On Thursday, November 9, 2023 at 3:17:15 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Thursday, November 9, 2023 at 2:45:43 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Thursday, November 9, 2023 at 2:11:03 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

Boma ~ home, dome, womb, tomb?
B + (xy)uam(bu)a?

Ham @Anglo-Saxon : home, heim

Malay rumah, from Classical Malay rumah (“house”), from Proto-Malayic *rumah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumah

The word boma ultimately comes from the Persian word būm, which means "garrison, dwelling place, country, region".

Bumi.putera or bumiputra (Jawi: بوميڤوترا‎, Native)
The term is derived from the Sanskrit which was later absorbed into the classical Malay word bhumiputra (Sanskrit: भूमिपुत्र, romanized: bhū́mi.putra), which can be translated literally as "son of the land" or "son of the soil".

Domus @Ltn < domos @Grk : domain

Chimali @Azt: shield

Homeground, homebase defending/protecting/shielding territory

House/hut/shed is the constructed shelter, home is the base ~ fam.ily xyuambuatlay wambua(t)l

homo- @Grk: same vs hetero- ; Homo @Ltn: human

The prefix "homo-" comes from the Greek word homós, which means "same". It can also mean "equal, like," or "belonging to two or more jointly" [hut shared by parents?]

So finally.

Chimalli similar share !hxaro xyuambuatla cognates: shared home/shield/ostrich eggshell trade

https://www.outsideonline.com/culture/books-media/naked-and-afraid-real-blair-braverman/

Chuum, chuuq
cy.mbal/skin.bell

(T)uahuahtj(u)an(ka) =3xshield
Ykm @AEgypt: shield
Monguolu/Magal/magen/pacal

Magen/magal/pacal/ta.rga/wahachuanka/paahu.tu.wvota/tu.dung/ta.meng/si.paru/chi.malli/che.ltia@Azt: she.lter chi.ldren

Note: ta.mga/ta.maga@Mongol: stamp, round-seal, shield-shell?

Chimalli @Azt shield
Chuum @Nenets tipi

Khamara@Arb: to cover

Khimar@Arb: a cover

Chimal@Commanche: shield

Chimalli@Azt: shield
Sipar@Persian: shield
Pakal@Maya: shield (xyua lost due to forest canopy?) Buckler@Egl: shield

Perisai, melindungi@Mly: shield

Perisai @Mly: shield ~ paricel, kup.(h)arigolu Indic coracle

Melindungi @Mly: shield ~ mela @Grk: dark; malu @Mly: shy, shame, shield; maru @Jpn: circle

Loss of chi- (chimal, chimalli), si-, (sipar) leaves meli, malu, maru

Mail/maille armor? Net bag mesh

mail (n.2)

"metal ring armor," c. 1300, from Old French maille "link of mail, mesh of net," from Latin macula "mesh in a net," originally "spot, blemish," on notion that the gaps in a net or mesh looked like spots. Its use dates from late Roman times. The favorite
armor in Europe 12c.-13c., it was effective, but heavy and costly.

mail (n.1)
"post, letters," c. 1200, "a traveling bag, sack for keeping small articles of personal property," a sense now obsolete, from Old French male "wallet, bag, bundle," from Frankish *malha or some other Germanic source, from Proto-Germanic *malho- (source
also of Old High German malaha "wallet, bag," Middle Dutch male "bag"), from PIE *molko- "skin, bag.
(Molko @PIE: skin, bag? Not skin, but body?)


Melangun @Indon.: practice of a nomadic tribe in Sumatra (Suku Anak Dalam, tribe children interior) which moves when a member dies (same as Mbuti)
https://southeastasiaglobe.com/nomad-indigenous-rights-indonesia/

Kalkan@Trk: shield, (metal)

*XY(ua)(M/b/P)a(R/LL)I from *Xyuambuatlay ~ cy.mbal/skin.bell/an.vil(turtle shell/swell/mabul)
sy.mbol tamga-tamag@Mongolian: s.tamp/blaze/brand

skel- (1), *kel-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to cut."
It forms all or part of: coulter; cutlass; half; halve; scale (n.1) "skin plates on fish or snakes;" scale (n.2) "weighing instrument;" scalene; scallop; scalp; scalpel; school (n.2) "group of fish;" sculpture; shale; sheldrake; shelf; shell;

shield; shoal (n.2) "large number;" skoal; skill. [DD: scute]

shell (n.)
Old English sciell, scill, Anglian scell "seashell, eggshell," related to Old English scealu "shell, husk," from Proto-Germanic *skaljo "piece cut off; shell; scale" (source also of West Frisian skyl "peel, rind," Middle Low German schelle "pod,

rind, egg shell," Gothic skalja "tile"), with the shared notion of "covering that splits off," from PIE root *skel- (1) "to cut." Italian scaglia "chip" is from Germanic. [DD: !hxaro]

shelter (n.)
1580s, "structure affording protection," possibly an alteration of Middle English sheltron, sheldtrume "roof or wall formed by locked shields," from Old English scyldtruma, from scield "shield" (see shield (n.)) + truma "troop," related to Old

English trum "strong, firm, stable," from Proto-Germanic *trum-, from PIE *dru-mo-, suffixed form of root *deru- "be firm, solid, steadfast [DD: endura]

Scute(n) Borrowed from Latin scutum (“shield”). Compare scutum, escudo and scudo. Scales of tortoise shell

Scutum
Etymology
Referred to either Proto-Indo-European *skewH- (“to cover, protect”) or Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, split”). See obscūrus, Old Irish scíath, Russian щит (ščit). [DD: cover, protect, not cut]

cuticle (n.)
1610s, "outer layer of the skin, epidermis," from Latin cuticula, diminutive of cutis "skin," from PIE root *(s)keu- "to cover, conceal" (source also of hide (n.1)). Specialized sense of "skin at the base of the nail" is from 1907

cortex (n.)
1650s, "outer shell, husk;" in botany, zoology, anatomy, "some part or structure resembling bark or rind," from Latin cortex "bark of a tree" (from PIE root *sker- (1) "to cut"). Specifically of the brain, by 1741

Neo-etymologists have confused skin-hide-cover with cut-split.

Escudo@Spn: shield
Escondido/a@Spn: hide

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Wednesday, November 15, 2023 at 9:59:46 AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Thursday, November 9, 2023 at 3:17:15 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Thursday, November 9, 2023 at 2:45:43 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Thursday, November 9, 2023 at 2:11:03 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

Boma ~ home, dome, womb, tomb?
B + (xy)uam(bu)a?

Ham @Anglo-Saxon : home, heim

Malay rumah, from Classical Malay rumah (“house”), from Proto-Malayic *rumah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumah

The word boma ultimately comes from the Persian word būm, which means "garrison, dwelling place, country, region".

Bumi.putera or bumiputra (Jawi: بوميڤوترا‎, Native)
The term is derived from the Sanskrit which was later absorbed into the classical Malay word bhumiputra (Sanskrit: भूमिपुत्र, romanized: bhū́mi.putra), which can be translated literally as "son of the land" or "son of the soil"

.

Domus @Ltn < domos @Grk : domain

Chimali @Azt: shield

Homeground, homebase defending/protecting/shielding territory

House/hut/shed is the constructed shelter, home is the base ~ fam.ily xyuambuatlay wambua(t)l

homo- @Grk: same vs hetero- ; Homo @Ltn: human

The prefix "homo-" comes from the Greek word homós, which means "same".
It can also mean "equal, like," or "belonging to two or more jointly" [hut shared by parents?]

So finally.

Chimalli similar share !hxaro xyuambuatla cognates: shared home/shield/ostrich eggshell trade

https://www.outsideonline.com/culture/books-media/naked-and-afraid-real-blair-braverman/

Chuum, chuuq
cy.mbal/skin.bell

(T)uahuahtj(u)an(ka) =3xshield
Ykm @AEgypt: shield
Monguolu/Magal/magen/pacal

Magen/magal/pacal/ta.rga/wahachuanka/paahu.tu.wvota/tu.dung/ta.meng/si.paru/chi.malli/che.ltia@Azt: she.lter chi.ldren

Note: ta.mga/ta.maga@Mongol: stamp, round-seal, shield-shell?

Chimalli @Azt shield
Chuum @Nenets tipi

Khamara@Arb: to cover

Khimar@Arb: a cover

Chimal@Commanche: shield

Chimalli@Azt: shield
Sipar@Persian: shield
Pakal@Maya: shield (xyua lost due to forest canopy?) Buckler@Egl: shield

Perisai, melindungi@Mly: shield

Perisai @Mly: shield ~ paricel, kup.(h)arigolu Indic coracle

Melindungi @Mly: shield ~ mela @Grk: dark; malu @Mly: shy, shame, shield; maru @Jpn: circle

Loss of chi- (chimal, chimalli), si-, (sipar) leaves meli, malu, maru

Mail/maille armor? Net bag mesh

mail (n.2)

"metal ring armor," c. 1300, from Old French maille "link of mail, mesh of net," from Latin macula "mesh in a net," originally "spot, blemish," on notion that the gaps in a net or mesh looked like spots. Its use dates from late Roman times. The

favorite armor in Europe 12c.-13c., it was effective, but heavy and costly.

mail (n.1)
"post, letters," c. 1200, "a traveling bag, sack for keeping small articles of personal property," a sense now obsolete, from Old French male "wallet, bag, bundle," from Frankish *malha or some other Germanic source, from Proto-Germanic *malho- (source

also of Old High German malaha "wallet, bag," Middle Dutch male "bag"), from PIE *molko- "skin, bag.

(Molko @PIE: skin, bag? Not skin, but body?)

Melangun @Indon.: practice of a nomadic tribe in Sumatra (Suku Anak Dalam, tribe children interior) which moves when a member dies (same as Mbuti)
https://southeastasiaglobe.com/nomad-indigenous-rights-indonesia/

Kalkan@Trk: shield, (metal)

*XY(ua)(M/b/P)a(R/LL)I from *Xyuambuatlay ~ cy.mbal/skin.bell/an.vil(turtle shell/swell/mabul)
sy.mbol tamga-tamag@Mongolian: s.tamp/blaze/brand

skel- (1), *kel-, Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to cut."
It forms all or part of: coulter; cutlass; half; halve; scale (n.1) "skin plates on fish or snakes;" scale (n.2) "weighing instrument;" scalene; scallop; scalp; scalpel; school (n.2) "group of fish;" sculpture; shale; sheldrake; shelf; shell;

shield; shoal (n.2) "large number;" skoal; skill. [DD: scute]

shell (n.)
Old English sciell, scill, Anglian scell "seashell, eggshell," related to Old English scealu "shell, husk," from Proto-Germanic *skaljo "piece cut off; shell; scale" (source also of West Frisian skyl "peel, rind," Middle Low German schelle "

pod, rind, egg shell," Gothic skalja "tile"), with the shared notion of "covering that splits off," from PIE root *skel- (1) "to cut." Italian scaglia "chip" is from Germanic. [DD: !hxaro]

shelter (n.)
1580s, "structure affording protection," possibly an alteration of Middle English sheltron, sheldtrume "roof or wall formed by locked shields," from Old English scyldtruma, from scield "shield" (see shield (n.)) + truma "troop," related to

Old English trum "strong, firm, stable," from Proto-Germanic *trum-, from PIE *dru-mo-, suffixed form of root *deru- "be firm, solid, steadfast [DD: endura]

Scute(n) Borrowed from Latin scutum (“shield”). Compare scutum, escudo and scudo. Scales of tortoise shell

Scutum
Etymology
Referred to either Proto-Indo-European *skewH- (“to cover, protect”) or Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, split”). See obscūrus, Old Irish scíath, Russian щит (ščit). [DD: cover, protect, not cut]

cuticle (n.)
1610s, "outer layer of the skin, epidermis," from Latin cuticula, diminutive of cutis "skin," from PIE root *(s)keu- "to cover, conceal" (source also of hide (n.1)). Specialized sense of "skin at the base of the nail" is from 1907

cortex (n.)
1650s, "outer shell, husk;" in botany, zoology, anatomy, "some part or structure resembling bark or rind," from Latin cortex "bark of a tree" (from PIE root *sker- (1) "to cut"). Specifically of the brain, by 1741

Neo-etymologists have confused skin-hide-cover with cut-split.

Escudo@Spn: shield
Escondido/a@Spn: hide

Here compare chimal.li & sipar with supra @Skrt & zuber @Grm:

Xyuambuatl ~ summer

Xyuamb ~ sum, sieve, sift, seven, shabbo

Re. Oldeuropeancultureblog entry: Ganesha

That Ganesha represents the bountiful harvest can be seen from one of his names "suprakarna". Supra means winnowing basket.
Supra@Sanskrit: winnowing basket
Supra ~ XYUamBUA ~ sieve/shift/shave/save

Shiver: shaking of winnowing basket to sieve grain, ochre powder after pounding

Latin Phrase
vidē suprā: view above (text) = surface of domeshield
Antonym vidē īnfrā: view below/inside domeshield

Supra winnowing basket must be lifted above and shivered to sift to be effective and unclogged.
Shovel-basket (woven) was used after antler picks to sift or scoop dirt etc.
Supra xyuambua shovel lopar/lopat upo ll.upo lift/shift

Aqu.iver c.over s.uper upper/uber kophar kufarigolu/coracle inverted domeshield/monguolu
Acq.uire c.ollect/c.ollate (same-sized) grains of grasses/clay/sands/shavings
Ashes collected for what? Potash? Enrich soil? Tanning hides? >>>>>>>> Azt: olin, p.otli mb.uatlaya b.ounty/p.ound/foundry

Olah@Heb: burnt offerings (shewbread?), ashes?, remainder/shabbu.a.t.h
Olha@Bsq: forge, foundry, pounded
Olīn@Azt: quake/aquiver, movement/motion

Olin is both a surname and a given name. There are various meanings of the name: Old Norse origin: of the ancestors or "ancestor's heir" or "family's descendant". Swedish: "to inherit". Classical Nahuatl: "movement" or "quake"

Tapas@Sanskrit: "warmth, heat, fire"
cf Apa@Mbuti: campfire, ember

Tapas is a variety of austere spiritual practices in Indian religions. Basically it's asceticism, inner cleansing...The word "Tapas" which means "warmth, heat, fire", is based on the root Tap (तप्) meaning "to heat, to give out warmth,

to shine, to burn". The term evolves to also mean "to suffer, to mortify the body, undergo penance" in order to "burn away past karma" and liberate oneself...But I believe that originally it just meant to suffer (from heat, thirst and hunger) during the
last few scorching hot months before the grain harvest (Apr-May) and before the monsoon returns (May-Jun)...This is the "Tapas" endured by Gajasura before "Shiva started dancing in his belly"...Before the monsoon returned and the elephant Musth started...

At 5.30 in this youtube video of a Vietnamese woman building a jungle house, a basket shovel is used to move dirt, it can also be used to sieve.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tt9mdc8VpDc

A visit to Papua by a Javanese woman tourist, cutting sago tree, harvesting the pulp, processing into flour pancakes, kahm = hammer to pound pulp, troughs to sift sago powder in water, sumur = well, product put into store bags looks like cottage

cheese

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BpMIaCmwhFQ&t=315s

A visit to Papua by a Javanese woman tourist, 11:00 eating huge grubs from rotting sagu/sago "tidak ada rasnya"="not have (strong) taste", 9:45 baby carried in net bag on back, longhouse, building a tall house & shingling with fold palm fronds
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TGOYnLdW4qg

Dusun@Indon: hamlet ~ desa, kampong

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Mongolu @Mbuti : dome hut
Magoro @ Zambia : dugout canoe
Bolsa @ Spn : raft

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Friday, November 17, 2023 at 7:20:19 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

Mongolu @Mbuti : dome hut
Magoro @ Zambia : dugout canoe
Bolsa @ Spn : raft

Maimai @Maori(?) : a hunting blind, a hide

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Literate - lettered
Iterate - repeated, duplicate
Reiterate - repeated again, replicate

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Monday, November 20, 2023 at 3:33:36 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Friday, November 17, 2023 at 7:20:19 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

Mongolu @Mbuti : dome hut
Magoro @ Zambia : dugout canoe
Bolsa @ Spn : raft

Maimai @Maori(?) : a hunting blind, a hide
Chimal, chimalli : shield
(Xyua) mbuatl(ay) ~ (chi) mal(li) ~ ma(l)i x2 = maimai

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Pada Selasa, 21 November 2023 pukul 07.37.58 UTC+7, Daud Deden menulis:

On Monday, November 20, 2023 at 3:33:36 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Friday, November 17, 2023 at 7:20:19 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

Mongolu @Mbuti https://rebrand.ly/disinipastimaxwin
Magoro @ Zambia : https://rebrand.ly/disinipastimaxwin
Bolsa @ Spn : https://rebrand.ly/disinipastimaxwin

Maimai @Maori(?) : https://rebrand.ly/disinipastimaxwin
Chimal, chimalli https://rebrand.ly/disinipastimaxwin
(Xyua) mbuatl(ay) ~ (chi) mal(li) ~ ma(l)i x2 =https://rebrand.ly/disinipastimaxwin

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Monday, November 20, 2023 at 7:37:58 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Monday, November 20, 2023 at 3:33:36 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Friday, November 17, 2023 at 7:20:19 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

Mongolu @Mbuti : dome hut
Magoro @ Zambia : dugout canoe
Bolsa @ Spn : raft

Maimai @Maori(?) : a hunting blind, a hide
Chimal, chimalli : shield
(Xyua) mbuatl(ay) ~ (chi) mal(li) ~ ma(l)i x2 = maimai

Boma + bumi < buamai > maimai : hunter's blind/hide/shyed/shod/shed/shell xyua.(mb).tl

Blind : blend into background, invisible, blonde transparent, bland tasteless, blunt dull

(b/bl/r).e/o/i/a/u/ou.(nd/rd/um/oom) bend bind bond band bound blend blind blonde ...

Boundary ~ b.order.ly ~ p.otli; umbuatl umbo boss bort word?

Bivalve clam umbo
https://images.app.goo.gl/HPAaoSSzw6Yq6BdMA

The word umbo comes from the Latin word umbō which means "boss of a shield, protuberance, projecting piece of land", also for a mushroom cap. The word umbo is also related to the word umbilicus which means "navel".

Flora flower umbel
https://images.app.goo.ga/DxaddeGsdNFfFmcv5

The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade".

The word "umbrella" comes from the Italian word "ombrella". "Ombrella" is a modification of the Latin word "umbella", which comes from 'umbra', "shade" or "shadow". 

The word "umbrella" means "hand-held portable canopy which opens and folds


wombelle/wamba.la/(xy)uambuatla ~ umbrella

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Tuesday, November 21, 2023 at 9:09:28 AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Monday, November 20, 2023 at 7:37:58 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Monday, November 20, 2023 at 3:33:36 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Friday, November 17, 2023 at 7:20:19 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

Mongolu @Mbuti : dome hut
Magoro @ Zambia : dugout canoe
Bolsa @ Spn : raft

Maimai @Maori(?) : a hunting blind, a hide
Chimal, chimalli : shield
(Xyua) mbuatl(ay) ~ (chi) mal(li) ~ ma(l)i x2 = maimai

Boma + bumi < buamai > maimai : hunter's blind/hide/shyed/shod/shed/shell xyua.(mb).tl

Blind : blend into background, invisible, blonde transparent, bland tasteless, blunt dull

(b/bl/r).e/o/i/a/u/ou.(nd/rd/um/oom) bend bind bond band bound blend blind blonde ...

Boundary ~ b.order.ly ~ p.otli; umbuatl umbo boss bort word?

Bivalve clam umbo
https://images.app.goo.gl/HPAaoSSzw6Yq6BdMA

The word umbo comes from the Latin word umbō which means "boss of a shield, protuberance, projecting piece of land", also for a mushroom cap. The word umbo is also related to the word umbilicus which means "navel".

Flora flower umbel
https://images.app.goo.ga/DxaddeGsdNFfFmcv5

The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade".

The word "umbrella" comes from the Italian word "ombrella". "Ombrella" is a modification of the Latin word "umbella", which comes from 'umbra', "shade" or "shadow".

The word "umbrella" means "hand-held portable canopy which opens and folds

wombelle/wamba.la/(xy)uambuatla ~ umbrella

https://groups.google.com/g/sci.lang/c/wsX-rlqgCis/m/1NgWc-RsAwAJ

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Tuesday, November 21, 2023 at 9:16:48 AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Tuesday, November 21, 2023 at 9:09:28 AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Monday, November 20, 2023 at 7:37:58 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Monday, November 20, 2023 at 3:33:36 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Friday, November 17, 2023 at 7:20:19 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

Mongolu @Mbuti : dome hut
Magoro @ Zambia : dugout canoe
Bolsa @ Spn : raft

Maimai @Maori(?) : a hunting blind, a hide
Chimal, chimalli : shield
(Xyua) mbuatl(ay) ~ (chi) mal(li) ~ ma(l)i x2 = maimai

Boma + bumi < buamai > maimai : hunter's blind/hide/shyed/shod/shed/shell xyua.(mb).tl

Blind : blend into background, invisible, blonde transparent, bland tasteless, blunt dull

(b/bl/r).e/o/i/a/u/ou.(nd/rd/um/oom) bend bind bond band bound blend blind blonde ...

Boundary ~ b.order.ly ~ p.otli; umbuatl umbo boss bort word?

Bivalve clam umbo
https://images.app.goo.gl/HPAaoSSzw6Yq6BdMA

The word umbo comes from the Latin word umbō which means "boss of a shield, protuberance, projecting piece of land", also for a mushroom cap. The word umbo is also related to the word umbilicus which means "navel".

Flora flower umbel
https://images.app.goo.ga/DxaddeGsdNFfFmcv5

The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade".

The word "umbrella" comes from the Italian word "ombrella". "Ombrella" is a modification of the Latin word "umbella", which comes from 'umbra', "shade" or "shadow".

The word "umbrella" means "hand-held portable canopy which opens and folds

wombelle/wamba.la/(xy)uambuatla ~ umbrella

This post at gg scilang: https://groups.google.com/g/sci.lang/c/wsX-rlqgCis/m/1NgWc-RsAwAJ

This post at 1wow:
https://groups.io/g/1WorldofWords/message/100

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Note: now that I have posted cross links between scilang paleo-etymology thread and 1WoW, I can bypass the spam.]

https://theconversation.com/carved-trees-and-burial-sites-wiradjuri-elders-share-the-hidden-stories-of-marara-and-dhabuganha-216539?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=bylinetwitterbutton

Wiradjuri-led archaeological study of marara (carved trees/dendroglyphs) and dhabuganha (burials) shows sites' connections to Wiradjuri Lore, culture, and Country.

New paper by Caroline Spry et al. out now in AA. Read here (🔓): https://tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03122417.2023.2219378

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Did these words diverge from a single root meaning ("biting") a flake of stone (for tool) or splinter of wood (for tinder), but also a spark(le) and a part (apportioning food)?

Shard, potsherd
Sharp
Shark
Share
Spare
Part, portion

One etym. of shark from German schurgen means to poke.
Sharp from OEgl scearp
Shar+ p/k/d/e/ ~ XYuA(mb/P) but whence the 'r'? Chew, chum, chip

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

I see that the Indo spam has now attacked gg sci.bio.paleontology, but focused not on gambling but on mixed subjects, statistics books, movies etc. Gg may soon be rendered extinct.

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https://groups.io/g/1WorldofWords/message/104

Ring Species ~ Language Continuum
by Oscar Tay at Quora

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On 2/12/2023 1:11 p.m., Daud Deden wrote:

California Chumash linked to Peru, NW Mexico, not Hawaii

https://phys.org/news/2023-11-years-migrations-mexico-california-mystery.amp

The Polynesian import idea ignores the fact that the Chumash inhabited the archipelago islands off the coast of California for over 7,500 years, a good 6,300 years before Hawaiians arrived in Hawaii and thousands of years before any Polynesian lived on

an island.

No, it doesn't ignore it. The Polynesian contact theory is not based on
the Chumash getting to the islands, but on a very specific type of canoe construction, not found elsewhere in North America.

Even the technology specific to the canoe similarities predates the
Hawaiian population by several hundred years.

Points of interest:
"The earliest known Chumash village site is on Santa Rosa Island. It
belongs to the period around 7,500 BP."

"Around 2,500 BP (500 BC), there was significant evolution in technology
and increasing reliance on fishing."

"A new type of boat created by the Chumash known as tomol and by the
Tongva as te'aats, appeared on the islands around 1,500 BP (500 AD)."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_Islands_(California)

With a lack of Polynesian genes in the Americas and having winds, currents and chronology working against a Hawaiian visit to the Chumash coastal region, there may be no connection after all.

Chronology not a problem. Winds and currents were "against" the
Polynesians all the way; nevertheless they reached Rapanui etc. etc.
The source of the Chumash contact need not have been Hawaii
specifically. (I have a friend who knows more about it than either of
us, and maintains that it was more likely Fiji.)

I'm not arguing in favour of the Polynesian contact theory -- the
linguistic side of the evidence is pretty slender -- but it is not as
blatantly absurd as you suggest.

As I've speculated, it makes more sense that "Papuans" used metroxylon sago palm canoes to follow the northward then eastward then southward currents to California, White Sands, NM, Per, Brazil, tierra del Fuego, Chile than to imagine Polynesians

migrating to California etc.


Not to me.

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Daud Deden <daud.deden@gmail.com> wrote:

So no more new posts at sci.lang at gg after valentines day, just old archives. Alas.

Effective February 15, 2024, Google Groups will no longer support new
Usenet content. Posting and subscribing will be disallowed, and new
content from Usenet peers will not appear. Viewing and searching of historical data will still be supported as it is done today.
sci.lang

Well, given all the problems GG has propitiated over the years, that’s probably a good thing. Let’s hope that whoever was waiting for it to resume working will now look for an alternative.

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Ar an séú lá déag de mí na Nollaig, scríobh Antonio Marques:

Daud Deden <daud.deden@gmail.com> wrote:

So no more new posts at sci.lang at gg after valentines day, just old archives. Alas.

Effective February 15, 2024, Google Groups will no longer support new Usenet content. Posting and subscribing will be disallowed, and new content from Usenet peers will not appear. Viewing and searching of historical data will still be supported as it is done today.
sci.lang

Well, given all the problems GG has propitiated over the years, that’s probably a good thing. Let’s hope that whoever was waiting for it to resume
working will now look for an alternative.

Yes, absolutely.

I have a software project and I had moved the open communication to Usenet given difficulties with email delivery and Google servers. This is likely to make casual communication there harder, and I will need to investigate maintaining archives, but it may help sci.lang.

--
‘As I sat looking up at the Guinness ad, I could never figure out /
How your man stayed up on the surfboard after fourteen pints of stout’
(C. Moore)

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Sun, 17 Dec 2023 02:05:46 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

On Sunday, December 17, 2023 at 3:41:11?AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

Wunderbar vs wunderwohl/wonderful?

What's the diff?

Wohle whole full all

full
voll, vollständig, ganz, gefüllt, umfassend, satt
whole
ganze, ganz, gesamt, voll, heil
complete

komplett, vollständig, völlig, ganz, vollkommen, voll
I thought voll was wohle.

[nl] wel - [de] wohl - [en] well
vol - voll - full
heel - heil - whole
(the w in the latter English word is unetymological)

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Sun, 17 Dec 2023 00:41:07 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

Wunderbar vs wunderwohl/wonderful?

Wunderwohl AFAIK is not a word.

https://www.dwds.de/?q=wunderwohl&from=wb
Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, punkt DE: dwds.de.
Kennt es auch nicht.

https://www.dwds.de/wb/wundervoll
gibt es schon.

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On 2023-12-17, Daud Deden <daud.deden@gmail.com> wrote:

Wunderbar vs wunderwohl/wonderful?

I think you mean "wundervoll".

What's the diff?

They're largely synonymous.

--
Christian "naddy" Weisgerber naddy@mips.inka.de

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Christian Weisgerber <naddy@mips.inka.de> wrote:

On 2023-12-17, Daud Deden <daud.deden@gmail.com> wrote:

Wunderbar vs wunderwohl/wonderful?

I think you mean "wundervoll".

What's the diff?

They're largely synonymous.

I always get the feeling that wundervoll is influenced by english. Same
with at least some uses of meinen.

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Sun, 17 Dec 2023 14:27:14 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

On Sunday, December 17, 2023 at 10:39:28?AM UTC-5, Ruud Harmsen wrote:

Sun, 17 Dec 2023 02:05:46 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud....@gmail.com> scribeva:

On Sunday, December 17, 2023 at 3:41:11?AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

Wunderbar vs wunderwohl/wonderful?

What's the diff?

Wohle whole full all

full
voll, vollständig, ganz, gefüllt, umfassend, satt
whole
ganze, ganz, gesamt, voll, heil
complete

komplett, vollständig, völlig, ganz, vollkommen, voll
I thought voll was wohle.

[nl] wel - [de] wohl - [en] well

Thanks, so "voll" is full, while "wohl" is well, and heil is whole.
My guess is that they started as the same word meaning a whole full meal eaten well, a big belly, and a big hut (wealthy)

Your guess is wrong, the etymologies (which you no doubt will refuse
to accept) are all different, as Wiktionary quickly makes clear.
Dutch vol < Proto-Germanic fullaz
heel < hailaz
wel < wela

Nothing whatsoever to do with each other.

vol - voll - full
heel - heil - whole
(the w in the latter English word is unetymological)

--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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Mon, 18 Dec 2023 05:48:02 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

All these are derived dialect forms from *mbuatlay: belly, bueno/bon/bene-, wiljan, fullaz etc.

There we go again. Utter nonsense. No need for further comment.
--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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On 2023-12-18, Antonio Marques <no_email@invalid.invalid> wrote:

Wunderbar vs wunderwohl/wonderful?

I think you mean "wundervoll".

What's the diff?

They're largely synonymous.

I always get the feeling that wundervoll is influenced by english.

I don't think so. There's a gaggle of related words formed from
"Wunder" and an adjectivizing suffix:
* wunderbar
* wunderlich
* wundersam
* wundervoll

At the core they all mean 'wondrous, causing wonder', and you can
probably still find some semantic overlap when referring to Biblical
miracles or such, or older and poetic use, but the primary meanings
have developed over time, with "wunderbar"/"wundervoll" shifting
to 'wonderful, great', and "wunderlich"/"wundersam" taking on
'strange, excentric'.

Same with at least some uses of meinen.

If you have the sense 'to have a particular meaning' in mind, that
one goes back all the way to Old High German.

--
Christian "naddy" Weisgerber naddy@mips.inka.de

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Christian Weisgerber <naddy@mips.inka.de> wrote:

On 2023-12-18, Antonio Marques <no_email@invalid.invalid> wrote:

Wunderbar vs wunderwohl/wonderful?

I think you mean "wundervoll".

What's the diff?

They're largely synonymous.

I always get the feeling that wundervoll is influenced by english.

I don't think so. There's a gaggle of related words formed from
"Wunder" and an adjectivizing suffix:
* wunderbar
* wunderlich
* wundersam
* wundervoll

At the core they all mean 'wondrous, causing wonder', and you can
probably still find some semantic overlap when referring to Biblical
miracles or such, or older and poetic use, but the primary meanings
have developed over time, with "wunderbar"/"wundervoll" shifting
to 'wonderful, great', and "wunderlich"/"wundersam" taking on
'strange, excentric'.

I’m surprised you didn’t mention wunderschön, it’s the one I meet more often (I have no idea why).

Same with at least some uses of meinen.

If you have the sense 'to have a particular meaning' in mind, that
one goes back all the way to Old High German.

Does that include ‘to intend a particular meaning by one’s words’?

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Mon, 18 Dec 2023 19:40:53 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

german (adj) < germanus @Ltn : full siblings
"of the same parents or grandparents," c. 1300, from Old French germain "own, full; born of the same mother and father; closely related" (12c.), from Latin germanus "full, own (of brothers and sisters); one's own brother; genuine, real, actual, true,"

related to germen (genitive germinis) "sprout, bud," which is of uncertain origin; perhaps it is a dissimilation of PIE *gen(e)-men-, suffixed form of root *gene- "give birth, beget," with derivatives referring to procreation and familial and tribal
groups - gyne kin.d

Yes, but the ethnic names German etc. are not related to that.
--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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On 2023-12-18, Antonio Marques <no_email@invalid.invalid> wrote:

There's a gaggle of related words formed from
"Wunder" and an adjectivizing suffix:
* wunderbar
* wunderlich
* wundersam
* wundervoll

I’m surprised you didn’t mention wunderschön, it’s the one I meet more often (I have no idea why).

That's a different formation. The suffixes -bar, -lich, -sam, -voll
are bleached of meaning and are largely reduced to the grammatical
function of creating an adjective. (-bar is productive in the sense
of -able, but in older formations like "wunderbar" there is no such
meaning.)

In "wunderschön", "wunder-" is an intensifier for the base word
"schön" 'beautiful'.

Same with at least some uses of meinen.

If you have the sense 'to have a particular meaning' in mind, that
one goes back all the way to Old High German.

Does that include ‘to intend a particular meaning by one’s words’?

Do you have an example?

--
Christian "naddy" Weisgerber naddy@mips.inka.de

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On 27/12/2023 4:25 a.m., Daud Deden wrote:

On Monday, December 25, 2023 at 8:13:58 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

zodiac (n.)
late 14c., from Old French zodiaque, from Latin zodiacus "zodiac," from Greek zodiakos (kyklos) "zodiac (circle)," literally "circle of little animals," from zodiaion, diminutive of zoion "animal" (from PIE root *gwei- "to live"

*gwei-
Evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit jivah "alive, living;" Old Persian *jivaka- "alive," Middle Persian zhiwak "alive;" Greek bios "one's life, course or way of living, lifetime," zoe "animal life, organic life;" Old English cwic,

cwicu "living, alive;" Latin vivus "living, alive," vita "life;" Old Church Slavonic zivo "to live;" Lithuanian gyvas "living, alive," gyvata "(eternal) life;" Old Irish bethu "life," bith "age;" Welsh byd "world."

Nyama @ Mbuti : animal, animate, meat

Nyama ~ gyvata @ Lith, jivaka @ OPer, jivah @Skt

< (a) ngyuambuatla

From post 133 at 1wow

Angin @Mly : wind, airflow, breath eg. Kereta angin bike

Hm. I don't find 'breath' for Malay angin in either of my dictionaries.
I think kereta angin 'bicycle' could as easily be accounted for by the
'wind' sense.
Blust has PMP *haŋin 'wind', widely attested as noun or verb.
'Breath/breathe' are expressed by different roots.

But 'breath' and 'wind' are often associated, yes.
I thought of Melanesian Pidgin pulum win 'take a breath, inhale'.

And of course there's Greek anemos 'wind', Latin anima 'breath, soul,
spirit, life'. Both (per Watkins) from PIE *anə (H2enə) 'to breathe'.
(Close enough to the AN for a brief "Hm..." but no more.)

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Wed, 27 Dec 2023 14:27:04 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

Thanks for checking. It is an interpretation I made, that 'airflow' is both internal "breathes" and non-internal "breeze

Not related. The origin of breeze is a mystery: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/breeze#Etymology_1
The origin of breath(e) is also uncertain, but in different ways: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/breath#Etymology
--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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Thu, 28 Dec 2023 09:28:52 +1300: Ross Clark <benlizro@ihug.co.nz>
scribeva:

On 27/12/2023 4:25 a.m., Daud Deden wrote:

On Monday, December 25, 2023 at 8:13:58?PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

zodiac (n.)
late 14c., from Old French zodiaque, from Latin zodiacus "zodiac," from Greek zodiakos (kyklos) "zodiac (circle)," literally "circle of little animals," from zodiaion, diminutive of zoion "animal" (from PIE root *gwei- "to live"

*gwei-
Evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit jivah "alive, living;" Old Persian *jivaka- "alive," Middle Persian zhiwak "alive;" Greek bios "one's life, course or way of living, lifetime," zoe "animal life, organic life;" Old English cwic,

cwicu "living, alive;" Latin vivus "living, alive," vita "life;" Old Church Slavonic zivo "to live;" Lithuanian gyvas "living, alive," gyvata "(eternal) life;" Old Irish bethu "life," bith "age;" Welsh byd "world."

Nyama @ Mbuti : animal, animate, meat

Nyama ~ gyvata @ Lith, jivaka @ OPer, jivah @Skt

< (a) ngyuambuatla

From post 133 at 1wow

Angin @Mly : wind, airflow, breath eg. Kereta angin bike

Hm. I don't find 'breath' for Malay angin in either of my dictionaries.
I think kereta angin 'bicycle' could as easily be accounted for by the
'wind' sense.
Blust has PMP *ha?in 'wind', widely attested as noun or verb. >'Breath/breathe' are expressed by different roots.

But 'breath' and 'wind' are often associated, yes.
I thought of Melanesian Pidgin pulum win 'take a breath, inhale'.

And of course there's Greek anemos 'wind', Latin anima 'breath, soul,
spirit, life'. Both (per Watkins) from PIE *an? (H2en?) 'to breathe'.
(Close enough to the AN for a brief "Hm..." but no more.)

Hebrew and Arabic ruHH.
--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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Fri, 29 Dec 2023 04:07:46 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

On Thursday, December 28, 2023 at 11:21:18?AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:

On Thursday, December 28, 2023 at 8:27:44?AM UTC-5, Ruud Harmsen wrote:

Wed, 27 Dec 2023 14:27:04 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud....@gmail.com> scribeva:

Thanks for checking. It is an interpretation I made, that 'airflow' is both internal "breathes" and non-internal "breeze

Not related. The origin of breeze is a mystery:
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/breeze#Etymology_1
The origin of breath(e) is also uncertain, but in different ways:
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/breath#Etymology

Imo, most likely breeze & breathe (and likely spirit/esprit and possibly freeze & blew) derived from: *b?reh?- (“to blow; breath, vapor, steam”), but without certain Indo-European cognates outside Germanic.[2]

Same root as for brew? (Steaming/boiling/fermenting/bubbling?)
xyuam.bua.tla ~> b?reh?

No, very different yet again: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/brouwen#Etymology_1
--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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Wed, 3 Jan 2024 03:56:20 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

Cassette little box Frc

Case + diminutive > cassette

https://rudhar.com/lingtics/intrlnga/casetta.htm

--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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Fri, 12 Jan 2024 16:51:32 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

Most probably, second and twegan are cognates.

No, they are not. Completely different IE basis.

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Sat, 13 Jan 2024 13:19:58 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

I'd need more ancient data to establish a link.

If Wiktionary, based on trustworthy scientific sources, does not cite
a link, then there IS NO LINK. So no need to waste your time.

Etymology is fascinating enough as it is, without any need for wild speculations based on superficial similaries.

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Sat, 13 Jan 2024 12:01:40 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

Did 'second' derive from a sixtieth (60 seconds in a minute)?
The Spanish translation for 1/60 is "el ciento sesenta"

Seems highly unlikely, because [es] ciento means 100. You (or you
translation robot?) might be confusing it with the Spanish for 160?
[en] One sixtieth = [es] Un sexagésimo, says Google translate.

Did 'second' derive from a sixtieth (60 seconds in a minute)?

Instead of asking here (where hardly anybody still reads the
messages), you could have looked it up. It's in the same Wiktionary
page. It's actually quite interesting:

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/second#Etymology_2
« "From Middle English secunde, seconde, borrowed from Old French
seconde, from Medieval Latin secunda, short for secunda pars minuta
(“second diminished part (of the hour)”). »

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/minute#Etymology_2
« Borrowed from Latin minutus (“small", "petty”), perfect passive participle of minuo (“make smaller”). »

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Sun, 14 Jan 2024 07:06:14 +0100: Ruud Harmsen <rh@rudhar.com>
scribeva:

Sat, 13 Jan 2024 12:01:40 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

Did 'second' derive from a sixtieth (60 seconds in a minute)?
The Spanish translation for 1/60 is "el ciento sesenta"

Seems highly unlikely, because [es] ciento means 100. You (or you
translation robot?) might be confusing it with the Spanish for 160?
[en] One sixtieth = [es] Un sexagésimo, says Google translate.

Did 'second' derive from a sixtieth (60 seconds in a minute)?

Instead of asking here (where hardly anybody still reads the
messages), you could have looked it up. It's in the same Wiktionary
page. It's actually quite interesting:

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/second#Etymology_2
« "From Middle English secunde, seconde, borrowed from Old French
seconde, from Medieval Latin secunda, short for secunda pars minuta >(“second diminished part (of the hour)”). »

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/minute#Etymology_2
« Borrowed from Latin minutus (“small", "petty”), perfect passive >participle of minuo (“make smaller”). »

So a minute is a smaller part of an hour, and a second is yet another,
a second, smaller part of an hour, even smaller than a minute. A first
division and a second division. There could have been a tertia, which
would be 1/60 of a second. But there isn't, we switch to decimal for
that: milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, picoseconds, etc.

A Ts (terasecond) is 31688 years.
A Gs (gigasecond) is 31 years and and a little over 8 months.
A Ms (megasecond) is 11 days, 13 hours, 46 minutes, and 40 seconds.

Check:
11 * 24 * 3600 = 950400
13 * 3600 = 46800
46 * 60 = 2760
40 = 40
==============
Total: 1,000,000

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On 10/01/2024 3:42 a.m., Daud Deden wrote:

Incongruous?

O.nami @Jpn : big.wave
O.gawa @Jpn : small.river

The 'big' O is long.
The 'small' O is short, and is a dialect variant of KO.

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Tue, 6 Feb 2024 08:04:58 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

I'd like to correct the word 'underfur' to 'ventral fur' in the following cite:
 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proboscis_monkey
"The proboscis monkey has a long coat; the fur on the back is bright orange, reddish brown, yellowish brown or brick-red.[12][13] The underfur [DD: actually ventral fur] is light-grey, yellowish, or greyish to light-orange."
underfur: the fine, soft, thick, hairy coat under the longer and coarser outer hair (aka guard hair) only in certain animals, as seals, otters, and beavers.
All anthropoids (monkeys and apes) lack underfur, all have ventral fur to varying extents.

So why don't you change it? Anyone can.

But note the references 12 and 13. Is the word used there?

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On 2024-02-06 17:44:55 +0000, Ruud Harmsen said:

Tue, 6 Feb 2024 08:04:58 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

I'd like to correct the word 'underfur' to 'ventral fur' in the following cite:
 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proboscis_monkey
"The proboscis monkey has a long coat; the fur on the back is bright
orange, reddish brown, yellowish brown or brick-red.[12][13] The
underfur [DD: actually ventral fur] is light-grey, yellowish, or
greyish to light-orange."
underfur: the fine, soft, thick, hairy coat under the longer and
coarser outer hair (aka guard hair) only in certain animals, as seals,
otters, and beavers.
All anthropoids (monkeys and apes) lack underfur, all have ventral fur
to varying extents.

So why don't you change it? Anyone can.

Good question. Last edit in December 2023, so apparently Daud Deden
hasn't yet learned about editing Wikipedia.

But note the references 12 and 13. Is the word used there?

--
Athel -- French and British, living in Marseilles for 36 years; mainly
in England until 1987.

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Tue, 6 Feb 2024 13:09:55 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

On Tuesday, February 6, 2024 at 1:33:20?PM UTC-5, Athel Cornish-Bowden wrote: >> On 2024-02-06 17:44:55 +0000, Ruud Harmsen said:

Tue, 6 Feb 2024 08:04:58 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud....@gmail.com> scribeva:

I'd like to correct the word 'underfur' to 'ventral fur' in the following cite:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proboscis_monkey
"The proboscis monkey has a long coat; the fur on the back is bright
orange, reddish brown, yellowish brown or brick-red.[12][13] The
underfur [DD: actually ventral fur] is light-grey, yellowish, or
greyish to light-orange."
underfur: the fine, soft, thick, hairy coat under the longer and
coarser outer hair (aka guard hair) only in certain animals, as seals,
otters, and beavers.
All anthropoids (monkeys and apes) lack underfur, all have ventral fur
to varying extents.

So why don't you change it? Anyone can.

Good question.

It was the first time asked. By the third, it is idiotic.

Last edit in December 2023, so apparently Daud Deden

hasn't yet learned about editing Wikipedia.

Done did, as I've reported twice here already.

You this https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Qwfp is you?
Doesn't look like you style, however.

But note the references 12 and 13. Is the word used there?

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Tue, 6 Feb 2024 13:03:02 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

On Tuesday, February 6, 2024 at 12:45:02?PM UTC-5, Ruud Harmsen wrote:

Tue, 6 Feb 2024 08:04:58 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud....@gmail.com> scribeva:

I'd like to correct the word 'underfur' to 'ventral fur' in the following cite:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proboscis_monkey
"The proboscis monkey has a long coat; the fur on the back is bright orange, reddish brown, yellowish brown or brick-red.[12][13] The underfur [DD: actually ventral fur] is light-grey, yellowish, or greyish to light-orange."
underfur: the fine, soft, thick, hairy coat under the longer and coarser outer hair (aka guard hair) only in certain animals, as seals, otters, and beavers.
All anthropoids (monkeys and apes) lack underfur, all have ventral fur to varying extents.

So why don't you change it? Anyone can.

But note the references 12 and 13. Is the word used there?

As I said, it doesn't accept edits made on a public library computer.

Seeing the link you gave, with the m in it, you are working on a
smartphone. So go online with 4G for a moment, and edit. Or make an
account, there it will also work from a library.

It still hasn't been corrected, despite ithers reading my comment. Proves that wiki is unreliable and sometimes plainly wrong.

If a book by a scholar uses the term "underfur", that may be the going
term among scholars. If so, that is what Wikipedia should use too.
Even if it may be incorrect.

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Sun, 18 Feb 2024 21:45:15 -0800 (PST): Daud Deden
<daud.deden@gmail.com> scribeva:

https://x.com/weirddalle/status/1759230932614021304?s=20
(0n editing Wikipedia)

Strange though it may seem, in general it actually is reliable. And
very comprehensive. And so is Wiktionary.

Just like the various Linux distributions and other FOSS (free and
open source software) are high-quality, well able to compete with paid
Windows and Mac products.
--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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On 2024-02-19, Ruud Harmsen <rh@rudhar.com> wrote:

(0n editing Wikipedia)

Strange though it may seem, in general it actually is reliable. And
very comprehensive. And so is Wiktionary.

The various language editions of Wiktionary are a mixed bag.

The French edition is very good for French (where TLFi is a bit
overwhelming), not so much for anything else. The German edition
is inferior to DWDS.de for German and very incomplete even for
English. I don't think the Spanish and Italian editions cover their
respective languages very well. The English edition has by far the
best overall coverage, but still trails off quickly.

Etymology is always to be taken with a grain of salt, but that
applies to traditional dictionaries as well.

--
Christian "naddy" Weisgerber naddy@mips.inka.de

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Mon, 19 Feb 2024 12:48:54 -0000 (UTC): Christian Weisgerber <naddy@mips.inka.de> scribeva:

DWDS.de

Ja, digitales Wörterbuch der deutsche Sprache, punkt de. Immer leicht
das wieder zu finden wenn ich es schon wieder mal vergessen habe.

También así: dle.rae.es: dicionario de lengua española, Real Academia
de España, e.s. ¡Muy fácil!

En ook rmn.nl, Reinigingsbedrijf Midden-Nederland, to check when to
put the various kinds of dustbins in the street for garbage
collection.
--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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Mon, 19 Feb 2024 12:48:54 -0000 (UTC): Christian Weisgerber <naddy@mips.inka.de> scribeva:

On 2024-02-19, Ruud Harmsen <rh@rudhar.com> wrote:

(0n editing Wikipedia)

Strange though it may seem, in general it actually is reliable. And
very comprehensive. And so is Wiktionary.

The various language editions of Wiktionary are a mixed bag.

The French edition is very good for French (where TLFi is a bit >overwhelming), not so much for anything else. The German edition
is inferior to DWDS.de for German and very incomplete even for
English. I don't think the Spanish and Italian editions cover their >respective languages very well. The English edition has by far the
best overall coverage, but still trails off quickly.

Etymology is always to be taken with a grain of salt, but that
applies to traditional dictionaries as well.

I usually consult Wikipedia in any language I can read (English,
Dutch, German, Portuguese, Interlingua, sometimes also French, Spanish
or Esperanto), sometimes even in alanguage I need DeepL or GT for
(Hungarian, Russian, Arabic, Hebrew, Yiddish for example), but of
Wiktionary I only ever, with very few exceptions, use the English
version. If Google or DuckDuckGo finds me the Dutch version first, I
always click through to the English, because it is the only one with comprehensive etymologies, and I ALWAYS want to see the etymology,
even if mostly interested in meaning, conjugation or pronunciation.

--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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Mon, 19 Feb 2024 15:07:22 +0100: Ruud Harmsen <rh@rudhar.com>
scribeva:

digitales Wörterbuch der deutsche Sprache

der deutscheNNN Sprache. So concentrated on doing it right, that I did
it wrong.
--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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On 2024-02-19, Ruud Harmsen <rh@rudhar.com> wrote:

DWDS.de

También así: dle.rae.es: dicionario de lengua española, Real Academia
de España, e.s. ¡Muy fácil!

Another one for the collection:

Den Danske Ordbog
https://ordnet.dk/ddo

--
Christian "naddy" Weisgerber naddy@mips.inka.de

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Mon, 19 Feb 2024 15:56:27 -0000 (UTC): Christian Weisgerber <naddy@mips.inka.de> scribeva:

On 2024-02-19, Ruud Harmsen <rh@rudhar.com> wrote:

DWDS.de

También así: dle.rae.es: dicionario de lengua española, Real Academia
de España, e.s. ¡Muy fácil!

Another one for the collection:

Den Danske Ordbog
https://ordnet.dk/ddo

Ordnung muss sein!
--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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Tue, 20 Feb 2024 10:28:39 -0000 (UTC): Christian Weisgerber <naddy@mips.inka.de> scribeva:

On 2024-02-20, Ruud Harmsen <rh@rudhar.com> wrote:

Den Danske Ordbog
https://ordnet.dk/ddo

Ordnung muss sein!

No, that's a "wordbook".

I know, just kidding.

Old Norse lost initial /w/ (but not /hw/)
before back vowels. Compare wolf ~ ulf, Woden ~ Odin.

Interesting to see those other examples.
--
Ruud Harmsen, https://rudhar.com

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On 2024-02-20, Ruud Harmsen <rh@rudhar.com> wrote:

Den Danske Ordbog
https://ordnet.dk/ddo

Ordnung muss sein!

No, that's a "wordbook". Old Norse lost initial /w/ (but not /hw/)
before back vowels. Compare wolf ~ ulf, Woden ~ Odin.

--
Christian "naddy" Weisgerber naddy@mips.inka.de

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