One of the most famous works of astronomy is the Lenten Pretzel of Kepler or Panis Quadragesimalis (Forty day bread)-
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Kepler#/media/File:Kepler_Mars_retrograde.jpg
"Copernicus, by attributing a single annual motion to the Earth, entirely rids the planets of these extremely intricate coils, leading the individual planets into their respective orbits, quite bare and very nearly circular. In the period of time shown
in the diagram, Mars traverses one and the same orbit as many times as the 'garlands' you see looped towards the centre, with one extra, making nine times, while at the same time the Earth repeats its circle sixteen times. " Kepler Astronomia Nova 1609
Kepler's observation represents both the motion of the Earth and Mars and not a geocentric description as the worthless late 17th century theorists following Newton thought it is. They still believe the Lenten Pretzel is geocentric even though it
represents the motion of Mars gauged against the stellar background as seen from a faster moving Earth-
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap181108.html
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