• capitalisation of Nouns?

    From J. P. Gilliver@21:1/5 to All on Thu Nov 30 14:55:58 2023
    I know that in German, Nouns are capitalised; it's just part of the
    Grammar of the Language, and something you are taught fairly early on if
    you learn it.

    In English, People still do it quite a lot - but it was obviously part
    of what one was taught at some Point: an 1881 Census Form I have in
    front of me has along the top "The undermentioned Houses are situate
    within the Boundaries of the", and all the Column Headings have such capitalisation, such as "NAME and Surname of each Person".

    I (born 1960) don't remember ever being taught to do this. Anyone know
    when it stopped [being something one was officially taught]? (I find it irritating, especially in modern Text, though I don't know why; I
    suppose I imagine the Words being spoken with unnecessary Emphasis.)
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()AL-IS-Ch++(p)Ar@T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    Imagine a world with no hypothetical situations...

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  • From Charles Ellson@21:1/5 to G6JPG@255soft.uk on Thu Nov 30 15:36:51 2023
    On Thu, 30 Nov 2023 14:55:58 +0000, "J. P. Gilliver"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    I know that in German, Nouns are capitalised; it's just part of the
    Grammar of the Language, and something you are taught fairly early on if
    you learn it.

    In English, People still do it quite a lot - but it was obviously part
    of what one was taught at some Point: an 1881 Census Form I have in
    front of me has along the top "The undermentioned Houses are situate
    within the Boundaries of the", and all the Column Headings have such >capitalisation, such as "NAME and Surname of each Person".

    I (born 1960) don't remember ever being taught to do this. Anyone know
    when it stopped [being something one was officially taught]? (I find it >irritating, especially in modern Text, though I don't know why; I
    suppose I imagine the Words being spoken with unnecessary Emphasis.)

    Apart from the usual proper/personal nouns, capitalisation is often
    seen where the noun refers to matters in the specific context of the
    documents. Thus e.g. "the Sea" is not the same as the all-encompassing
    "the sea" but only the body of water which is in the context of the
    document. It is IME more now a peculiarity of legal English than of
    general "proper" English. The full capitalisation of "NAME" (if it
    isn't a typo) above is possibly more a case of emphasis for those
    enumerators who would otherwise have put only an initial.

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  • From Graeme Wall@21:1/5 to J. P. Gilliver on Thu Nov 30 15:24:18 2023
    On 30/11/2023 14:55, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    I know that in German, Nouns are capitalised; it's just part of the
    Grammar of the Language, and something you are taught fairly early on if
    you learn it.

    In English, People still do it quite a lot - but it was obviously part
    of what one was taught at some Point: an 1881 Census Form I have in
    front of me has along the top "The undermentioned Houses are situate
    within the Boundaries of the", and all the Column Headings have such capitalisation, such as "NAME and Surname of each Person".

    I (born 1960) don't remember ever being taught to do this. Anyone know
    when it stopped [being something one was officially taught]? (I find it irritating, especially in modern Text, though I don't know why; I
    suppose I imagine the Words being spoken with unnecessary Emphasis.)

    I'm 11 years older than you and I wasn't taught it either.
    --
    Graeme Wall
    This account not read.

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  • From Colin Bignell@21:1/5 to J. P. Gilliver on Thu Nov 30 16:10:45 2023
    On 30/11/2023 14:55, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    I know that in German, Nouns are capitalised; it's just part of the
    Grammar of the Language, and something you are taught fairly early on if
    you learn it.

    In English, People still do it quite a lot - but it was obviously part
    of what one was taught at some Point: an 1881 Census Form I have in
    front of me has along the top "The undermentioned Houses are situate
    within the Boundaries of the", and all the Column Headings have such capitalisation, such as "NAME and Surname of each Person".

    I (born 1960) don't remember ever being taught to do this. Anyone know
    when it stopped [being something one was officially taught]? (I find it irritating, especially in modern Text, though I don't know why; I
    suppose I imagine the Words being spoken with unnecessary Emphasis.)
    Of the four types of nouns, I was taught to capitalise only proper
    nouns, aka the names of people, places, organisations etc. When and by
    whom, I can't say, but we were introduced to writing with lower case
    letters in primary school so it was probably then, which, for me, was
    during the 1950s.

    --
    Colin Bignell

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  • From john1@21:1/5 to All on Thu Nov 30 19:44:49 2023
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  • From Ian Goddard@21:1/5 to J. P. Gilliver on Thu Nov 30 23:32:31 2023
    J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    I know that in German, Nouns are capitalised; it's just part of the
    Grammar of the Language, and something you are taught fairly early on if
    you learn it.

    In English, People still do it quite a lot - but it was obviously part
    of what one was taught at some Point: an 1881 Census Form I have in
    front of me has along the top "The undermentioned Houses are situate
    within the Boundaries of the", and all the Column Headings have such capitalisation, such as "NAME and Surname of each Person".

    I (born 1960) don't remember ever being taught to do this. Anyone know
    when it stopped [being something one was officially taught]? (I find it irritating, especially in modern Text, though I don't know why; I
    suppose I imagine the Words being spoken with unnecessary Emphasis.)

    Just to quote a contrary case, I'm working on a C18th copy of a map
    supposedly of the time of Henry V. This includes a list of landmarks,
    some of which have two word names. The first word is capitalised and
    the second not, e.g. "Within edge". Many of them do have the faintest
    of hyphens but not Within edge.

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  • From Ian Goddard@21:1/5 to Colin Bignell on Thu Nov 30 23:25:53 2023
    Colin Bignell wrote:
    On 30/11/2023 14:55, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    I know that in German, Nouns are capitalised; it's just part of the
    Grammar of the Language, and something you are taught fairly early on
    if you learn it.

    In English, People still do it quite a lot - but it was obviously part
    of what one was taught at some Point: an 1881 Census Form I have in
    front of me has along the top "The undermentioned Houses are situate
    within the Boundaries of the", and all the Column Headings have such
    capitalisation, such as "NAME and Surname of each Person".

    I (born 1960) don't remember ever being taught to do this. Anyone know
    when it stopped [being something one was officially taught]? (I find
    it irritating, especially in modern Text, though I don't know why; I
    suppose I imagine the Words being spoken with unnecessary Emphasis.)
    Of the four types of nouns, I was taught to capitalise only proper
    nouns, aka the names of people, places, organisations etc. When and by
    whom, I can't say, but we were introduced to writing with lower case
    letters in primary school so it was probably then, which, for me, was
    during the 1950s.

    I'm the '44 vintage and this is more or less what I was taught - or
    maybe it's just what I grew up reading. However, names of languages are included such as Latin.

    What's more Fowler also agrees and also points out verbs and adjectives
    derived from capitalised nouns should also be capitalised, e.g.
    Latinised & Latinate.

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  • From J. P. Gilliver@21:1/5 to Ian Goddard on Fri Dec 1 00:48:55 2023
    In message <xh2cnYwcaYOfh_T4nZ2dnZfqnPednZ2d@brightview.co.uk> at Thu,
    30 Nov 2023 23:25:53, Ian Goddard <ian_ng@austonley.org.uk> writes
    Colin Bignell wrote:
    []
    Of the four types of nouns, I was taught to capitalise only proper
    nouns, aka the names of people, places, organisations etc. When and by >>whom, I can't say, but we were introduced to writing with lower case >>letters in primary school so it was probably then, which, for me, was >>during the 1950s.

    Now you mention it, yes, I think I was taught only to capitalise proper
    names, and a few exceptions like days of the week, months, and so on.

    I might capitalise parts of an expression, but usually only jocularly
    and informally - such as "excessive capitalisation is a Bad Thing."

    I'm the '44 vintage and this is more or less what I was taught - or
    maybe it's just what I grew up reading. However, names of languages
    are included such as Latin.

    Yes, agreed. (It's noticeable that that isn't the case in some other
    languages, such as I think French.)

    What's more Fowler also agrees and also points out verbs and adjectives >derived from capitalised nouns should also be capitalised, e.g.
    Latinised & Latinate.

    I suppose so. I'd have referred to my Partridge if I hadn't lost it - if
    only to see whether I agreed with what he said; I found him an excessive pedant, but very logical and thus a pleasure to read, whether I agreed
    with what he said or not. (Always amused me that, presumably, a
    partridge is one of the things a fowler would hunt.)
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()AL-IS-Ch++(p)Ar@T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    I hope you dream a pig.

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  • From JMB99@21:1/5 to Ian Goddard on Fri Dec 1 08:13:48 2023
    On 30/11/2023 23:32, Ian Goddard wrote:
    Just to quote a contrary case, I'm working on a C18th copy of a map supposedly of the time of Henry V.  This includes a list of landmarks,
    some of which have two word names.  The first word is capitalised and
    the second not, e.g. "Within edge".  Many of them do have the faintest
    of hyphens but not Within edge.


    Conventions change over the years, if you look in old newspapers they
    usually have streets as "high-street" with no capitalisation.

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  • From Graeme Wall@21:1/5 to J. P. Gilliver on Fri Dec 1 09:21:19 2023
    On 01/12/2023 00:48, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    I suppose so. I'd have referred to my Partridge if I hadn't lost it - if
    only to see whether I agreed with what he said; I found him an excessive pedant, but very logical and thus a pleasure to read, whether I agreed
    with what he said or not. (Always amused me that, presumably, a
    partridge is one of the things a fowler would hunt.)

    That thought never occurred to me!
    --
    Graeme Wall
    This account not read.

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  • From Peter Johnson@21:1/5 to mb@nospam.net on Fri Dec 1 14:32:40 2023
    On Fri, 1 Dec 2023 08:13:48 +0000, JMB99 <mb@nospam.net> wrote:

    On 30/11/2023 23:32, Ian Goddard wrote:
    Just to quote a contrary case, I'm working on a C18th copy of a map
    supposedly of the time of Henry V.  This includes a list of landmarks,
    some of which have two word names.  The first word is capitalised and
    the second not, e.g. "Within edge".  Many of them do have the faintest
    of hyphens but not Within edge.


    Conventions change over the years, if you look in old newspapers they
    usually have streets as "high-street" with no capitalisation.

    I was about to post the example of High-street in newspapers when I
    read this, as I have seen dozens, if not hundreds, like that. I
    suppose that the capitalisation of street, road, crescent &c followed
    the abandonment of the hyphen, which I suspect was 1950s onwards.

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  • From J. P. Gilliver@21:1/5 to Peter Johnson on Fri Dec 1 16:52:14 2023
    In message <gdrjmi1i61aof5vrm96otd5ngkjpjpaf18@4ax.com> at Fri, 1 Dec
    2023 14:32:40, Peter Johnson <peter@parksidewood.nospam> writes
    On Fri, 1 Dec 2023 08:13:48 +0000, JMB99 <mb@nospam.net> wrote:

    On 30/11/2023 23:32, Ian Goddard wrote:
    Just to quote a contrary case, I'm working on a C18th copy of a map
    supposedly of the time of Henry V.  This includes a list of landmarks,
    some of which have two word names.  The first word is capitalised and
    the second not, e.g. "Within edge".  Many of them do have the faintest
    of hyphens but not Within edge.


    Conventions change over the years, if you look in old newspapers they >>usually have streets as "high-street" with no capitalisation.

    I was about to post the example of High-street in newspapers when I
    read this, as I have seen dozens, if not hundreds, like that. I
    suppose that the capitalisation of street, road, crescent &c followed
    the abandonment of the hyphen, which I suspect was 1950s onwards.

    Never thought of that; I suspect you're right. The abandonment of the
    hyphen is a great loss to comprehension: actually, people still use the
    odd one, but seem terrified of using two, where they would be
    appropriate and clarify things no end.
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()AL-IS-Ch++(p)Ar@T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    There should be a place on the ballot paper for 'None of the above', and if enough people filled that in, the system might start to change. - Jeremy
    Paxman in RT, 2014/1/25-31

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  • From Athel Cornish-Bowden@21:1/5 to All on Sat Dec 9 11:11:41 2023
    On 2023-11-30 18:44:49 +0000, john1 said:

    On 30/11/2023 15:55, J. P. Gilliver wrote:

    I know that in German, Nouns are capitalised; it's just part of the

    Grammar of the Language, and something you are taught fairly early on

    if you learn it.



    In English, People still do it quite a lot - but it was obviously

    part of what one was taught at some Point: an 1881 Census Form I have

    in front of me has along the top "The undermentioned Houses are

    situate within the Boundaries of the", and all the Column Headings

    have such capitalisation, such as "NAME and Surname of each Person".



    I (born 1960) don't remember ever being taught to do this. Anyone

    know when it stopped [being something one was officially taught]? (I

    find it irritating, especially in modern Text, though I don't know

    why; I suppose I imagine the Words being spoken with unnecessary

    Emphasis.)



    In my case I think it started out as a mixture of what I was taught at

    school from the fifties (and essays etc which were corrected by

    teachers, who probably had their own ideas on capitalisation!) as well

    as assimilation through reading books and papers. And then later,through

    working for various publishers.



    There is some history of the change over time

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalization_in_English



    There are plenty of style guides including their current capitalisation

    rules available for specific organisations and publishers, some are

    published as books e.g.

    Harts Rules for Oxford University Press (OUP)

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hart%27s_Rules

    Try to get the 39th edition of the original. The Oxford Style Guide is
    a waste of paper.


    and

    The Times Style Guide

    https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/the-times-style-guide-a-guide-to-english-usage-b0wnq9lsl




    This link gives some of relevant New Harts Rules on capitalisation

    https://premium-oxforddictionaries-com.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/secondary/harts_rules/5-1-general-principles




    Another example is in The Guardian and Observer style guide; see under

    "capitals" on this page

    https://www.theguardian.com/guardian-observer-style-guide-c which starts:



    "Times have changed since the days of medieval manuscripts with

    elaborate hand-illuminated capital letters, or Victorian documents in

    which not just proper names, but virtually all nouns, were given initial

    caps (a Tradition valiantly maintained to this day by Estate Agents).



    A look through newspaper archives would show greater use of capitals the

    further back you went. The tendency towards lowercase, which in part

    reflects a less formal, less deferential society, has been accelerated

    by the explosion of the internet: some web companies, and many email

    users, have dispensed with capitals altogether.



    Our style reflects these developments. We aim for coherence and

    consistency, but not at the expense of clarity. As with any aspect of

    style, it is impossible to be wholly consistent – there are almost

    always exceptions, so if you are unsure check for an individual entry in

    this guide. But here are the main principles: "











    --
    Athel -- French and British, living in Marseilles for 36 years; mainly
    in England until 1987.

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