63.76% (G:33.75% B:0.46%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 36.24% (G:7.47% B:0.44%)
    Redouble/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 63.91% (G:34.35% B:0.44%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 36.09% (G:7.49% B:0.38%)

    Cubeless Equities: No Double=+0.538, Double=+1.095

    Cubeful Equities:
    No redouble: +0.763 (-0.041)
    Redouble/Take: +0.804
    Redouble/Pass: +1.000 (+0.196)

    Best Cube action: Redouble / Take

    Rollout:
    822 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.014 (+0.749..+0.778)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.025 (+0.780..+0.829)

    Double Decision confidence: 99.7%
    Take Decision confidence: 100.0%

    Duration: 7 minutes 23 seconds

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.10

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  • From Robert Zimmerman@21:1/5 to peps...@gmail.com on Tue Mar 7 07:35:49 2023
    On Tuesday, March 7, 2023 at 4:39:27 AM UTC-5, peps...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Tuesday, March 7, 2023 at 3:15:26 AM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 9:30:46 PM UTC-5, Stick Rice wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 8:50:38 AM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X
    is not so valuable we should hold onto the cube.
    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow
    There is no shortage of positions of all types where it's an initial cube but not a recube for unlimited play. Fairly common.

    Stick
    Why is the original position not one of those?
    I don't understand why you're asking this question. A huge number of justifications have
    already been given on this thread for doubling.
    Your reasoning should lead you to conclude that holding initially is a greater mistake
    than holding when you own the cube, but your reasoning does nothing to indicate
    that holding when you own the cube is correct.

    Paul
    I was looking for input from a local expert. The deluge of answers to my question weren't sufficient to wash it away. It just kept floating to the top. But I can let it go. *But First!*: Here's an example I've concocted for those who have the appetite.
    I think this one has sufficient enduring volatility that it warrants holding the cube. Well, that's my explanation.
    Bob

    X owns Cube
    ------------------------------------------ XGID=a--bBCCBAB------bbabbcA-A-:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | O O O | | O O O X X |
    | O O | | O O O |
    | | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X | +---+
    | X X | | X X X O | | 2 |
    | X X X | | X X X O | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 127 O: 144 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No redouble
    Player Winning Chances: 65.19% (G:26.50% B:1.02%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 34.81% (G:7.62% B:0.38%)
    Redouble/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 65.40% (G:26.01% B:1.04%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 34.60% (G:7.80% B:0.38%)

    Cubeless Equities: No Double=+0.499, Double=+0.993

    Cubeful Equities:
    No redouble: +0.739
    Redouble/Take: +0.706 (-0.033)
    Redouble/Pass: +1.000 (+0.261)

    Best Cube action: No redouble / Take
    Percentage of wrong pass needed to make the double decision right: 10.0%

    Rollout:
    548 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.015 (+0.724..+0.753)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.028 (+0.678..+0.734)

    Double Decision confidence: 97.8%
    Take Decision confidence: 100.0%

    Duration: 2 minutes 39 seconds

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.10


    Cube in Center
    ---------------------------------

    XGID=a--bBCCBAB------bbabbcA-A-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | O O O | | O O O X X |
    | O O | | O O O |
    | | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | | | X X |
    | X X | | X X X O |
    | X X X | | X X X O |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 127 O: 144 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 65.17% (G:26.60% B:1.02%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 34.83% (G:7.60% B:0.37%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 65.31% (G:26.48% B:1.08%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 34.69% (G:7.73% B:0.37%)

    Cubeless Equities: No Double=+0.500, Double=+1.002

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.687 (-0.033)
    Double/Take: +0.720
    Double/Pass: +1.000 (+0.280)

    Best Cube action: Double / Take

    Rollout:
    1139 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.012 (+0.675..+0.698)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.020 (+0.700..+0.739)

    Double Decision confidence: 99.8%
    Take Decision confidence: 100.0%

    Duration: 5 minutes 56 seconds

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.10

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From pepstein5@gmail.com@21:1/5 to Robert Zimmerman on Tue Mar 7 08:19:40 2023
    On Tuesday, March 7, 2023 at 2:39:44 PM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 7:45:42 PM UTC-5, peps...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 1:50:38 PM UTC, Timothy Chow wrote:
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X is
    not so valuable we should hold onto the cube.
    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and
    large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer
    thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow
    My laptop with XG doesn't work so I can't try this myself.
    But how about this one from the opening?
    I run with an opening 64. You roll 55 and I dance.
    If you already had the cube, shouldn't you hold?

    Paul
    Here's your answer.

    XGID=aB-B--C-A--aeE---c-e----B-:1:1:1:00:0:0:0:0:10
    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O | | O X |
    | X O | | O X |
    | X O | | O |
    | X | | O |
    | X | | O |
    | |BAR| |
    | O | O | |
    | O | | |
    | O | | X | +---+
    | O | | X X X | | 2 |
    | O O X | | X X X | +---+
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 147 O: 158 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 2, X own cube
    X on roll, cube action
    Analyzed in Rollout
    No redouble
    Player Winning Chances: 63.76% (G:33.75% B:0.46%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 36.24% (G:7.47% B:0.44%)
    Redouble/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 63.91% (G:34.35% B:0.44%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 36.09% (G:7.49% B:0.38%)

    Cubeless Equities: No Double=+0.538, Double=+1.095

    Cubeful Equities:
    No redouble: +0.763 (-0.041)
    Redouble/Take: +0.804
    Redouble/Pass: +1.000 (+0.196)
    Best Cube action: Redouble / Take

    Rollout:
    822 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.014 (+0.749..+0.778)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.025 (+0.780..+0.829)

    Double Decision confidence: 99.7%
    Take Decision confidence: 100.0%

    Duration: 7 minutes 23 seconds

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.10

    Thanks a lot for this.
    So my attempt at an example doesn't work but it is only 0.04
    away from working.

    If the position is further changed by letting the underdog play two further aces from their six point to their 5 point,
    then we may get a position that's an initial double only.

    Paul

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From pepstein5@gmail.com@21:1/5 to Robert Zimmerman on Tue Mar 7 09:17:30 2023
    On Tuesday, March 7, 2023 at 3:35:50 PM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Tuesday, March 7, 2023 at 4:39:27 AM UTC-5, peps...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Tuesday, March 7, 2023 at 3:15:26 AM UTC, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 9:30:46 PM UTC-5, Stick Rice wrote:
    On Monday, March 6, 2023 at 8:50:38 AM UTC-5, Timothy Chow wrote:
    On 3/6/2023 8:09 AM, Robert Zimmerman wrote:
    Thanks, Paul. I think my error was not to recognize that even if X fails to jump the prime this roll and O then comes in with a 6, the strength of the position often does not warrant a redouble from O on her next roll. So cube ownership for X
    is not so valuable we should hold onto the cube.
    Other than in pure races, I have found relatively few situations
    in which the computer says to double but not redouble (for money,
    of course---matches are an entirely different matter), and by and large, such situations are so subtle that I don't think it's worth trying to master them.

    Sending the cube in a priming battle can be scary because there
    can be sudden huge swings, but even in priming battles, I think
    you have to work pretty hard to find positions where the computer thinks it's a double but not a redouble.

    ---
    Tim Chow
    There is no shortage of positions of all types where it's an initial cube but not a recube for unlimited play. Fairly common.

    Stick
    Why is the original position not one of those?
    I don't understand why you're asking this question. A huge number of justifications have
    already been given on this thread for doubling.
    Your reasoning should lead you to conclude that holding initially is a greater mistake
    than holding when you own the cube, but your reasoning does nothing to indicate
    that holding when you own the cube is correct.

    Paul
    I was looking for input from a local expert. The deluge of answers to my question weren't sufficient to wash it away. It just kept floating to the top. But I can let it go. *But First!*: Here's an example I've concocted for those who have the appetite.
    I think this one has sufficient enduring volatility that it warrants holding the cube. Well, that's my explanation.

    In my opinion, the only active poster here with any reasonable claim to expertise is Stick.
    Sometimes I'm impressed by Tim's analyses but sometimes not.

    If you own the cube, there are two things to consider:
    1) How good is your position?
    2) How much recube vig would the cube give the opponent (similar to your mention of volatility).

    When you combine 1) and 2), you get a cube and the strengths of your position (the original position) have been explained
    in detail here.
    For an initial cube, the opponent has cube access anyway so there's less of a downside to cubing.
    So the cubing is clearer in the initial case than the non-initial case but that doesn't mean that we
    should be surprised that it's also a recube.

    Your rollouts (for the new position) don't look extensive enough to reach a conclusion. I think it's a redouble despite your
    preliminary results.

    Paul

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Robert Zimmerman@21:1/5 to All on Wed Mar 8 05:41:24 2023
    Your rollouts (for the new position) don't look extensive enough to reach a conclusion. I think it's a redouble despite your
    preliminary results.

    Paul

    People go for open heart surgery based on studies that accept 95% confidence intervals as solid evidence. And about 1% die of complications. The world is a safer place with me not working for NASA, but if I did I would want 10 studies with 99.999999999%
    confidence before launch. For purposes of illustrating a point in a board game, I can settle for 97.8%.
    Bob

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Mon Jun 5 08:44:58 2023
    XGID=b-ABBBB-A---cB---bccb-AAA-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O | | O O X X X |
    | X O O | | O O |
    | O | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | O | |
    | O | | |
    | O | | X X X X |
    | O X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 141 O: 154 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow

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  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Wed Jun 7 09:24:21 2023
    XGID=b-ABBBB-A---cB---bccb-AAA-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O | | O O X X X |
    | X O O | | O O |
    | O | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | O | |
    | O | | |
    | O | | X X X X |
    | O X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 141 O: 154 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    O has two items of compensation to consider. (1) X has three
    checkers behind O's four-prime, with only one of them ready to
    jump out directly with a 6 (and his 6's are duplicated to jump
    out and cover). (2) X still has a blot in his board that he
    might not cover. I thought this was enough to give O a take,
    but XG disagrees. But see the variant, where X's blot has been
    shifted from his 2pt to his 1pt.

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 66.35% (G:42.31% B:1.01%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 33.65% (G:8.20% B:0.45%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 66.50% (G:42.91% B:1.04%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 33.50% (G:8.28% B:0.48%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.812 (-0.188)
    Double/Take: +1.091 (+0.091)
    Double/Pass: +1.000

    Best Cube action: Double / Pass

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.017 (+0.795..+0.829)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.023 (+1.068..+1.115)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    -------
    Variant
    -------

    XGID=bA-BBBBA----cB---bccb-AAA-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O | | O O X X X |
    | X O O | | O O |
    | O | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | O | |
    | O | | |
    | O | | X X X X |
    | O X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 139 O: 154 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 63.52% (G:41.95% B:0.60%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 36.48% (G:9.19% B:0.54%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 63.95% (G:42.34% B:0.60%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 36.05% (G:9.61% B:0.55%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.733 (-0.183)
    Double/Take: +0.916
    Double/Pass: +1.000 (+0.084)

    Best Cube action: Double / Take

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.013 (+0.720..+0.746)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.021 (+0.895..+0.937)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    ---
    Tim Chow

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Stick Rice@21:1/5 to Timothy Chow on Wed Jun 28 07:37:38 2023
    On Wednesday, June 7, 2023 at 9:24:22 AM UTC-4, Timothy Chow wrote:
    XGID=b-ABBBB-A---cB---bccb-AAA-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O | | O O X X X |
    | X O O | | O O |
    | O | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | O | |
    | O | | |
    | O | | X X X X |
    | O X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 141 O: 154 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action
    O has two items of compensation to consider. (1) X has three
    checkers behind O's four-prime, with only one of them ready to
    jump out directly with a 6 (and his 6's are duplicated to jump
    out and cover). (2) X still has a blot in his board that he
    might not cover. I thought this was enough to give O a take,
    but XG disagrees. But see the variant, where X's blot has been
    shifted from his 2pt to his 1pt.

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 66.35% (G:42.31% B:1.01%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 33.65% (G:8.20% B:0.45%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 66.50% (G:42.91% B:1.04%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 33.50% (G:8.28% B:0.48%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.812 (-0.188)
    Double/Take: +1.091 (+0.091)
    Double/Pass: +1.000

    Best Cube action: Double / Pass

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.017 (+0.795..+0.829)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.023 (+1.068..+1.115)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    -------
    Variant
    -------

    XGID=bA-BBBBA----cB---bccb-AAA-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10
    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X O O | | O O X X X |
    | X O O | | O O |
    | O | | O |
    | | | |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | O | |
    | O | | |
    | O | | X X X X |
    | O X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 139 O: 154 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action
    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 63.52% (G:41.95% B:0.60%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 36.48% (G:9.19% B:0.54%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 63.95% (G:42.34% B:0.60%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 36.05% (G:9.61% B:0.55%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.733 (-0.183)
    Double/Take: +0.916
    Double/Pass: +1.000 (+0.084)

    Best Cube action: Double / Take

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.013 (+0.720..+0.746)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.021 (+0.895..+0.937)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    ---
    Tim Chow

    Usually worth looking at too in similar positions is push the prime forward for the person facing the T/P decision. It remains a four prime and here is easier to jump but it also makes our hits more potent and sometimes cuts down on our gammons lost
    simply by taking the crossovers. (XGID=b-ABBBB-A---cB----ccbbAAA-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10 - which turns out to be a very close take/pass decision leaning slightly to the pass side)

    Stick

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Sun Dec 3 09:42:35 2023
    XGID=abB-BBC-----cE-----cbbb-A-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X | | O O O O X |
    | X | | O O O O |
    | X | | O |
    | X | | |
    | X | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | O | | X |
    | O | | X X X X O |
    | O | | X X X X O |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 129 O: 154 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow

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  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Tue Dec 5 08:58:47 2023
    XGID=abB-BBC-----cE-----cbbb-A-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X | | O O O O X |
    | X | | O O O O |
    | X | | O |
    | X | | |
    | X | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | O | | X |
    | O | | X X X X O |
    | O | | X X X X O |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 129 O: 154 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    I passed this cube, and was amazed to see how big a take XG thought
    it was. If X's 2pt is upgraded to his 3pt, then the rollout indicates
    a pass (see variant below).

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 66.69% (G:23.53% B:2.30%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 33.31% (G:8.07% B:0.29%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 66.74% (G:23.77% B:2.35%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 33.26% (G:7.98% B:0.27%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.744 (-0.026)
    Double/Take: +0.770
    Double/Pass: +1.000 (+0.230)

    Best Cube action: Double / Take

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.016 (+0.728..+0.761)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.022 (+0.748..+0.793)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    -------
    Variant
    -------

    XGID=ab-BBBC-----cE-----cbbb-A-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | X | | O O O O X |
    | X | | O O O O |
    | X | | O |
    | X | | |
    | X | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | | |
    | O | | X |
    | O | | X X X X O |
    | O | | X X X X O |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 131 O: 154 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 71.35% (G:25.45% B:2.36%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 28.65% (G:6.62% B:0.27%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 71.52% (G:25.23% B:2.36%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 28.48% (G:6.64% B:0.22%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.889 (-0.111)
    Double/Take: +1.049 (+0.049)
    Double/Pass: +1.000

    Best Cube action: Double / Pass

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.010 (+0.879..+0.900)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.017 (+1.032..+1.066)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    ---
    Tim Chow

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Wed Jan 17 09:05:39 2024
    XGID=bBBCB-B--A--b-a--bbdbA-AA-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | O O O | | O O X X X |
    | O O | | O O |
    | | | O |
    | | | O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | O | |
    | | | X |
    | O | | X X X X X |
    | O X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 112 O: 151 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    ---
    Tim Chow

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  • From Timothy Chow@21:1/5 to All on Fri Jan 19 10:33:14 2024
    XGID=bBBCB-B--A--b-a--bbdbA-AA-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | O O O | | O O X X X |
    | O O | | O O |
    | | | O |
    | | | O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | O | |
    | | | X |
    | O | | X X X X X |
    | O X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 112 O: 151 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    Can O take? Two checkers on the bar against a five-point board, with a
    third blot vulnerable to being hit as well, looks like a pretty dire predicament. But X may have some difficulty leaping his back checkers
    over O's prime before he is forced to crunch his board. The rollout
    below says it's a pass, but just barely. Shifting X's spare on his
    3pt to his 2pt causes XG to take (see variant below).

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 63.64% (G:46.08% B:0.79%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 36.36% (G:7.82% B:0.37%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 63.74% (G:46.55% B:0.63%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 36.26% (G:7.89% B:0.35%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.748 (-0.252)
    Double/Take: +1.014 (+0.014)
    Double/Pass: +1.000

    Best Cube action: Double / Pass

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.013 (+0.735..+0.761)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.020 (+0.994..+1.033)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    -------
    Variant
    -------

    XGID=bBCBB-B--A--b-a--bbdbA-AA-:0:0:1:00:0:0:0:0:10

    Score is X:0 O:0. Unlimited Game
    +13-14-15-16-17-18------19-20-21-22-23-24-+
    | O O O | | O O X X X |
    | O O | | O O |
    | | | O |
    | | | O |
    | | | |
    | |BAR| |
    | | O | |
    | | O | |
    | | | X |
    | O | | X X X X X |
    | O X | | X X X X X |
    +12-11-10--9--8--7-------6--5--4--3--2--1-+
    Pip count X: 111 O: 151 X-O: 0-0
    Cube: 1
    X on roll, cube action

    Analyzed in Rollout
    No double
    Player Winning Chances: 62.53% (G:45.18% B:0.73%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 37.47% (G:8.22% B:0.40%)
    Double/Take
    Player Winning Chances: 62.73% (G:45.75% B:0.62%)
    Opponent Winning Chances: 37.27% (G:8.32% B:0.43%)

    Cubeful Equities:
    No double: +0.701 (-0.225)
    Double/Take: +0.926
    Double/Pass: +1.000 (+0.074)

    Best Cube action: Double / Take

    Rollout:
    1296 Games rolled with Variance Reduction.
    Dice Seed: 271828
    Moves: 3-ply, cube decisions: XG Roller
    Confidence No Double: ± 0.014 (+0.686..+0.715)
    Confidence Double: ± 0.021 (+0.905..+0.947)

    eXtreme Gammon Version: 2.19.211.pre-release

    ---
    Tim Chow

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)