• Re: To sum up

    From Ernest Major@21:1/5 to MarkE on Thu Feb 6 07:07:22 2025
    On 06/02/2025 06:29, MarkE wrote:

    “Researchers have shown that translation of the genetic information
    stored in our DNA is much more complex than previously thought. This discovery was made by developing a type of advanced microscopy that
    directly visualizes the translation of the genetic code in a living cell.” https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/06/190606133759.htm

    1) Complexity in living cells is not a particularly good proxy for the probability of spontaneous emergence.

    2) On an initial scan of the press release and paper this looks like
    evidence against life being designed.

    --
    alias Ernest Major

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Kerr-Mudd, John@21:1/5 to MarkE on Fri Feb 7 14:56:16 2025
    On Thu, 6 Feb 2025 17:29:54 +1100
    MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    Has talk.origins run its course, with this incarnation (post-GG
    meteorite impact) the last of the dinosaurs?

    And what of the Origins debate? My contention is that progressive
    discoveries with the complexity and precision of life are making Mt Improbable higher and higher [1]. ID has gained and sustained traction because this trend is real. I would add to this arguments relating to first-cause, fine-tuning, the Cambrian explosion, etc.

    Yes, I am aware of the general disagreement here with my position.

    Time will tell...

    [It's complicated, and we don't understand it yet]

    So, Sure, a god made it hard to understand.

    Sorry, if God was a Proper Designer a cheaper design would be
    simpler.




    --
    Bah, and indeed, Humbug

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Ernest Major@21:1/5 to MarkE on Sat Feb 8 12:42:46 2025
    On 07/02/2025 06:00, MarkE wrote:
    On 6/02/2025 6:07 pm, Ernest Major wrote:
    On 06/02/2025 06:29, MarkE wrote:

    “Researchers have shown that translation of the genetic information
    stored in our DNA is much more complex than previously thought. This
    discovery was made by developing a type of advanced microscopy that
    directly visualizes the translation of the genetic code in a living
    cell.”
    https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/06/190606133759.htm

    1) Complexity in living cells is not a particularly good proxy for the
    probability of spontaneous emergence.

    I assume Davies means abiogenesis, not instantaneous formation.

    The more complex a minimal first life must be, the higher the
    improbability of naturalistic formation, yes?

    It seems that at least one of us is confused. Both of your responses
    appear to be non-sequiturs. Perhaps you could explain what you think the
    press release shows, and the line of argument by which is supportive of
    your position.



    2) On an initial scan of the press release and paper this looks like
    evidence against life being designed.



    --
    alias Ernest Major

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Bob Casanova@21:1/5 to All on Sat Feb 8 14:26:34 2025
    On Sat, 8 Feb 2025 22:03:57 +1100, the following appeared in
    talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 8/02/2025 9:39 pm, Martin Harran wrote:
    On Thu, 06 Feb 2025 10:17:26 +0000, Martin Harran
    <martinharran@gmail.com> wrote:

    On Thu, 6 Feb 2025 17:29:54 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    Has talk.origins run its course, with this incarnation (post-GG
    meteorite impact) the last of the dinosaurs?

    And what of the Origins debate? My contention is that progressive
    discoveries with the complexity and precision of life are making Mt
    Improbable higher and higher [1]. ID has gained and sustained traction >>>> because this trend is real.

    What evidence have you got that ID has gained and sustained traction?

    [...]

    So, nothing to offer. Appears to be just another example of you
    thinking something *should* be true just because you would like it to
    be true.


    No response does not equal nothing to offer, especially in this context,
    as we both well know.

    Once again, a cheap shot over substantive comment, with a disregard for >logic. I don't believe you're engaging in good faith, Martin.

    Martin can handle his own arguments, but I noticed that you
    again failed to provide the evidence for your claim that ID
    has gained traction. I'd also be interested in such
    evidence, since it contradicts my own observations.

    --

    Bob C.

    "The most exciting phrase to hear in science,
    the one that heralds new discoveries, is not
    'Eureka!' but 'That's funny...'"

    - Isaac Asimov

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Bob Casanova@21:1/5 to All on Tue Feb 11 10:58:11 2025
    On Sat, 08 Feb 2025 14:26:34 -0700, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by Bob Casanova <nospam@buzz.off>:

    On Sat, 8 Feb 2025 22:03:57 +1100, the following appeared in
    talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 8/02/2025 9:39 pm, Martin Harran wrote:
    On Thu, 06 Feb 2025 10:17:26 +0000, Martin Harran
    <martinharran@gmail.com> wrote:

    On Thu, 6 Feb 2025 17:29:54 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    Has talk.origins run its course, with this incarnation (post-GG
    meteorite impact) the last of the dinosaurs?

    And what of the Origins debate? My contention is that progressive
    discoveries with the complexity and precision of life are making Mt
    Improbable higher and higher [1]. ID has gained and sustained traction >>>>> because this trend is real.

    What evidence have you got that ID has gained and sustained traction?

    [...]

    So, nothing to offer. Appears to be just another example of you
    thinking something *should* be true just because you would like it to
    be true.


    No response does not equal nothing to offer, especially in this context,
    as we both well know.

    Once again, a cheap shot over substantive comment, with a disregard for >>logic. I don't believe you're engaging in good faith, Martin.

    Martin can handle his own arguments, but I noticed that you
    again failed to provide the evidence for your claim that ID
    has gained traction. I'd also be interested in such
    evidence, since it contradicts my own observations.

    3 days; no evidence. Thanks for confirming.

    --

    Bob C.

    "The most exciting phrase to hear in science,
    the one that heralds new discoveries, is not
    'Eureka!' but 'That's funny...'"

    - Isaac Asimov

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Bob Casanova@21:1/5 to All on Tue Feb 11 21:47:28 2025
    On Wed, 12 Feb 2025 08:25:11 +1100, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 12/02/2025 4:58 am, Bob Casanova wrote:
    On Sat, 08 Feb 2025 14:26:34 -0700, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by Bob Casanova <nospam@buzz.off>:

    On Sat, 8 Feb 2025 22:03:57 +1100, the following appeared in
    talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 8/02/2025 9:39 pm, Martin Harran wrote:
    On Thu, 06 Feb 2025 10:17:26 +0000, Martin Harran
    <martinharran@gmail.com> wrote:

    On Thu, 6 Feb 2025 17:29:54 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote: >>>>>>
    Has talk.origins run its course, with this incarnation (post-GG
    meteorite impact) the last of the dinosaurs?

    And what of the Origins debate? My contention is that progressive >>>>>>> discoveries with the complexity and precision of life are making Mt >>>>>>> Improbable higher and higher [1]. ID has gained and sustained traction >>>>>>> because this trend is real.

    What evidence have you got that ID has gained and sustained traction? >>>>>>
    [...]

    So, nothing to offer. Appears to be just another example of you
    thinking something *should* be true just because you would like it to >>>>> be true.


    No response does not equal nothing to offer, especially in this context, >>>> as we both well know.

    Once again, a cheap shot over substantive comment, with a disregard for >>>> logic. I don't believe you're engaging in good faith, Martin.

    Martin can handle his own arguments, but I noticed that you
    again failed to provide the evidence for your claim that ID
    has gained traction. I'd also be interested in such
    evidence, since it contradicts my own observations.

    3 days; no evidence. Thanks for confirming.


    Work taking all my time at the moment. Be patient.

    Sorry; heard that quite a few times before, from several
    others. Patience exhausted long ago.

    --

    Bob C.

    "The most exciting phrase to hear in science,
    the one that heralds new discoveries, is not
    'Eureka!' but 'That's funny...'"

    - Isaac Asimov

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Bob Casanova@21:1/5 to All on Thu Feb 13 15:31:47 2025
    On Thu, 13 Feb 2025 18:55:11 +1100, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 12/02/2025 3:47 pm, Bob Casanova wrote:
    On Wed, 12 Feb 2025 08:25:11 +1100, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 12/02/2025 4:58 am, Bob Casanova wrote:
    On Sat, 08 Feb 2025 14:26:34 -0700, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by Bob Casanova <nospam@buzz.off>:

    On Sat, 8 Feb 2025 22:03:57 +1100, the following appeared in
    talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 8/02/2025 9:39 pm, Martin Harran wrote:
    On Thu, 06 Feb 2025 10:17:26 +0000, Martin Harran
    <martinharran@gmail.com> wrote:

    On Thu, 6 Feb 2025 17:29:54 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote: >>>>>>>>
    Has talk.origins run its course, with this incarnation (post-GG >>>>>>>>> meteorite impact) the last of the dinosaurs?

    And what of the Origins debate? My contention is that progressive >>>>>>>>> discoveries with the complexity and precision of life are making Mt >>>>>>>>> Improbable higher and higher [1]. ID has gained and sustained traction
    because this trend is real.

    What evidence have you got that ID has gained and sustained traction? >>>>>>>>
    [...]

    So, nothing to offer. Appears to be just another example of you
    thinking something *should* be true just because you would like it to >>>>>>> be true.


    No response does not equal nothing to offer, especially in this context, >>>>>> as we both well know.

    Once again, a cheap shot over substantive comment, with a disregard for >>>>>> logic. I don't believe you're engaging in good faith, Martin.

    Martin can handle his own arguments, but I noticed that you
    again failed to provide the evidence for your claim that ID
    has gained traction. I'd also be interested in such
    evidence, since it contradicts my own observations.

    3 days; no evidence. Thanks for confirming.


    Work taking all my time at the moment. Be patient.

    Sorry; heard that quite a few times before, from several
    others. Patience exhausted long ago.


    Worked all last weekend and to midnight each day this week. But even so
    I do hate to disappoint my fans.

    "Fans"?

    Cue Inigo Montoya; no, not the "prepare to die" one, the
    other one.

    --

    Bob C.

    "The most exciting phrase to hear in science,
    the one that heralds new discoveries, is not
    'Eureka!' but 'That's funny...'"

    - Isaac Asimov

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Mark Isaak@21:1/5 to MarkE on Fri Feb 14 18:53:47 2025
    On 2/8/25 5:06 AM, MarkE wrote:

    My argument is therefore, as complexity goes up, the challenges to naturalistic OOL and evolution also increase.

    Evolution produces complexity without the least concern. Design tries to minimize it and create simplicity. As complexity goes up, the challenge
    to designed OOL also increases.

    --
    Mark Isaak
    "Wisdom begins when you discover the difference between 'That
    doesn't make sense' and 'I don't understand.'" - Mary Doria Russell

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Bob Casanova@21:1/5 to All on Fri Feb 14 22:56:31 2025
    On Fri, 14 Feb 2025 17:12:42 +1100, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 14/02/2025 9:31 am, Bob Casanova wrote:
    On Thu, 13 Feb 2025 18:55:11 +1100, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 12/02/2025 3:47 pm, Bob Casanova wrote:
    On Wed, 12 Feb 2025 08:25:11 +1100, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 12/02/2025 4:58 am, Bob Casanova wrote:
    On Sat, 08 Feb 2025 14:26:34 -0700, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by Bob Casanova <nospam@buzz.off>:

    On Sat, 8 Feb 2025 22:03:57 +1100, the following appeared in
    talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 8/02/2025 9:39 pm, Martin Harran wrote:
    On Thu, 06 Feb 2025 10:17:26 +0000, Martin Harran
    <martinharran@gmail.com> wrote:

    On Thu, 6 Feb 2025 17:29:54 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    Has talk.origins run its course, with this incarnation (post-GG >>>>>>>>>>> meteorite impact) the last of the dinosaurs?

    And what of the Origins debate? My contention is that progressive >>>>>>>>>>> discoveries with the complexity and precision of life are making Mt >>>>>>>>>>> Improbable higher and higher [1]. ID has gained and sustained traction
    because this trend is real.

    What evidence have you got that ID has gained and sustained traction?

    [...]

    So, nothing to offer. Appears to be just another example of you >>>>>>>>> thinking something *should* be true just because you would like it to >>>>>>>>> be true.


    No response does not equal nothing to offer, especially in this context,
    as we both well know.

    Once again, a cheap shot over substantive comment, with a disregard for
    logic. I don't believe you're engaging in good faith, Martin.

    Martin can handle his own arguments, but I noticed that you
    again failed to provide the evidence for your claim that ID
    has gained traction. I'd also be interested in such
    evidence, since it contradicts my own observations.

    3 days; no evidence. Thanks for confirming.


    Work taking all my time at the moment. Be patient.

    Sorry; heard that quite a few times before, from several
    others. Patience exhausted long ago.


    Worked all last weekend and to midnight each day this week. But even so
    I do hate to disappoint my fans.

    "Fans"?

    C'mon Bob, time to come out of the closet.

    I have no idea what you imagine yourself to be implying
    here, but then neither do you; it's just the usual gabble.

    Cue Inigo Montoya; no, not the "prepare to die" one, the
    other one.

    Illiterate? Write for free help.

    --

    Bob C.

    "The most exciting phrase to hear in science,
    the one that heralds new discoveries, is not
    'Eureka!' but 'That's funny...'"

    - Isaac Asimov

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Kerr-Mudd, John@21:1/5 to jillery on Sat Feb 15 14:57:53 2025
    On Sat, 15 Feb 2025 06:18:12 -0500
    jillery <69jpil69@gmail.com> wrote:

    On Sat, 15 Feb 2025 10:29:52 +0000, Martin Harran
    <martinharran@gmail.com> wrote:

    In an idle moment I decided to use NovaBB to check just how much
    Jillery has been trying to catch my attention recently. A lot more
    than I thought, as it turns out, but this one in the 'Paradoxes'
    thread last week gave me a good chuckle:

    ======================================

    Martin wrote:
    I think Jillery is lonely in my killfile. No other regular is in it >>except Nando and he doesn't seem to be around any more.

    Jillery wrote:
    Here's yet another example of Harran bragging about the size of his >killfile; typical male compensation. If he wasn't willfully stupid he >would go KF himself.

    =======================================

    First time I've ever heard of somebody being accused of male
    compensation for bragging about how *small* something is, ROFL


    Here's yet another example of Harran going out of his way to work
    around his own killfile. Whether obsession, hypocrisy, or willful
    stupidity, the result is the same.

    As for the size of Harran's "male compensation", jillery will take him
    at his word.

    I'm sorry, is this the Abuse room? I only came here for an
    argument. </MP>

    --
    Bah, and indeed, Humbug

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Ernest Major@21:1/5 to MarkE on Mon Feb 17 17:06:08 2025
    On 17/02/2025 11:05, MarkE wrote:
    On 15/02/2025 10:06 pm, jillery wrote:
    On Sat, 15 Feb 2025 15:59:53 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 15/02/2025 1:53 pm, Mark Isaak wrote:
    On 2/8/25 5:06 AM, MarkE wrote:

    My argument is therefore, as complexity goes up, the challenges to
    naturalistic OOL and evolution also increase.

    Evolution produces complexity without the least concern. Design
    tries to
    minimize it and create simplicity. As complexity goes up, the challenge >>>> to designed OOL also increases.


    My assertion is self-evident, is it not? I.e.:

    OOL: the more complex the first self-replicating entity needs to be, the >>> greater the challenge to its prebiotic (i.e. pre-Darwinian evolution)
    formation.

    Evolution: the more complex a "higher" organism, given a maximum
    plausible rate of mutation, fixation and time, the greater the challenge >>> to its evolution.

    On the other hand, your assertion that "evolution produces complexity
    without the least concern" is not self-evident, and is neither an
    argument nor a rebuttal. The capability of evolution to produce
    complexity is, rather, a fundamental contention.


    Here's an opportunity for you to actually speak to me, instead of your
    usual petty sniping.  I understand your arguments stated above.

    WRT OOL: It's unknown what the complexity of a self-replicating entity
    "needs to be". Any estimates about this are based on *assumptions*
    about the mechanism(s) which could create the first self-replicating
    entity, and the environment(s) which could support those mechanism(s).
    This makes your claim a GotG argument.

    WRT OOL and Evolution: The fatal flaw with both of your arguments is
    they conflate complexity with functionality.  The one does not inform
    the other.  The actual challenge to evolution is to create better
    functionality for a given environment.

    Pro Ployd's concurrent post WRT altitude hypoxia illustrates the
    difference.  Most humans respond to extreme altitude by increasing
    their hematocrit.  This is a simple but at best temporary solution,
    with long-term and fatal complications. A simpler and better solution
    most mountain human populations did is to change their hemoglobin to
    increase its oxygen saturation.  Of course, this requires time for
    natural selection to select for this trait, and some individuals will
    likely die without it.

    Once again, your obsession with complexity serves you poorly.


    Agreed, care is needed in defining complexity and its relationship to function.

    The challenge to evolution is the creation of functional complexity.
    Here is a description of the ultimate manifestation of functional
    complexity:

    'The human brain contains some 100 billion neurons, which together form
    a network of Internet-like complexity. Christof Koch, chief scientific officer of the Allen Institute for Brain Science, calls the brain "the
    most complex object in the known universe," and he's mapping its
    connections in hopes of discovering the origins of consciousness.' http://www.npr.org/2013/06/14/191614360/decoding-the-most-complex- object-in-the-universe

    A problem with irreducible complexity as an argument for design (apart
    from being achievable by natural processes) is the lack of an objective criterion for delimiting systems, parts and functions. Something maybe
    both irreducibly complex or not irreducibly complex depending on the
    choices made for the preceding. Similarly there is an issue with the
    lack of an objective criterion for dividing the universe into disjoint
    objects. The human brain is part of the human body; either the human is
    more complex that the human brain, or the rest of the human body has
    negative complexity, or complexity is an intensive rather than an
    extensive property.

    Another issue is defining a measure of complexity. If complexity is an extensive property why is the elephant brain, with 3 times the number of neurons, a more complex object than the human brain. (You could try
    appealing to the size of the connectome, where there is a convenient gap
    in our knowledge of the size of connectomes. I don't find it especially plausible that human neurons have on average 3 times the number of
    synapses as elephant neurons, but my intuition might be wrong on this
    point.) If complexity is an intensive property then might not corvid and psittacid brains have a higher complexity than human brains; the achieve
    a surprising degree of intelligence with much smaller brains.


    'According to physicist Roger Penrose, what’s in our head is orders of magnitude more complex than anything one sees in the Universe: "If you
    look at the entire physical cosmos," says Penrose, "our brains are a
    tiny, tiny part of it. But they're the most perfectly organized part. Compared to the complexity of a brain, a galaxy is just an inert lump."'

    'Each cubic millimeter of tissue in the neocortex, reports Michael
    Chorost in World Wide Mind, contains between 860 million and 1.3 billion synapses. Estimates of the total number of synapses in the neocortex
    range from 164 trillion to 200 trillion. The total number of synapses in
    the brain as a whole is much higher than that. The neocortex has the
    same number of neurons as a galaxy has stars: 100 billion. One
    researcher estimates that with current technology it would take 10,000 automated microscopes thirty years to map the connections between every neuron in a human brain, and 100 million terabytes of disk space to
    store the data.' http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2015/12/human-brain-intelligence- networks-identified-.html

    Some organisms have deterministic cell fates. That is why Caenorhabditis elegans was adopted as a model organism for investigating the genetic
    control of development - it allowed researchers to simplify the problem
    by not having to consider the effects of randomness and environmental
    factors. This is not the case for humans, and I believe for the majority
    of multi-cellular organisms. The human brain is self-organising, but it
    doesn't self-organise to a fixed target.

    Can we deduce "complexity therefore design" from this? That's one question.

    No.


    However, another question that needs to be asked is, can we deduce "that evolution can create sentient beings due to a galaxy of functional
    complexity inside their heads"?


    We already have. Do you have anything other than an argument from
    incredulity against this?

    --
    alias Ernest Major

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Ernest Major@21:1/5 to MarkE on Tue Feb 18 11:03:55 2025
    On 18/02/2025 06:03, MarkE wrote:
    On 18/02/2025 4:06 am, Ernest Major wrote:
    On 17/02/2025 11:05, MarkE wrote:
    On 15/02/2025 10:06 pm, jillery wrote:
    On Sat, 15 Feb 2025 15:59:53 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote: >>>>
    On 15/02/2025 1:53 pm, Mark Isaak wrote:
    On 2/8/25 5:06 AM, MarkE wrote:

    My argument is therefore, as complexity goes up, the challenges to >>>>>>> naturalistic OOL and evolution also increase.

    Evolution produces complexity without the least concern. Design
    tries to
    minimize it and create simplicity. As complexity goes up, the
    challenge
    to designed OOL also increases.


    My assertion is self-evident, is it not? I.e.:

    OOL: the more complex the first self-replicating entity needs to
    be, the
    greater the challenge to its prebiotic (i.e. pre-Darwinian evolution) >>>>> formation.

    Evolution: the more complex a "higher" organism, given a maximum
    plausible rate of mutation, fixation and time, the greater the
    challenge
    to its evolution.

    On the other hand, your assertion that "evolution produces complexity >>>>> without the least concern" is not self-evident, and is neither an
    argument nor a rebuttal. The capability of evolution to produce
    complexity is, rather, a fundamental contention.


    Here's an opportunity for you to actually speak to me, instead of your >>>> usual petty sniping.  I understand your arguments stated above.

    WRT OOL: It's unknown what the complexity of a self-replicating entity >>>> "needs to be". Any estimates about this are based on *assumptions*
    about the mechanism(s) which could create the first self-replicating
    entity, and the environment(s) which could support those mechanism(s). >>>> This makes your claim a GotG argument.

    WRT OOL and Evolution: The fatal flaw with both of your arguments is
    they conflate complexity with functionality.  The one does not inform >>>> the other.  The actual challenge to evolution is to create better
    functionality for a given environment.

    Pro Ployd's concurrent post WRT altitude hypoxia illustrates the
    difference.  Most humans respond to extreme altitude by increasing
    their hematocrit.  This is a simple but at best temporary solution,
    with long-term and fatal complications. A simpler and better solution
    most mountain human populations did is to change their hemoglobin to
    increase its oxygen saturation.  Of course, this requires time for
    natural selection to select for this trait, and some individuals will
    likely die without it.

    Once again, your obsession with complexity serves you poorly.


    Agreed, care is needed in defining complexity and its relationship to
    function.

    The challenge to evolution is the creation of functional complexity.
    Here is a description of the ultimate manifestation of functional
    complexity:

    'The human brain contains some 100 billion neurons, which together
    form a network of Internet-like complexity. Christof Koch, chief
    scientific officer of the Allen Institute for Brain Science, calls
    the brain "the most complex object in the known universe," and he's
    mapping its connections in hopes of discovering the origins of
    consciousness.'
    http://www.npr.org/2013/06/14/191614360/decoding-the-most-complex-
    object-in-the-universe

    A problem with irreducible complexity as an argument for design (apart
    from being achievable by natural processes) is the lack of an
    objective criterion for delimiting systems, parts and functions.
    Something maybe both irreducibly complex or not irreducibly complex
    depending on the choices made for the preceding. Similarly there is an
    issue with the lack of an objective criterion for dividing the
    universe into disjoint objects. The human brain is part of the human
    body; either the human is more complex that the human brain, or the
    rest of the human body has negative complexity, or complexity is an
    intensive rather than an extensive property.


    More precisely, if an alleged case of irreducible complexity is
    achievable by natural processes, it's not irreducible.

    That redefinition makes the argument from irreducible complexity
    worthless (rather than just false). It boils down to a claim that if a
    system can't have evolved if it can have evolved. The whole point of the original argument from irreducible complexity was that it purportedly
    had an objective criterion for identifying systems that couldn't have
    evolved. (I'm willing to believe that Behe was sincere in thinking that
    he had such a criterion, though Peter Nyikos did dent my confidence in
    that opinion.) That argument was false (the axiom that irreducibly
    complex systems can't evolve is not true - we grant provisionally grant
    a particular choice of system, part and function and show that there are mechanisms for such systems to evolve), but swapping it for a fallacious (circular) argument is not an improvement.

    Another issue is defining a measure of complexity. If complexity is an
    extensive property why is the elephant brain, with 3 times the number
    of neurons, a more complex object than the human brain. (You could try
    appealing to the size of the connectome, where there is a convenient
    gap in our knowledge of the size of connectomes. I don't find it
    especially plausible that human neurons have on average 3 times the
    number of synapses as elephant neurons, but my intuition might be
    wrong on this point.) If complexity is an intensive property then
    might not corvid and psittacid brains have a higher complexity than
    human brains; the achieve a surprising degree of intelligence with
    much smaller brains.

    Agree that complexity, including "functional complexity", is difficult
    to both define and quantify.

    If you want to make an argument that evolution can't achieve something
    you either need some hard objective criterion (irreducible complexity
    was a failed attempt at that) or numbers for the capability of evolution
    to produce "complexity" and the "complexity" of the systems under consideration. Without either of these all you have in an argument from incredulity.

    You look at the complexity of cells and organisms and say "ooh its so
    complex; it must be designed". I look at the Heath-Robinson
    (Rube-Goldberg) nature of cells and organism and say "no way is that
    designed". We need a means of choosing between those two responses. The
    theory of evolution explains the observations; the hypothesis (being
    generous) of intelligent design explains away the observations. To my
    way of thinking that makes the evolution the superior explanation.


    'According to physicist Roger Penrose, what’s in our head is orders
    of magnitude more complex than anything one sees in the Universe: "If
    you look at the entire physical cosmos," says Penrose, "our brains
    are a tiny, tiny part of it. But they're the most perfectly organized
    part. Compared to the complexity of a brain, a galaxy is just an
    inert lump."'

    'Each cubic millimeter of tissue in the neocortex, reports Michael
    Chorost in World Wide Mind, contains between 860 million and 1.3
    billion synapses. Estimates of the total number of synapses in the
    neocortex range from 164 trillion to 200 trillion. The total number
    of synapses in the brain as a whole is much higher than that. The
    neocortex has the same number of neurons as a galaxy has stars: 100
    billion. One researcher estimates that with current technology it
    would take 10,000 automated microscopes thirty years to map the
    connections between every neuron in a human brain, and 100 million
    terabytes of disk space to store the data.'
    http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2015/12/human-brain-
    intelligence- networks-identified-.html

    Some organisms have deterministic cell fates. That is why
    Caenorhabditis elegans was adopted as a model organism for
    investigating the genetic control of development - it allowed
    researchers to simplify the problem by not having to consider the
    effects of randomness and environmental factors. This is not the case
    for humans, and I believe for the majority of multi-cellular
    organisms. The human brain is self-organising, but it doesn't self-
    organise to a fixed target.

    Can we deduce "complexity therefore design" from this? That's one
    question.

    No.


    However, another question that needs to be asked is, can we deduce
    "that evolution can create sentient beings due to a galaxy of
    functional complexity inside their heads"?


    We already have. Do you have anything other than an argument from
    incredulity against this?

    Yes, Darwinian evolution is the prevailing theory. Nevertheless, this
    cuts both ways: the absolute conviction that evolution has the
    capability to construct the most complex object in the known universe
    can similarly be called "belief from credulity".

    I ask again; do you have anything other than an argument from
    incredulity against this? One would expect that it you had you would
    present it spontaneously; instead you've just ducked an invitation to
    present such.

    What do you mean by your statement "The human brain is self-organising"
    Are you suggesting that it is something like unprogrammed hardware, and
    it writes its own software? Or are you referring to the process of
    raising and educating a child?


    You recently mentioned structuralism in biology recently. I might be a
    bit of a structuralist, though I don't see structuralism as being in
    opposition to natural selection. Many natural structures (such as
    planets and crystals) self organise. In cell biology we have cell
    membranes and ribosomes. At a higher level we have lungs and kidneys,
    and yes brains, and at a still higher level, ecosystems. I see natural selection as acting to choose between different self-organising systems; mutations that produce systems that don't self-organise will be selected
    out.

    The former is nearer to the mark. The brain makes and prunes synaptic connections is response to environmental stimuli. Describing that as "unprogrammed hardware writing its own software" is not the worst
    metaphor. (You could draw a parallel with AlphaZero training itself to
    play chess, go, shogi, ...) But the brain is not a tabula rasa. For
    example I believe that the capability for language is innate, though any particular language is learnt. But at a deeper level the brain is
    hardware that assembles itself. The genome is not a blueprint; a recipe
    is a better metaphor. Interactions between cells cause the cells to
    organise themselves into brain structures. Even outside the environment
    of the human body human cells are capable of self-organising into
    structures (see the literature on organoids). In other organisms sponge
    cells are capable of self-organising into sponges, and in the right
    conditions in many plant species embryos spontaneously develop in callus culture and develop into seedlings.

    --
    alias Ernest Major

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  • From Ernest Major@21:1/5 to MarkE on Tue Feb 18 11:30:52 2025
    On 18/02/2025 09:37, MarkE wrote:
    On 18/02/2025 8:15 pm, Martin Harran wrote:
    The question I would like to see you address is how your Intelligent
    Designer might have gone about this.

    The human brain indeed has unique characteristics in terms of its
    ability and functions. Other species do not have those
    characteristics, but they do have similar brain structures and, as
    Ernest has pointed out in several examples, those brains can sometimes
    be argued to be even more complex than the human one. So how do you
    think your Intelligent Designer went about this? Did he play around
    with various prototype brain designs on other species and then come up
    with a particular design that he decided to give to humans alone?

    Why the hostile, mocking tone, and straw man depiction of God?


    First, if your position is that the Designer of the Intelligent Design
    movement is not defined to be God, you can't legitimately describe a speculation on the nature of the Designer to be a straw man depiction of
    God; you just said that the Designer may not be God. In fact Martin's suggestion is pretty much what I infer to be the implications of your claim.

    Ray Martinez's position was absolutely no evolution, not even
    microevolution, but he also defined evolution as entailing atheism. In
    common with creationists in general he wasn't clear about what he
    thought happened in the past to achieve the present state. However both Burkhard and myself suspected him of being an omphalic evolutionist -
    evolution occurs but God does it. (Omphalic evolutionism is the domain
    specific version of occasionalism, are as I sometimes call it
    Islamo-Calvinist determinism.) I had previously thought, based on your
    focus on incredulity about abiogenesis that you had tacitly accepted
    evolution, but your recent posts have falsified that hypothesis. They
    leave you looking as if you have a position not dissimilar to that
    inferred for Ray.

    What do you think stops evolution from the equivalent of a chimpanzee
    brain to the equivalent of a human brain, or from the equivalent of a
    monkey brain to the equivalent of a chimpanzee brain, or from the
    equivalent of a lemur brain to the equivalent of a monkey brain, or from
    the equivalent of a tree shrew brain to the equivalent of a lemur brain,
    and so on along the trajectory of increased encephalisation and brain complexity? What particular step do you find incredible? Since I don't
    see any difference between the various steps the natural assumption is
    that you find all the steps incredible, which leaves me (and presumably
    Martin) to infer that you hold a position something like what Martin
    outlined.

    Only if you assume that the Designer is God, and an omniscient God at
    that, could you describe Martin's comment as mocking God. But remember
    that the Intelligent Design movement tells us that it does not tell us
    the identity or properties of the Designer, so you would be condemning
    Martin for taking the Intelligent Design movement at its word.

    --
    alias Ernest Major

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  • From Bob Casanova@21:1/5 to All on Tue Feb 18 08:29:58 2025
    On Tue, 18 Feb 2025 21:41:42 +1100, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 18/02/2025 8:55 pm, Martin Harran wrote:
    On Tue, 18 Feb 2025 20:37:06 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 18/02/2025 8:15 pm, Martin Harran wrote:
    The question I would like to see you address is how your Intelligent
    Designer might have gone about this.

    The human brain indeed has unique characteristics in terms of its
    ability and functions. Other species do not have those
    characteristics, but they do have similar brain structures and, as
    Ernest has pointed out in several examples, those brains can sometimes >>>> be argued to be even more complex than the human one. So how do you
    think your Intelligent Designer went about this? Did he play around
    with various prototype brain designs on other species and then come up >>>> with a particular design that he decided to give to humans alone?

    Why the hostile, mocking tone,

    Not meant to be either hostile or mocking but I accept it may come
    across that way due to my frustration with you continually refusing to
    deal with issues raided by a fellow religious believer. [1]

    and straw man depiction of God?

    It is you and your fellow IDers who have created a strawman by
    pretending to talk about some anodyne designer when you really mean
    God; and not just *any* God, the specific Christian God.

    I'm with many ID proponents who are openly Christians, but in the
    context of debating the interpretation and implications of scientific >evidence, deliberately and correctly refer only to a non-specific
    intelligent designer interacting with this material world from outside
    of spacetime.



    ===========================

    [1] For example, still waiting for you to produce the evidence you
    promised 10 days ago about ID gaining traction.

    Same here.

    It'll come, I'm still doing midnighters. And distracting myself with
    posts like these.

    So, "The check is in the mail"?

    Either you know of such evidence or you were blowing smoke.
    If the former, a simple one-line cite to the evidence would
    have taken less time than the two sentences above. But I
    suspect it's actually the latter; simply the most recent in
    a long line of such from various ID apologists.

    --

    Bob C.

    "The most exciting phrase to hear in science,
    the one that heralds new discoveries, is not
    'Eureka!' but 'That's funny...'"

    - Isaac Asimov

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  • From Kerr-Mudd, John@21:1/5 to jillery on Wed Feb 19 17:11:53 2025
    On Wed, 19 Feb 2025 07:22:06 -0500
    jillery <69jpil69@gmail.com> wrote:

    On Thu, 6 Feb 2025 17:29:54 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    Has talk.origins run its course, with this incarnation (post-GG
    meteorite impact) the last of the dinosaurs?

    And what of the Origins debate? My contention is that progressive >discoveries with the complexity and precision of life are making Mt >Improbable higher and higher [1]. ID has gained and sustained traction >because this trend is real. I would add to this arguments relating to >first-cause, fine-tuning, the Cambrian explosion, etc.


    Since this point has become a bone of contention among some posters,
    it would be helpful if you clarified exactly what you meant by "ID has
    gained and sustained traction". Do you believe ID has done so among scientists? Or among the general U.S. population? If the latter,
    that is my impression also. It is part and parcel of the larger
    movement which has melded distrust of science and scientists in with reactionary politics and populist religious movements. If you ever
    get back to this point, thank you in advance for taking some time to
    answer my question.


    I feel you are correct. 'Truth' is a flexible thing, for a lot of
    people these days.

    --
    To know less than we don't know is the nature of most knowledge



    --
    Bah, and indeed Humbug.

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  • From Ernest Major@21:1/5 to Martin Harran on Thu Feb 20 14:44:17 2025
    On 20/02/2025 09:24, Martin Harran wrote:
    On Wed, 19 Feb 2025 09:52:12 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 19/02/2025 3:59 am, Martin Harran wrote:

    [...]


    Why do you feel the need to hide your religious beliefs; why not just
    come out and talk openly about God? That seems to me a lack of
    confidence in your religious beliefs or at least your ability to
    convince other people.

    But I have and do. I've quoted the Bible, I've given a (speculative)
    outline of how God might have created, etc. Happy to be transparent
    about my personal belief.



    On Wed, 19 Feb 2025 09:52:12 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 19/02/2025 3:59 am, Martin Harran wrote:

    [...]


    Why do you feel the need to hide your religious beliefs; why not just
    come out and talk openly about God? That seems to me a lack of
    confidence in your religious beliefs or at least your ability to
    convince other people.

    But I have and do. I've quoted the Bible, I've given a (speculative)
    outline of how God might have created, etc. Happy to be transparent
    about my personal belief.

    Is this what you are referring to, from the "Ool - out at first base?"
    thread ?

    ==========================================

    On Thu, 19 Dec 2024 14:10:27 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    [...]


    God is eternally preexisting, nonmaterial, above and beyond time,
    matter, energy, but creating and controlling these.

    God conceived of all created things before they came into being.

    God spoke and there was...spacetime, matter, energy.

    God created the initial low entropy state of the universe.

    God designed physics, the periodic table, etc, as building blocks
    capable of being fashioned into all created things.

    God designed all living things and spoke them into being, either
    directly, or indirectly through innate capacity for change and adaptation. >>
    Etc.

    ===========================================

    That is absolutely fair as a Faith statement but "God designed" and
    God "spoke" things into existence tells us nothing about *how* God
    might have created. It doesn't, for example, shed any light at all on
    my question above which seemed to unsettle you so much, the one about
    how you deal with other species sharing the structure of the human
    brain and, in some ways, being even more complex.


    As a "scientific" model (or a historical account) it's completely vague;
    it could cover anything from God as a cosmogen (and nothing else), i.e. cosmological deism, to Young Earth Creationism.

    --
    alias Ernest Major

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  • From Bob Casanova@21:1/5 to All on Sat Feb 22 18:06:06 2025
    On Tue, 18 Feb 2025 08:29:58 -0700, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by Bob Casanova <nospam@buzz.off>:

    On Tue, 18 Feb 2025 21:41:42 +1100, the following appeared
    in talk.origins, posted by MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com>:

    On 18/02/2025 8:55 pm, Martin Harran wrote:
    On Tue, 18 Feb 2025 20:37:06 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 18/02/2025 8:15 pm, Martin Harran wrote:
    The question I would like to see you address is how your Intelligent >>>>> Designer might have gone about this.

    The human brain indeed has unique characteristics in terms of its
    ability and functions. Other species do not have those
    characteristics, but they do have similar brain structures and, as
    Ernest has pointed out in several examples, those brains can sometimes >>>>> be argued to be even more complex than the human one. So how do you
    think your Intelligent Designer went about this? Did he play around
    with various prototype brain designs on other species and then come up >>>>> with a particular design that he decided to give to humans alone?

    Why the hostile, mocking tone,

    Not meant to be either hostile or mocking but I accept it may come
    across that way due to my frustration with you continually refusing to
    deal with issues raided by a fellow religious believer. [1]

    and straw man depiction of God?

    It is you and your fellow IDers who have created a strawman by
    pretending to talk about some anodyne designer when you really mean
    God; and not just *any* God, the specific Christian God.

    I'm with many ID proponents who are openly Christians, but in the
    context of debating the interpretation and implications of scientific >>evidence, deliberately and correctly refer only to a non-specific >>intelligent designer interacting with this material world from outside
    of spacetime.



    ===========================

    [1] For example, still waiting for you to produce the evidence you
    promised 10 days ago about ID gaining traction.

    Same here.

    It'll come, I'm still doing midnighters. And distracting myself with
    posts like these.

    So, "The check is in the mail"?

    Either you know of such evidence or you were blowing smoke.
    If the former, a simple one-line cite to the evidence would
    have taken less time than the two sentences above. But I
    suspect it's actually the latter; simply the most recent in
    a long line of such from various ID apologists.

    4 days. OK; got it; you were blowing smoke. Thanks for
    confirming.

    --

    Bob C.

    "The most exciting phrase to hear in science,
    the one that heralds new discoveries, is not
    'Eureka!' but 'That's funny...'"

    - Isaac Asimov

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  • From Mark Isaak@21:1/5 to MarkE on Sat Feb 22 22:19:14 2025
    On 2/14/25 8:14 PM, MarkE wrote:
    On 15/02/2025 1:53 pm, Mark Isaak wrote:
    On 2/8/25 5:06 AM, MarkE wrote:

    My argument is therefore, as complexity goes up, the challenges to
    naturalistic OOL and evolution also increase.

    Evolution produces complexity without the least concern. Design tries
    to minimize it and create simplicity. As complexity goes up, the
    challenge to designed OOL also increases.


    "Evolution produces complexity without the least concern."

    You're making an assertion about a fundamental contention, i.e. the capability of evolution.

    Do you realise that's what you're doing?

    Do you realise that's neither an argument nor a rebuttal?

    I am thinking of the products of evolutionary algorithms. They get quite complex. And no wonder, since there is nothing inherent in the
    algorithms to limit complexity. On the other hand, complexity *is*
    limited by the algorithms of intelligent design, since the design needs
    to be simple enough for designers (and repairers and maintainers) to
    understand it.

    --
    Mark Isaak
    "Wisdom begins when you discover the difference between 'That
    doesn't make sense' and 'I don't understand.'" - Mary Doria Russell

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  • From Ernest Major@21:1/5 to Mark Isaak on Sun Feb 23 11:57:28 2025
    On 23/02/2025 06:19, Mark Isaak wrote:
    On 2/14/25 8:14 PM, MarkE wrote:
    On 15/02/2025 1:53 pm, Mark Isaak wrote:
    On 2/8/25 5:06 AM, MarkE wrote:

    My argument is therefore, as complexity goes up, the challenges to
    naturalistic OOL and evolution also increase.

    Evolution produces complexity without the least concern. Design tries
    to minimize it and create simplicity. As complexity goes up, the
    challenge to designed OOL also increases.


    "Evolution produces complexity without the least concern."

    You're making an assertion about a fundamental contention, i.e. the
    capability of evolution.

    Do you realise that's what you're doing?

    Do you realise that's neither an argument nor a rebuttal?

    I am thinking of the products of evolutionary algorithms. They get quite complex. And no wonder, since there is nothing inherent in the
    algorithms to limit complexity. On the other hand, complexity *is*
    limited by the algorithms of intelligent design, since the design needs
    to be simple enough for designers (and repairers and maintainers) to understand it.


    An omnipotent omniscient designer isn't limited by an ability to
    comprehend the complexity. ID people get to resort to "mysterious ways
    beyond human understanding".

    --
    alias Ernest Major

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  • From DB Cates@21:1/5 to Ernest Major on Sun Feb 23 10:03:25 2025
    On 2025-02-23 5:57 a.m., Ernest Major wrote:
    On 23/02/2025 06:19, Mark Isaak wrote:
    On 2/14/25 8:14 PM, MarkE wrote:
    On 15/02/2025 1:53 pm, Mark Isaak wrote:
    On 2/8/25 5:06 AM, MarkE wrote:

    My argument is therefore, as complexity goes up, the challenges to
    naturalistic OOL and evolution also increase.

    Evolution produces complexity without the least concern. Design
    tries to minimize it and create simplicity. As complexity goes up,
    the challenge to designed OOL also increases.


    "Evolution produces complexity without the least concern."

    You're making an assertion about a fundamental contention, i.e. the
    capability of evolution.

    Do you realise that's what you're doing?

    Do you realise that's neither an argument nor a rebuttal?

    I am thinking of the products of evolutionary algorithms. They get
    quite complex. And no wonder, since there is nothing inherent in the
    algorithms to limit complexity. On the other hand, complexity *is*
    limited by the algorithms of intelligent design, since the design
    needs to be simple enough for designers (and repairers and
    maintainers) to understand it.


    An omnipotent omniscient designer isn't limited by an ability to
    comprehend the complexity. ID people get to resort to "mysterious ways
    beyond human understanding".

    Absolutely. Of course, that 'explanation' has the same explanatory power
    as "beats me".

    --
    --
    Don Cates ("he's a cunning rascal" PN)

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  • From Mark Isaak@21:1/5 to MarkE on Mon Feb 24 09:16:27 2025
    On 2/17/25 3:05 AM, MarkE wrote:
    On 15/02/2025 10:06 pm, jillery wrote:
    On Sat, 15 Feb 2025 15:59:53 +1100, MarkE <me22over7@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 15/02/2025 1:53 pm, Mark Isaak wrote:
    On 2/8/25 5:06 AM, MarkE wrote:

    My argument is therefore, as complexity goes up, the challenges to
    naturalistic OOL and evolution also increase.

    Evolution produces complexity without the least concern. Design
    tries to
    minimize it and create simplicity. As complexity goes up, the challenge >>>> to designed OOL also increases.


    My assertion is self-evident, is it not? I.e.:

    OOL: the more complex the first self-replicating entity needs to be, the >>> greater the challenge to its prebiotic (i.e. pre-Darwinian evolution)
    formation.

    Evolution: the more complex a "higher" organism, given a maximum
    plausible rate of mutation, fixation and time, the greater the challenge >>> to its evolution.

    On the other hand, your assertion that "evolution produces complexity
    without the least concern" is not self-evident, and is neither an
    argument nor a rebuttal. The capability of evolution to produce
    complexity is, rather, a fundamental contention.


    Here's an opportunity for you to actually speak to me, instead of your
    usual petty sniping.  I understand your arguments stated above.

    WRT OOL: It's unknown what the complexity of a self-replicating entity
    "needs to be". Any estimates about this are based on *assumptions*
    about the mechanism(s) which could create the first self-replicating
    entity, and the environment(s) which could support those mechanism(s).
    This makes your claim a GotG argument.

    WRT OOL and Evolution: The fatal flaw with both of your arguments is
    they conflate complexity with functionality.  The one does not inform
    the other.  The actual challenge to evolution is to create better
    functionality for a given environment.

    Pro Ployd's concurrent post WRT altitude hypoxia illustrates the
    difference.  Most humans respond to extreme altitude by increasing
    their hematocrit.  This is a simple but at best temporary solution,
    with long-term and fatal complications. A simpler and better solution
    most mountain human populations did is to change their hemoglobin to
    increase its oxygen saturation.  Of course, this requires time for
    natural selection to select for this trait, and some individuals will
    likely die without it.

    Once again, your obsession with complexity serves you poorly.


    Agreed, care is needed in defining complexity and its relationship to function.

    The challenge to evolution is the creation of functional complexity.
    Here is a description of the ultimate manifestation of functional
    complexity:

    'The human brain contains some 100 billion neurons, which together form
    a network of Internet-like complexity. Christof Koch, chief scientific officer of the Allen Institute for Brain Science, calls the brain "the
    most complex object in the known universe," and he's mapping its
    connections in hopes of discovering the origins of consciousness.' http://www.npr.org/2013/06/14/191614360/decoding-the-most-complex- object-in-the-universe

    'According to physicist Roger Penrose, what’s in our head is orders of magnitude more complex than anything one sees in the Universe: "If you
    look at the entire physical cosmos," says Penrose, "our brains are a
    tiny, tiny part of it. But they're the most perfectly organized part. Compared to the complexity of a brain, a galaxy is just an inert lump."'

    'Each cubic millimeter of tissue in the neocortex, reports Michael
    Chorost in World Wide Mind, contains between 860 million and 1.3 billion synapses. Estimates of the total number of synapses in the neocortex
    range from 164 trillion to 200 trillion. The total number of synapses in
    the brain as a whole is much higher than that. The neocortex has the
    same number of neurons as a galaxy has stars: 100 billion. One
    researcher estimates that with current technology it would take 10,000 automated microscopes thirty years to map the connections between every neuron in a human brain, and 100 million terabytes of disk space to
    store the data.' http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2015/12/human-brain-intelligence- networks-identified-.html

    Can we deduce "complexity therefore design" from this? That's one question.

    If you do make that deduction, you will be committing the fallacy of
    assuming your conclusion.

    --
    Mark Isaak
    "Wisdom begins when you discover the difference between 'That
    doesn't make sense' and 'I don't understand.'" - Mary Doria Russell

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