People in Coventry have asked for more cycle lanes, better bus services and less traffic on roads.
QUOTE: But 80% said tackling climate change and thinking about sustainability was "very" important. ENDS
99.9% of scientists agree with them.
QUOTE: But 80% said tackling climate change and thinking about sustainability was "very" important. ENDS
99.9% of scientists agree with them.
On Wednesday, September 20, 2023 at 4:47:43 PM UTC+1, Simon Mason wrote:
QUOTE: But 80% said tackling climate change and thinking about
sustainability was "very" important. ENDS
99.9% of scientists agree with them.
More than 99.9% of peer-reviewed scientific papers agree that climate
change is mainly caused by humans, according to a new survey of 88,125 climate-related studies.
The research updates a similar 2013 paper revealing that 97% of studies published between 1991 and 2012 supported the idea that human activities
are altering Earth’s climate. The current survey examines the literature published from 2012 to November 2020 to explore whether the consensus has changed.
“We are virtually certain that the consensus is well over 99% now and
that it’s pretty much case closed for any meaningful public conversation about the reality of human-caused climate change,” said Mark Lynas, a visiting fellow at the Alliance for Science and the paper’s first author.
https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2021/10/more-999-studies-agree-humans-caused-climate-change
QUOTE: But 80% said tackling climate change and thinking about
sustainability was "very" important. ENDS
99.9% of scientists agree with them.
FOLLOW THE MONEY.
Projections created internally by ExxonMobil starting in the late 1970s
on the impact of fossil fuels on climate change were very accurate, even surpassing those of some academic and governmental scientists, according
to an analysis published Thursday in Science by a team of Harvard-led researchers. Despite those forecasts, team leaders say, the multinational energy giant continued to sow doubt about the gathering crisis.
In “Assessing ExxonMobil’s Global Warming Projections,” researchers from
Harvard and the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research show for
the first time the accuracy of previously unreported forecasts created by company scientists from 1977 through 2003. The Harvard team discovered
that Exxon researchers created a series of remarkably reliable models and analyses projecting global warming from carbon dioxide emissions over the coming decades. Specifically, Exxon projected that fossil fuel emissions would lead to 0.20 degrees Celsius of global warming per decade, with a margin of error of 0.04 degrees — a trend that has been proven largely accurate.
“This paper is the first ever systematic assessment of a fossil fuel company’s climate projections, the first time we’ve been able to put a number on what they knew,” said Geoffrey Supran, lead author and former research fellow in the History of Science at Harvard. “What we found is that between 1977 and 2003, excellent scientists within Exxon modeled and predicted global warming with, frankly, shocking skill and accuracy only
for the company to then spend the next couple of decades denying that
very climate science.”
“We thought this was a unique opportunity to understand what Exxon knew about this issue and what level of scientific understanding they had at
the time,” added co-author Naomi Oreskes, Henry Charles Lea Professor of the History of Science whose work looks at the causes and effects of
climate change denial. “We found that not only were their forecasts extremely skillful, but they were also often more skillful than forecasts made by independent academic and government scientists at the exact same time.”
Allegations that oil company executives sought to mislead the public
about the industry’s role in climate change have drawn increasing
scrutiny in recent years, including lawsuits by several states and cities
and a recent high profile U.S. House committee investigation.
Harvard’s scientists used established Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) statistical techniques to test the performance of Exxon’s models. They found that, depending on the metric used, 63-83 percent of
the global warming projections reported by Exxon scientists were
consistent with actual temperatures over time. Moreover, the
corporation’s own projections had an average “skill score” of 72 percent,
plus or minus 6 percent, with the highest scoring 99 percent. A skill
score relates to how well a forecast compares to what happens in real
life. For comparison, NASA scientist James Hansen’s global warming predictions presented to the U.S. Congress in 1988 had scores from 38 to 66 percent.
The researchers report that Exxon scientists correctly dismissed the possibility of a coming ice age, accurately predicted that human-caused global warming would first be detectable in the year 2000, plus or minus
five years, and reasonably estimated how much CO2 would lead to dangerous warming.
The current debate about when Exxon knew about the impact on climate
change carbon emissions began in 2015 following news reports of internal company documents describing the multinational’s early knowledge of
climate science. Exxon disagreed with the reports, even providing a link
to internal studies and memos from their own scientists and suggesting
that interested parties should read them and make up their own minds.
“That’s exactly what we did,” said Supran, who is now at the University of Miami. Together, he and Oreskes spent a year researching those
documents and in 2017 published a series of three papers analyzing
Exxon’s 40-year history of climate communications. They were able to show there was a systematic discrepancy between what Exxon was saying
internally and in academic circles versus what they were telling the
public. “That led us to conclude that they had quantifiably misled the public, by essentially contributing quietly to climate science and yet
loudly promoting doubt about that science,” said Supran.
In 2021, the team published a new study in One Earth using algorithmic techniques to identify ways in which ExxonMobil used increasingly subtle
but systematic language to shape the way the public talks and thinks
about climate change — often in misleading ways.
These findings were hardly a surprise to Oreskes, given her long history
of studying climate communications from fossil fuel companies, work that
drew national attention with her 2010 bestseller, “Merchants of Doubt.” In it she and co-author, Caltech researcher Erik Conway, argued that
Exxon was aware of the threat of carbon emissions on climate change yet
waged a disinformation campaign about the problem. Despite the book’s popularity and the peer-reviewed papers with Supran, however, some
continued to wonder whether she could prove the effect these campaigns
had, if they indeed made a difference.
“I think this new study is the smoking gun, the proof, because it shows
the degree of understanding … this really deep, really sophisticated, really skillful understanding that was obscured by what came next,”
Oreskes said. “It proves a point I’ve argued for years that ExxonMobil scientists knew about this problem to a shockingly fine degree as far
back as the 1980s, but company spokesmen denied, challenged, and obscured this science, starting in the late 1980s/early 1990s.”
Added Supran: “Our analysis here I think seals the deal on that matter.
We now have totally unimpeachable evidence that Exxon accurately
predicted global warming years before it turned around and publicly
attacked climate science and scientists.”
https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2023/01/harvard-led-analysis-finds-exxonmobil-internal-research-accurately-predicted-climate-change/
On Wednesday, September 20, 2023 at 4:47:43 PM UTC+1, Simon Mason wrote:2020 to explore whether the consensus has changed.
QUOTE: But 80% said tackling climate change and thinking about sustainability was "very" important. ENDS
99.9% of scientists agree with them.
More than 99.9% of peer-reviewed scientific papers agree that climate change is mainly caused by humans, according to a new survey of 88,125 climate-related studies.
The research updates a similar 2013 paper revealing that 97% of studies published between 1991 and 2012 supported the idea that human activities are altering Earth’s climate. The current survey examines the literature published from 2012 to November
“We are virtually certain that the consensus is well over 99% now and that it’s pretty much case closed for any meaningful public conversation about the reality of human-caused climate change,” said Mark Lynas, a visiting fellow at the Alliancefor Science and the paper’s first author.
https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2021/10/more-999-studies-agree-humans-caused-climate-change
The oil giant Exxon privately “predicted global warming correctly and skilfully” only to then spend decades publicly rubbishing such science in order to protect its core business, new research has found.
https://www.theguardian.com/business/2023/jan/12/exxon-climate-change-global-warming-research
Simon Mason <swldxer1958@gmail.com> wrote:
FOLLOW THE MONEY.
FOLLOW THE SCIENCE
Arrhenius’ paper, which underpins all the CO2-related climate hysteria generated by the IPCC, is not founded on any theory.
Read his paper here:
<https://www.rsc.org/images/Arrhenius1896_tcm18-173546.pdf>
A scientific consensus is reached when the vast majority of the
scientists involved in a discipline broadly agree on the interpretation
of the evidence pertaining to a specific scientific question. When this occurs the case can be considered to have been demonstrated and the
burden of proof then falls on those who would dispute the consensus.
https://rationalwiki.org/w/images/e/ec/DenialistStaircase.png
It is standard fare for climate change deniers to blame consensus on a conspiracy. To his credit, James Delingpole has at least looked around
enough to see who is behind this conspiracy. In his own words:
Heads are going to roll for this, they’ll have to. But however many heads do roll it won’t be enough. Always remember this: the Warmist faith so fervently held and promulgated by the Met Office is exactly the same
faith so passionately, unswervingly followed by David Cameron, Chris
Huhne, Greg Barker, the Coalition's energy spokesman in the Lords Lord Marland, and all but five members of the last parliament. And also by the BBC, the Prince of Wales, almost every national newspaper, the European Union, the Royal Society, the New York Times, CNBC, the Obama
administration, the Australian and New Zealand governments, your
children's schools, our major universities, our minor universities, the University of East Anglia, your local council...[his ellipsis]
Pretty impressive list. However, after a bit of head-scratching, he found some more:
Asda, Marks & Spencer, the Co-Op, Knight Frank, Boots, Aviva, and Sky.
Oh, and Wikipedia.
Seemingly everybody in the world except Delingpole. This sort of ranting insanity and solipsism is typical of his output.
A scientific consensus is reached when the vast majority of the scientists involved in a discipline broadly agree on the interpretation of the evidence pertaining to a specific scientific question. When this occurs the case can be considered to havebeen demonstrated and the burden of proof then falls on those who would dispute the consensus. The following national and international organizations are part of the consensus that global warming is a real phenomenon for which humans are responsible:
National Academy of Sciences (NAS)you both the science of what is going on and how to fight denialism properly.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
NASA's Goddard Institute of Space Studies (GISS)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Royal Society (UK)
Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (CMOS)
UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
And many more.
Though some have taken non-committal stances, the vast majority of scientific bodies are convinced by the evidence. In addition, those pinko tree-huggers at the Pentagon now rank global warming as a "destabilizing force" (damn enviro-weenies).
Despite the clarity of the facts, behavioral/social science tells us that simply shoving global warming related scientific data into their face simply solidifies their existing beliefs. There's even a college offering free online classes that teaches
https://rationalwiki.org/w/images/e/ec/DenialistStaircase.png
Coventry residents have called for more cycle lanes,
better bus services and less traffic on roads in response to council climate and sustainability plans.
If [discussing renewable energy with conservatives] you deliver the
message of energy freedom, energy choice, competition, national security, innovation, all of a sudden, you will have a receptive audience and they
will listen to you. If you lead off with climate change, they’re not
going to pay a bit of attention to anything else you say. They’ve been brainwashed for decades into believing, oh, we’re not damaging the environment…
As you can see above, fact-based debate on this is as one-sided as
bringing an 8-inch atomic artillery piece to a knife fight. So climate
denial inevitably involves a barrage of bad-faith misdirection tactics
that do nothing to rebut the scientific consensus at issue.
QUOTE: There is no mention by the council who are bringing in 15 minute cities where we're not allowed by law to move out of our designated area. ENDS
It's all a sinister plot by Klaus Schwab and the new world order
according to the swivels. :-)
Barking mad.
QUOTE:/ There is no mention by the council who are bringing in 15 minute cities where we're not allowed by law to move out of our designated area. /ENDS
On Friday, September 22, 2023 at 7:14:55 AM UTC+1, Simon Mason wrote:
QUOTE:/ There is no mention by the council who are bringing in 15 minute
cities where we're not allowed by law to move out of our designated area. /ENDS
Much like the London Marathon then?
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