https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.22032
Accepted: 30 April 2024
Terrestriality across the primate order:
A review and analysisof ground use in primates

Abstract
Terrestriality is relatively rare in the
predominantly arboreal primate order. How
frequently, and when, terrestriality
appears in primate evolution, and the
factors that influence this behavior, are
not well understood. To investigate this,
we compiled data describing terrestriality
in 515 extant nonhuman primate taxa. We
describe thegeographic and phylogenetic
distribution of terrestriality, including
an ancestral state reconstruction
estimating the frequency and timing of
evolutionary transitions to
terrestriality. We review hypotheses
concerning the evolution of primate
terrestriality and test these using data
we collected pertaining to
characteristics including body mass and
diet, and ecological factors including
forest structure, food availability,
weather, and predation pressure. Using
Bayesian analyses, we find body mass and
normalized difference vegetation index
are the most reliable predictors of
terrestriality. When considering subsets
of taxa, we find ecological factors such
as forest height and rainfall, and not
body mass, are the most reliable
predictors of terrestriality for
platyrrhines and lemurs.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)