• Re: The reality of sets, on a scale of 1 to 10 (theory of theories)

    From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to Ross Finlayson on Mon Mar 24 10:24:24 2025
    On 3/23/2025 2:23 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 03/23/2025 10:33 AM, Jim Burns wrote:
    On 3/22/2025 9:36 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 03/22/2025 01:07 PM, Moebius wrote:

    Nuff said (concerning the context). :-P

    Does it live in
    a mathematical platonist's real universe
    of all the mathematical objects?

    Or rather, mathematical platonism's?

    ⎛ Most writers on the subject seem to agree
    ⎜ that the typical working mathematician is
    ⎜ a Platonist on weekdays and
    ⎜ a formalist on Sundays.

      — Philip J. Davis.

    Oh, what about a mathematical universe hypothesis?

    Combining a strong mathematical platonism with
    a strong mathematical universe hypothesis and
    a strong logicist positivism, is there "A Theory",
    at all?

    Yes.

    The Theory?

    No.

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  • From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to Chris M. Thomasson on Mon Mar 24 11:45:24 2025
    On 3/23/2025 10:48 PM, Chris M. Thomasson wrote:
    On 3/23/2025 11:23 AM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 03/23/2025 10:33 AM, Jim Burns wrote:

    ⎜ It seems unreasonable for us to have
    ⎜ what could be called 'knowledge' about
    ⎜ conditions billions of years earlier or later
    ⎜ or billions of light.years away.
    ⎜ I put that down to mathematical argument
    ⎜ which reaches far, far beyond
    ⎜ anything our intuition might have to say,
    ⎜ but, because it's mathematical,
    ⎜ we know is imperishably bonded to this shape
    ⎝ which fits our much less extensive experience.

    Oh, what about a mathematical universe hypothesis?

    It might have something to do with fractals...
    Perhaps, well, sometimes I think
    we (our universe) might be contained within
    a black hole residing inside our parent universe.
    Two massive black holes might of merged in our parent,
    there merger was "fertile",
    and created us, perhaps?.
    Our universe.
    This is just thinking out loud here for fun.
    Whatever! ;^)

    You aren't alone in asking questions like those.

    For a very long time, there wasn't much evidence
    to help in picking better or worse answers.

    For example, Olbers' Paradox argues that
    the universe is NOT the same
    forever in all directions.
    It argues that from the observation that
    it's dark at night.

    We have a little more useful.evidence today,
    but it's like reconstructing an extinct species
    from half a jawbone.

    Fairly recent evidence is that
    the universe is not expanding equally
    in all directions.
    That tips over a lot of apple carts.
    Tipping.over is to be expected occasionally
    when one paints "artist's conception" into
    vast gaps between actual facts.

    Along the lines of your thinking:

    Suppose physics permits, in some universes,
    a really advanced technology to bud off
    baby universes, with some variation in constants.
    Those life.friendly, civilization.friendly universes
    would provide the lion's share of universes.

    That's intended to explain why our universe
    is so friendly to us. Pick a random universe.
    Since (assuming blablablah) most are friendly,
    you've most likely picked a friendly universe.

    Sigh. But I feel like the ace of spades
    has been palmed at some point, even if
    I haven't spotted where.

    A counter.argument points to the amazing precision
    with which that puddle fits the hole it's in.
    We do not explain that with super.technology.
    Maybe our universe is friendly to us
    because it's our universe,
    and that's the end of the story.

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  • From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to Ross Finlayson on Mon Mar 24 14:20:42 2025
    On 3/24/2025 12:08 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 03/24/2025 08:45 AM, Jim Burns wrote:



    Of course neither Big Bang nor Steady State
    are falsifiable according to the usual tenets of
    never violating time symmetry in physics and
    not yet having found the end of the sidewalk or
    Flat-Earthers.

    Either fit the data, any time, ....

    A big criticism of using falsifiability
    to determine what deserves the label 'science'
    is that
    a theory can pretty much always be saved
    by tweaking in various ways.
    (See also Ptolemaic epicycles.)

    It seems that a theory can be saved
    _and it will be saved_
    until a better theory comes along.
    Physics is not like mathematics.

    If, in some future,
    enough evidence makes Flat Earth Theory
    a better explanation than Round Earth Theory,
    then I would expect Flat Earth Theory
    to become the new (old) default explanation.

    I can chuckle about Flat Earth Theory,
    but we have seen the smashing of theory.idols
    at that level.
    My memory may have invented this, but
    I think 'revolution' as in
    'out with the old bastards, in with the new'
    was borrowed from Copernicus.

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  • From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to Ross Finlayson on Mon Mar 24 16:11:20 2025
    On 3/24/2025 11:46 AM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 03/24/2025 07:24 AM, Jim Burns wrote:
    On 3/23/2025 2:23 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:

    Combining a strong mathematical platonism with
    a strong mathematical universe hypothesis and
    a strong logicist positivism, is there "A Theory",
    at all?

    Yes.

    The Theory?

    No.

    So, you'll aver that there is a theory,
    then that there's a greater theory,

    I suspect that a theory is greater iff
    it has the larger domain.
    I ask (without expecting an answer)
    if that's what you (RF) mean by 'greater'.

    The problem presented by
    measuring theories by size.of.domain
    is that,
    if a first.order.theory has an infinite model,
    then it has models of all infinite cardinalities.

    By that criterion,
    there are finite.modeled theories, and
    there are infinite.modeled theories,
    the infinite.modeled theories having
    considerable vagueness surrounding
    what they are theories of.

    then that there's a greater theory, and so on, in
    all higher orders of theory, in the limit complete?

    A sort of "continuum limit" of theory?

    The Theory?

    Asking "The Domain?" makes more sense to me.

    The standard _domain_ for a great deal of mathematics
    is, for one of the ordinals β, the von Neumann universe Vᵦ
    ⎛ V₀ = {}
    ⎜ Vᵦ = 𝒫Vᵦ₋₁
    ⎜ For limit ordinal β
    ⎝ Vᵦ = ⋃ᵞᑉᵝVᵧ

    There are various large.cardinal.axioms which
    assert _at least_ the existence of initial ordinal χ
    such that
    χ has some description or other, which
    implies the existence of some domain Vᵪ with
    the intended properties.

    This scheme, the ordinals, the universes,
    seem like what you (RF) are asking about,
    except that you want a final limit.domain.

    I have no problem with standard mathematics,
    and those universes are standard mathematics.

    There's definitely
    a problem with a _naive_ Final Universe.
    However, I don't know that there ISN'T
    some work.around.

    But a big.enough Vᵪ will be what I need it to be,
    so I'm not sure I need work.arounds.

    In summary and in conclusion,
    domains, yes, the domain, no, at least for now.

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  • From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to Ross Finlayson on Mon Mar 24 20:39:35 2025
    On 3/24/2025 7:53 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 03/24/2025 11:20 AM, Jim Burns wrote:



    No, you still haven't confronted yourself
    that the inconstancy of either platonism or formalism
    is merely self-deceiving vacillation,

    If a typical working mathematician,
    on Sunday, affirms the Intermediate Value Theorem
    as a formalist, and,
    on weekdays, affirms the Intermdiate Value Theorem
    as a Platonist,
    what is that vacillates?

    that it results then
    for mathematics the theory both platonism and formalism,
    and for physics a very thorough realism.

    I don't seem to be able to parse that.

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  • From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to Ross Finlayson on Mon Mar 24 20:34:36 2025
    On 3/24/2025 7:53 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 03/24/2025 11:20 AM, Jim Burns wrote:

    A big criticism of using falsifiability
    to determine what deserves the label 'science'
    is that
    a theory can pretty much always be saved
    by tweaking in various ways.
    (See also Ptolemaic epicycles.)

    It seems that a theory can be saved
    _and it will be saved_
    until a better theory comes along.
    Physics is not like mathematics.

    Can't trust tweakers.

    Any new scientific theory (of all the theories)
    must not be falsified by _any_ of the data,
    or it's just an application in a sub-field,
    not "the theory".

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Structure_of_Scientific_Revolutions

    ⎜ Kuhn argued for an episodic model in which
    ⎜ periods of conceptual continuity and cumulative progress,
    ⎜ referred to as periods of "normal science",
    ⎜ were interrupted by periods of revolutionary science.
    ⎜ The discovery of "anomalies" accumulating and
    ⎜ precipitating revolutions in science leads to new paradigms.
    ⎜ New paradigms then ask new questions of old data,
    ⎜ move beyond the mere "puzzle-solving" of the previous paradigm,
    ⎜ alter the rules of the game and
    ⎝ change the "map" directing new research.

    not "the theory".

    You (RF) are concerned that some theory might not be
    "the theory".

    You can stop worrying about that.
    _No_ theory in the physical sciences is "the theory".

    Conceivably, someday,
    if we avoid extincting ourselves (a big 'if'),
    we will be glowy brains in glass tubes
    betting our quatloos on thrall competitors,
    and we will have "the theory".

    Today is not that day.

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  • From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to Ross Finlayson on Tue Mar 25 00:32:03 2025
    On 3/24/2025 8:53 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 03/24/2025 05:34 PM, Jim Burns wrote:

    Considering [...]
    about the "severe abstraction" of
    the "mechanical reduction",
    has that when things get _conflated_
    that aren't necessarily,
    like the linear and rotational in mechanics or
    the arithmetic and algebra,
    it's a _false_ conceit.

    Would you like to pick an example other than
    the linear and rotational in mechanics?

    Generalized momenta,
    like the linear and the rotational,
    and generalized coordinates,
    like displacement and rotation,
    are a great success of classical mechanics.

    Yes, they are conflated by generalizing,
    and that highlights the analogies between them.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized_coordinates

    Your Zeno still isn't going anywhere,

    Expect Zeno's intense program of not.going.anywhere
    to continue.

    We make claims in such a fashion that,
    by looking at the claims, with or without understanding,
    we know the claims are true.

    Some claims we know are true
    because
    they are claims about what.we.mean,
    and we know what.we.mean.
    Trivially but fundamentally.

    Other claims we know are true
    because
    we can _see_ with or without understanding
    that they and each (finitely.many) prior claim
    cannot be the first false claim.

    A finite sequence of claims without a first.false claim
    is a sequence without a false claim.

    That's it.
    No bridge to infinity.
    -- We know what we mean.
    -- We look at and recognize claims as not.first.false.
    In our comfy chair, if we so choose.

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  • From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to Ross Finlayson on Tue Mar 25 12:40:36 2025
    On 3/24/2025 9:01 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 03/24/2025 05:39 PM, Jim Burns wrote:
    On 3/24/2025 7:53 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:

    No, you still haven't confronted yourself
    that the inconstancy of either platonism or formalism
    is merely self-deceiving vacillation,

    If a typical working mathematician,
    on Sunday, affirms the Intermediate Value Theorem
    as a formalist, and,
    on weekdays, affirms the Intermdiate Value Theorem
    as a Platonist,
    what is that vacillates?

    that it results then
    for mathematics the theory both platonism and formalism,
    and for physics a very thorough realism.

    I don't seem to be able to parse that.

    No?

    Is it because you broke it in the middle then
    don't have any sort of context and memory?

    That doesn't seem to me to be a likely reason.
    Not to brag, but
    I can remember things which I've read
    even more than three or four sentences earlier.

    That you (RF) think that's a possible explanation
    might offer insight into
    why you (RF) quote 300 lines in order to
    respond to the last three lines, and
    treat the other 297 lines as though they don't exist.

    There is no shame in having a memory problem.
    However, it does present a pretty puzzle
    for someone trying to communicate something
    longer than a few lines.

    I'd imagine it's difficult being a sort
    of broken mirror/record and may well lead
    to resentment those interrupting the continuity.

    Hey! I've got an idea.
    What if,
    when someone asks you to explain what you're saying,
    you explain what you're saying.
    It's so crazy, it just might work.

    ----
    the inconstancy of either platonism or formalism
    is merely self-deceiving vacillation,

    If a typical working mathematician,
    on Sundays, affirms the Intermediate Value Theorem
    as a formalist, and,
    on weekdays, affirms the Intermdiate Value Theorem
    as a Platonist,
    what is it that vacillates?

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  • From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to Ross Finlayson on Tue Mar 25 14:54:54 2025
    On 3/25/2025 1:00 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 03/25/2025 09:40 AM, Jim Burns wrote:



    Platonists need not eschew formalism,

    Given the usual meanings of those terms,
    not.eschewing looks like a very good trick.

    Too bad about there being essentially zero chance
    of you (RF) explaining how that'd be done.

    https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2016/entries/platonism/
    ⎛ Platonism is the view that
    ⎜ there exist such things as abstract objects —
    ⎜ where an abstract object is
    ⎜ an object that does not exist in space or time and
    ⎝ which is therefore entirely non-physical and non-mental.

    https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2016/entries/formalism-mathematics/
    ⎛ The guiding idea behind formalism is that
    ⎜ mathematics is not a body of propositions representing
    ⎜ an abstract sector of reality
    ⎜ but is much more akin to a game, bringing with it
    ⎜ no more commitment to an ontology of objects or properties
    ⎝ than ludo or chess.

    Platonists need not eschew formalism,
    nor for that matter positivism and logicism,
    indeed the objects of the theory are sort of the same.

    The theories are the same.
    Their consequences are the same.
    However,
    Platonist.objects and formalist.objects
    are not the same. Thus:
    ⎛ Most writers on the subject seem to agree
    ⎜ that the typical working mathematician is
    ⎜ a Platonist on weekdays and
    ⎜ a formalist on Sundays.

    — Philip J. Davis.

    ...because which they are doesn't really matter.

    Long ago I adopted the style
    to not cut the context because
    it's too easy for it to be mutilated.

    I have been admonished, sometimes,
    for my posts being too long.

    I don't consider myself ruled by those admonishers,
    but I am posting in order to communicate.
    I consider it a good idea to listen to
    what they find unhelpful.

    Sometimes, I even try to explain further
    something which missed the bull's.eye
    on my first attempt!

    ----
    the inconstancy of either platonism or formalism
    is merely self-deceiving vacillation,

    If a typical working mathematician,
    on Sundays, affirms the Intermediate Value Theorem
    as a formalist, and,
    on weekdays, affirms the Intermdiate Value Theorem
    as a Platonist,
    what is it that vacillates?

    For example,
    when a formalist platonist arrives at
    axiomless natural deduction,
    and then a formalist non-platonist
    forgets or ignores that,
    that's vacillation.

    https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vacillation

    ⎜ 1. Indecision in speech or action.
    ⎝ 2. Changing location by moving back and forth.

    ⎛ 'There's glory for you!'

    ⎜ 'I don't know what you mean by "glory,"' Alice said.

    ⎜ Humpty Dumpty smiled contemptuously.
    ⎜ 'Of course you don't—
    ⎜ till I tell you.
    ⎜ I meant
    ⎜ "there's a nice knock-down argument for you!"'

    ⎜ 'But "glory" doesn't mean
    ⎜ "a nice knock-down argument,"'
    ⎜ Alice objected.

    ⎜ 'When I use a word,'
    ⎜ Humpty Dumpty said in rather a scornful tone,
    ⎜ 'it means just what I choose it to mean—
    ⎜ neither more nor less.'

    -- Lewis Carroll, _Through the Looking-Glass_

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  • From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to Chris M. Thomasson on Thu Mar 27 06:37:27 2025
    On 3/26/2025 6:11 PM, Chris M. Thomasson wrote:
    On 3/24/2025 8:45 AM, Jim Burns wrote:
    On 3/23/2025 10:48 PM, Chris M. Thomasson wrote:

    Perhaps, well, sometimes I think
    we (our universe) might be contained within
    a black hole residing inside our parent universe.
    Two massive black holes might of merged in our parent,
    there merger was "fertile",
    and created us, perhaps?.
    Our universe.
    This is just thinking out loud here for fun.
    Whatever! ;^)

    Suppose physics permits, in some universes,
    a really advanced technology to bud off
    baby universes, with some variation in constants.
    Those life.friendly, civilization.friendly universes
    would provide the lion's share of universes.

    That's intended to explain why our universe
    is so friendly to us. Pick a random universe.
    Since (assuming blablablah) most are friendly,
    you've most likely picked a friendly universe.

    Thanks, Jim.
    Some of my thoughts I sometimes have
    wrt this "infinite fractal cosmic tree"
    revolve around, well,
    it was never created simply because it was always there?
    There is no chicken and egg problem?

    Too out there?

    Not at all.
    You are in alignment with
    the Steady State hypothesis,
    which is approximately:
    Everything is the way it is because
    it's always been that way.

    Before the Big Bang was the frontrunner
    in the best.theory.sweepstakes,
    there was the Steady State.
    It wasn't even so long ago that
    it was frontrunner.

    Einstein inserted the term Λgₘₙ into
    his General Relativity field equations
    Rₘₙ - ½Rgₘₙ + Λgₘₙ = 8πG/c⁴⋅Tₘₙ
    in order for them to have Steady State solutions.

    Later,
    when evidence was found of a hot early universe,
    Einstein is said to have called Λgₘₙ
    his greatest blunder.

    So,
    although today the evidence points away from
    the Steady State universe,
    it didn't always point away.


    If I were typing this even a week ago,
    I would be reciting some very definite numbers
    alleged to describe our universe.
    However, I've recently learned that
    we've learned that
    the universe is expanding unevenly,
    so
    there's a whole lot of re.thinking going on.
    I'm not sure what to tell you.

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  • From Jim Burns@21:1/5 to FromTheRafters on Thu Mar 27 10:05:23 2025
    On 3/27/2025 7:46 AM, FromTheRafters wrote:
    Jim Burns wrote :
    On 3/26/2025 6:11 PM, Chris M. Thomasson wrote:

    Too out there?

    Not at all.
    You are in alignment with
    the Steady State hypothesis,
    which is approximately:
    Everything is the way it is because
    it's always been that way.

    Before the Big Bang was the frontrunner
    in the best.theory.sweepstakes,
    there was the Steady State.
    It wasn't even so long ago that
    it was frontrunner.

    Einstein inserted the term Λgₘₙ into
    his General Relativity field equations
      Rₘₙ - ½Rgₘₙ + Λgₘₙ = 8πG/c⁴⋅Tₘₙ
    in order for them to have Steady State solutions.

    Later,
    when evidence was found of a hot early universe,
    Einstein is said to have called Λgₘₙ
    his greatest blunder.

    So,
    although today the evidence points away from
    the Steady State universe,
    it didn't always point away.


    If I were typing this even a week ago,
    I would be reciting some very definite numbers
    alleged to describe our universe.
    However, I've recently learned that
    we've learned that
    the universe is expanding unevenly,
    so
    there's a whole lot of re.thinking going on.
    I'm not sure what to tell you.

    Or, as Ross Finlayson would probably say,
    Fred Hoyle, Hermann Bondi, and Thomas Gold.

    Rai of Lowani. Lowani under two moons.
    Jiri of Ubaya.
    Darmok and Jalad at Tanagra.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Bb-Af3Dm8E&t=32s

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